Effects of common groundwater ions on chromate removal by magnetite: importance of chromate adsorption

Meena, Amanda H.; Arai, Yuji

doi:10.1186/s12932-016-0033-9

Title: Effects of common groundwater ions on chromate removal by magnetite: importance of chromate adsorption

Journal Article · Fri Apr 29 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Geochemical Transactions

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12932-016-0033-9· OSTI ID:1619397

Meena, Amanda H.; Arai, Yuji

Reductive precipitation of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) with magnetite is a well-known Cr(VI) remediation method to improve water quality. The rapid (< a few hr) reduction of soluble Cr(VI) to insoluble Cr(III) species by Fe(II) in magnetite has been the primary focus of the Cr(VI) removal process in the past. However, the contribution of simultaneous Cr(VI) adsorption processes in aged magnetite has been largely ignored, leaving uncertainties in evaluating the application of in situ Cr remediation technologies for aqueous systems. In this study, effects of common groundwater ions (i.e., nitrate and sulfate) on Cr(VI) sorption to magnetite were investigated using batch geochemical experiments in conjunction with X-ray absorption spectroscopy. As a result, in both nitrate and sulfate electrolytes, batch sorption experiments showed that Cr(VI) sorption decreases with increasing pH from 4 to 8. In this pH range, Cr(VI) sorption decreased with increasing ionic strength of sulfate from 0.01 to 0.1 M whereas nitrate concentrations did not alter the Cr(VI) sorption behavior. This indicates the background electrolyte specific Cr(VI) sorption process in magnetite. Under the same ionic strength, Cr(VI) removal in sulfate containing solutions was greater than that in nitrate solutions. This is because the oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrate is more thermodynamically favorable than by sulfate, leaving less reduction capacity of magnetite to reduce Cr(VI) in the nitrate media. X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis supports the macroscopic evidence that more than 75 % of total Cr on the magnetite surfaces was adsorbed Cr(VI) species after 48 h. In conclusion, this experimental geochemical study showed that the adsorption process of Cr(VI) anions was as important as the reductive precipitation of Cr(III) in describing the removal of Cr(VI) by magnetite, and these interfacial adsorption processes could be impacted by common groundwater ions like sulfate and nitrate. The results of this study highlight new information about the large quantity of adsorbed Cr(VI) surface complexes at the magnetite-water interface. It has implications for predicting the long-term stability of Cr at the magnetite-water interface.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; AC09-08SR22470

OSTI ID:: 1619397

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1288268

Journal Information:: Geochemical Transactions, Journal Name: Geochemical Transactions Vol. 17 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 1467-4866

Publisher:: Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Cited by: 25 works

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
chromate
Cr
groundwater ions
magnetite
adsorption
surface speciation
reduction
sulfate
nitrate
X-ray absorption spectroscopy
x-ray-absorption
pressure-jump relaxation
oxide water interface
retention mechanisms
hexavalent chromium
cr(vi) reduction
aqueous cr(vi)
zero charge
surface

Title: Effects of common groundwater ions on chromate removal by magnetite: importance of chromate adsorption

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References (35)

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