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Title: Galvanostatic interruption of lithium insertion into magnetite: Evidence of surface layer formation

Journal Article · · Journal of Power Sources
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [3];  [2]
  1. Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
  2. Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States)
  3. Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY (United States)
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Magnetite is a known lithium intercalation material, and the loss of active, nanocrystalline magnetite can be inferred from the open-circuit potential relaxation. Specifically, for current interruption after relatively small amounts of lithium insertion, the potential first increases and then decreases, and the decrease is hypothesized to be due to a formation of a surface layer, which increases the solid-state lithium concentration in the remaining active material. Comparisons of simulation to experiment suggest that the reactions with the electrolyte result in the formation of a thin layer of electrochemically inactive material, which is best described by a nucleation and growth mechanism. Simulations are consistent with experimental results observed for 6, 8 and 32-nm crystals. As a result, simulations capture the experimental differences in lithiation behavior between the first and second cycles.

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties (m2M)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704; SC0012673; C090171
OSTI ID:
1287087
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1345841
Report Number(s):
BNL-112126-2016-JA
Journal Information:
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 321, Issue C; ISSN 0378-7753
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 10 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (2)

Size dependent behavior of Fe 3 O 4 crystals during electrochemical (de)lithiation: an in situ X-ray diffraction, ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and theoretical investigation journal January 2017
The Systematic Refinement for the Phase Change and Conversion Reactions Arising from the Lithiation of Magnetite Nanocrystals journal November 2019

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
galvanostatic
magnetite
surface layer formation