Polarization of massive fermions in a vortical fluid

Fang, Ren-hong; Pang, Long-gang; Wang, Qun; Wang, Xin-nian

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024904

Title: Polarization of massive fermions in a vortical fluid

Journal Article · Tue Aug 02 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Physical Review C

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024904· OSTI ID:1429354

Fang, Ren-hong ^[1]; Pang, Long-gang ^[2]; Wang, Qun ^[1]; Wang, Xin-nian ^[3]

Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China). Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Study and Dept. of Modern Physics
Frankfurt Inst. for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Frankfurt (Germany)
China Central Normal Univ., Wuhan (China). Inst. of Particle Physics and Key Lab. of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Nuclear Science Division

For this study, fermions become polarized in a vortical fluid due to spin-vorticity coupling. Such a polarization can be calculated from the Wigner function in a quantum kinetic approach. By extending previous results for chiral fermions, we derive the Wigner function for massive fermions up to next-to-leading order in spatial gradient expansion. The polarization density of fermions can be calculated from the axial vector component of the Wigner function and is found to be proportional to the local vorticity ω. The polarizations per particle for fermions and antifermions decrease with the chemical potential and increase with energy (mass). Both quantities approach the asymptotic value ℏω/4 in the large energy (mass) limit. The polarization per particle for fermions is always smaller than that for antifermions, whose ratio of fermions to antifermions also decreases with the chemical potential. The polarization per particle on the Cooper-Frye freeze-out hypersurface can also be formulated and is consistent with the previous result of Becattini et al.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Basic Research Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Ministry of Science and Technology (China); Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres; Society for Heavy Ion Research (GSI)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; 2015CB856902; 2014CB845406; 11535012; 11221504; 2014DFG02050

OSTI ID:: 1429354

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1280207

Journal Information:: Physical Review C, Vol. 94, Issue 2; Related Information: © 2016 American Physical Society.; ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 123 works

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Thermal vorticity and spin polarization in heavy-ion collisions Wei, De-Xian; Deng, Wei-Tian; Huang, Xu-Guang arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1810.00151	text	January 2018
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