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Title: Discovery and spectroscopy of the young Jovian planet 51 Eri b with the Gemini Planet Imager

Journal Article · · Science
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  1. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  3. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  4. Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
  5. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA (United States)
  6. National Research Council of Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, Victoria, BC (Canada); Univ. of Victoria, Victoria, BC (Canada)
  7. Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute, Mountain View, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
  8. Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD (United States)
  9. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
  10. Univ. de Montreal, Montreal, QC (Canada)
  11. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  12. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  13. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
  14. Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute, Mountain View, CA (United States)
  15. The Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON (Canada)
  16. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States); Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI (United States)
  17. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA (United States); Univ. of Herfordshire, Hatfield (United Kingdom)
  18. Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
  19. Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON (Canada)
  20. Univ. of Victoria, Victoria, BC (Canada); National Research Council of Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, Victoria, BC (Canada)
  21. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble (France)
  22. Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, IL (United States)
  23. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
  24. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
  25. Durham Univ., Durham (United Kingdom); Gemini Observatory, La Serena (Chile)
  26. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD (United States)
  27. Gemini Observatory, La Serena (Chile)
  28. Univ. of Exeter, Exeter (United Kingdom)
  29. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)
  30. Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  31. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute, Mountain View, CA (United States)
  32. The Univ. of Western Ontario, London, ON (Canada); Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY (United States)
  33. Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
  34. American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY (United States)
  35. Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY (United States)
  36. College of Staten Island, City Univ. of New York, Staten Island, NY (United States); American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY (United States)
  37. Univ. de Chile, Santiago (Chile)
  38. Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute, Mountain View, CA (United States)
  39. Univ. Space Research Assoc., NASA/Armstrong Flight Research Center, Palmdale, CA (United States); Gemini Observatory, La Serena (Chile)
  40. National Research Council of Canada, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, Victoria, BC (Canada)
  41. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
  42. Univ. of Toledo, Toledo, OH (United States)
  43. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Directly detecting thermal emission from young extrasolar planets allows measurement of their atmospheric compositions and luminosities, which are influenced by their formation mechanisms. Using the Gemini Planet Imager, we discovered a planet orbiting the ~20-million-year-old star 51 Eridani at a projected separation of 13 astronomical units. Near-infrared observations show a spectrum with strong methane and water-vapor absorption. Modeling of the spectra and photometry yields a luminosity (normalized by the luminosity of the Sun) of 1.6 to 4.0 × 10–6 and an effective temperature of 600 to 750 K. For this age and luminosity, “hot-start” formation models indicate a mass twice that of Jupiter. Furthermore, this planet also has a sufficiently low luminosity to be consistent with the “cold-start” core-accretion process that may have formed Jupiter.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-06NA25396; AC52-07NA27344
OSTI ID:
1258658
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1274051
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-15-24933; LLNL-JRNL-678639
Journal Information:
Science, Vol. 350, Issue 6256; ISSN 0036-8075
Publisher:
AAASCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 404 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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SAFARI I: A SPHERE discovery of a super metal-rich M dwarf companion to the star HD 86006 text January 2018
Constraining the presence of giant planets in two-belt debris disk systems with VLT/SPHERE direct imaging and dynamical arguments text January 2018
MagAO-X: project status and first laboratory results preprint January 2018
Constraining Gas-Phase Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen in the IM Lup Protoplanetary Disk text January 2018
Atmospheric characterization of directly imaged exoplanets with JWST/MIRI text January 2018
STIM map: detection map for exoplanets imaging beyond asymptotic Gaussian residual speckle noise text January 2018
Single conjugate adaptive optics for the ELT instrument METIS text January 2018
SCExAO/CHARIS Near-Infrared Direct Imaging, Spectroscopy, and Forward-Modeling of kappa And b: A Likely Young, Low-Gravity Superjovian Companion text January 2018
Recovering saturated images for high dynamic Kernel-Phase analysis Application to the determination of dynamical masses for the system Gl 494AB text January 2019
Developing Linear Dark-Field Control for Exoplanet Direct Imaging in the Laboratory and on Ground-based Telescopes preprint January 2019
An updated visual orbit of the directly-imaged exoplanet 51 Eridani b and prospects for a dynamical mass measurement with Gaia text January 2019
Supervised Machine Learning for Intercomparison of Model Grids of Brown Dwarfs: Application to GJ 570D and the Epsilon Indi B Binary System text January 2019
Population-Level Eccentricity Distributions of Imaged Exoplanets and Brown Dwarf Companions: Dynamical Evidence for Distinct Formation Channels text January 2019
The Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey: Dynamical Mass of the Exoplanet beta Pictoris b from Combined Direct Imaging and Astrometry text January 2019
The GJ 504 system revisited: Combining interferometric, radial velocity, and high contrast imaging data text January 2018
Seeing the unseen of Chinese herbal medicine processing (Paozhi): advances in new perspectives journal January 2018

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79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS