Identification of two mechanisms for current production in a biharmonic flashing electron ratchet

Lau, Bryan; Kedem, Ofer; Ratner, Mark A.; Weiss, Emily A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.93.062128

Title: Identification of two mechanisms for current production in a biharmonic flashing electron ratchet

Journal Article · Mon Jun 20 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Physical Review E

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.93.062128· OSTI ID:1388020

Lau, Bryan ^[1]; Kedem, Ofer ^[1]; Ratner, Mark A. ^[1]; Weiss, Emily A. ^[1]

Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Ratchets rectify the motion of randomly moving particles, which are driven by isotropic sources of energy such as thermal and chemical energy, without applying a net, time-averaged force between source and drain. We describe the behavior of a damped electron, modeled by a quantum Lindblad master equation, within a flashing ratchet (a one-dimensional potential that oscillates between a flat surface and a periodic asymmetric surface). By investigating the complete space of all biharmonic potential shapes and a large range of oscillation frequencies, two modes of ratchet operation, differentiated by their oscillation frequencies (relative to the rate of electron relaxation), are identified. Slow-oscillating, strong friction ratchets operate by a classical, overdamped mechanism. In fast-oscillating, weak friction ratchets, current is primarily produced when the frequency of the oscillating potential is resonant with the beating of the electron wave function in the potential well. The shape of the ratchet potential determines the direction of the current (and, in some cases, straightforwardly accounts for current reversals), but the maximum achievable current at any shape is controlled by the degree of friction applied to the electron.

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Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science (CBES)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0000989

OSTI ID:: 1388020

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1258303

Journal Information:: Physical Review E, Vol. 93, Issue 6; Related Information: CBES partners with Northwestern University (lead); Harvard University; New York University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Michigan; University of Pittsburgh; ISSN 2470-0045

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 15 works

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Light-responsive organic flashing electron ratchet Kedem, Ofer; Lau, Bryan; Ratner, Mark A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705973114	journal	July 2017
High-temperature ratchets driven by deterministic and stochastic fluctuations Rozenbaum, V. M.; Shapochkina, I. V.; Teranishi, Y. Physical Review E, Vol. 99, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.99.012103	journal	January 2019

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Title: Identification of two mechanisms for current production in a biharmonic flashing electron ratchet

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