Four-dimensional electrical conductivity monitoring of stage-driven river water intrusion: Accounting for water table effects using a transient mesh boundary and conditional inversion constraints

Johnson, Tim; Versteeg, Roelof; Thomle, Jon; Hammond, Glenn; Chen, Xingyuan; Zachara, John

doi:10.1002/2014wr016129

Title: Four-dimensional electrical conductivity monitoring of stage-driven river water intrusion: Accounting for water table effects using a transient mesh boundary and conditional inversion constraints

Journal Article · Sat Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Water Resources Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016129· OSTI ID:1257791

Johnson, Tim ^[1]; Versteeg, Roelof ^[2]; Thomle, Jon ^[1]; Hammond, Glenn ^[3]; Chen, Xingyuan ^[1]; Zachara, John ^[1]

Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Subsurface Insights, LLC, Hanover, NH (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Our paper describes and demonstrates two methods of providing a priori information to the surface-based time-lapse three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) problem for monitoring stage-driven or tide-driven surface water intrusion into aquifers. First, a mesh boundary is implemented that conforms to the known location of the water table through time, thereby enabling the inversion to place a sharp bulk conductivity contrast at that boundary without penalty. Moreover, a nonlinear inequality constraint is used to allow only positive or negative transient changes in EC to occur within the saturated zone, dependent on the relative contrast in fluid electrical conductivity between surface water and groundwater. A 3-D field experiment demonstrates that time-lapse imaging results using traditional smoothness constraints are unable to delineate river water intrusion. The water table and inequality constraints provide the inversion with the additional information necessary to resolve the spatial extent of river water intrusion through time.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1257791

Report Number(s):: SAND2016-5315J; 641377

Journal Information:: Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 8; ISSN 0043-1397

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 25 works

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