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Title: Lasers, extreme UV and soft X-ray

Abstract

Three decades ago, large ICF lasers that occupied entire buildings were used as the energy sources to drive the first X-ray lasers. Today X-ray lasers are tabletop, spatially coherent, high-repetition rate lasers that enable many of the standard optical techniques such as interferometry to be extended to the soft X-ray regime between wavelengths of 10 and 50 nm. Over the last decade X-ray laser performance has been improved by the use of the grazing incidence geometry, diode-pumped solid-state lasers, and seeding techniques. The dominant X-ray laser schemes are the monopole collisional excitation lasers either driven by chirped pulse amplification (CPA) laser systems or capillary discharge. The CPA systems drive lasing in neon-like or nickel-like ions, typically in the 10 – 30 nm range, while the capillary system works best for neon-like argon at 46.9 nm. Most researchers use nickel-like ion lasers near 14 nm because they are well matched to the Mo:Si multilayer mirrors that have peak reflectivity near 13 nm and are used in many applications. As a result, the last decade has seen the birth of the X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) that can reach wavelengths down to 0.15 nm and the inner-shell Ne laser at 1.46 nm.

Authors:
 [1]
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1241960
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-666571
DOE Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
The Optics Encyclopedia
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Optics Encyclopedia
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING; 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION; neon-like; nickel-like; collisional excitation; X-ray free electron laser

Citation Formats

Nilsen, Joseph. Lasers, extreme UV and soft X-ray. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1002/9783527600441.oe037.pub2.
Nilsen, Joseph. Lasers, extreme UV and soft X-ray. United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527600441.oe037.pub2
Nilsen, Joseph. 2015. "Lasers, extreme UV and soft X-ray". United States. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527600441.oe037.pub2. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1241960.
@article{osti_1241960,
title = {Lasers, extreme UV and soft X-ray},
author = {Nilsen, Joseph},
abstractNote = {Three decades ago, large ICF lasers that occupied entire buildings were used as the energy sources to drive the first X-ray lasers. Today X-ray lasers are tabletop, spatially coherent, high-repetition rate lasers that enable many of the standard optical techniques such as interferometry to be extended to the soft X-ray regime between wavelengths of 10 and 50 nm. Over the last decade X-ray laser performance has been improved by the use of the grazing incidence geometry, diode-pumped solid-state lasers, and seeding techniques. The dominant X-ray laser schemes are the monopole collisional excitation lasers either driven by chirped pulse amplification (CPA) laser systems or capillary discharge. The CPA systems drive lasing in neon-like or nickel-like ions, typically in the 10 – 30 nm range, while the capillary system works best for neon-like argon at 46.9 nm. Most researchers use nickel-like ion lasers near 14 nm because they are well matched to the Mo:Si multilayer mirrors that have peak reflectivity near 13 nm and are used in many applications. As a result, the last decade has seen the birth of the X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) that can reach wavelengths down to 0.15 nm and the inner-shell Ne laser at 1.46 nm.},
doi = {10.1002/9783527600441.oe037.pub2},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1241960}, journal = {The Optics Encyclopedia},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Sun Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}

Journal Article:

Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Schematic of the grazing incidence pumping geometry (GRIP). The line-focused, uncompressed prepulse is incident on the molybdenum target at normal incidence and creates the initial plasma. This is followed by the line focused CPA short pulse that illuminates the target at a grazing incidence angle of 14 degrees.more » The grazing incidence also produces a travelling wave illumination such that the target preferentially lases in one direction on the Ni-like Mo line at 18.9 nm.« less

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Figures / Tables found in this record:

Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.