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Title: In Situ Fixation of Metal(loid)s in Contaminated Soils: A Comparison of Conventional, Opportunistic, and Engineered Soil Amendments

Journal Article · · Environmental Science and Technology
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [1];  [4];  [5]
  1. Univ. of Sassari (Italy)
  2. Univ. of South Australia, South Australia (Australia); Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), South Australia (Australia)
  3. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH (United States); Oak Ridge Inst. for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  4. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH (United States)
  5. Univ. of South Australia, South Australia (Australia)
+ Show Author Affiliations

This study aimed to assess and compare the in vitro and in vivo bioaccessibility/bioavailability of As and Pb in a mining contaminated soil (As, 2267 mg kg–1; Pb, 1126 mg kg–1), after the addition of conventional (phosphoric acid), opportunistic [water treatment residues (WTRs)], and engineered [nano- and microscale zero valent iron (ZVI)] amendments. Phosphoric acid was the only amendment that could significantly decrease Pb bioaccessibility with respect to untreated soil (41 and 47% in the gastric phase and 2.1 and 8.1% in the intestinal phases, respectively), giving treatment effect ratios (TERs, the bioaccessibility in the amended soil divided by the bioaccessibility in the untreated soil) of 0.25 and 0.87 in the gastric and intestinal phase, respectively. The in vivo bioavailability of Pb decreased in the phosphate treatment relative to the untreated soil (6 and 24%, respectively), and also in the Fe WTR 2% (12%) and nZVI-2 (13%) treatments. The ZVI amendments caused a decrease in As bioaccessibility, with the greatest decrease in the nZVI2-treated soil (TERs of 0.59 and 0.64 in the gastric and intestinal phases, respectively). Furthermore, arsenic X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy analysis indicated that most of the As in the untreated soil was present as As(V) associated with Fe mineral phases, whereas in the treated soil, the proportion of arsenosiderite increased. Arsenite was present only as a minor species (3–5%) in the treated soils, with the exception of an nZVI treatment [~14% of As(III)], suggesting a partial reduction of As(V) to As(III) caused by nZVI oxidation.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; Australian Government’s Cooperative Research Centres Programme; Australian Research Council (ARC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1228097
Journal Information:
Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 49, Issue 22; ISSN 0013-936X
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 33 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (2)

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
redox reactions
soils
phosphates
minerals
bioaccessibility