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Title: Does elevated CO2 alter silica uptake in trees?

Abstract

Human activities have greatly altered global carbon (C) and Nitrogen (N) cycling. In fact, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) have increased 40% over the last century and the amount of N cycling in the biosphere has more than doubled. In an effort to understand how plants will respond to continued global CO2 fertilization, longterm free-air CO2 enrichment experiments have been conducted at sites around the globe. Here we examine how atmospheric CO2 enrichment and N fertilization affects the uptake of silicon (Si) in the Duke Forest, North Carolina, a stand dominated by Pinus taeda (loblolly pine), and five hardwood species. Specifically, we measured foliar biogenic silica concentrations in five deciduous and one coniferous species across three treatments: CO2 enrichment, N enrichment, and N and CO2 enrichment. We found no consistent trends in foliar Si concentration under elevated CO2, N fertilization, or combined elevated CO2 and N fertilization. However, two-thirds of the tree species studied here have Si foliar concentrations greater than well-known Si accumulators, such as grasses. Based on net primary production values and aboveground Si concentrations in these trees, we calculated forest Si uptake rates under control and elevated CO2 concentrations. Due largely to increased primary production, elevatedmore » CO2 enhanced the magnitude of Si uptake between 20 and 26%, likely intensifying the terrestrial silica pump. This uptake of Si by forests has important implications for Si export from terrestrial systems, with the potential to impact C sequestration and higher trophic levels in downstream ecosystems.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [1]
  1. Boston Univ., MA (United States)
  2. The Ecosystems Center, Woods Hole, MA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Associated Universities, Inc., Washington, DC (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); Sloan Foundation, New York, NY (United States); National Institute for Global Environmental Change (NIGEC), New Orleans, LA (United States); Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, AL (United States). Southeast Regional Center (SERC)
OSTI Identifier:
1204502
Grant/Contract Number:  
FG02-97ER25308
Resource Type:
Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Frontiers in Plant Science
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-462X
Publisher:
Frontiers Research Foundation
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; elevated CO2; silicon; forest Si uptake; terrestrial Si pump; active Si accumulation; Si cycling

Citation Formats

Fulweiler, Robinson W., Maguire, Timothy J., Carey, Joanna C., and Finzi, Adrien C. Does elevated CO2 alter silica uptake in trees?. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.3389/fpls.2014.00793.
Fulweiler, Robinson W., Maguire, Timothy J., Carey, Joanna C., & Finzi, Adrien C. Does elevated CO2 alter silica uptake in trees?. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00793
Fulweiler, Robinson W., Maguire, Timothy J., Carey, Joanna C., and Finzi, Adrien C. 2015. "Does elevated CO2 alter silica uptake in trees?". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00793. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1204502.
@article{osti_1204502,
title = {Does elevated CO2 alter silica uptake in trees?},
author = {Fulweiler, Robinson W. and Maguire, Timothy J. and Carey, Joanna C. and Finzi, Adrien C.},
abstractNote = {Human activities have greatly altered global carbon (C) and Nitrogen (N) cycling. In fact, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) have increased 40% over the last century and the amount of N cycling in the biosphere has more than doubled. In an effort to understand how plants will respond to continued global CO2 fertilization, longterm free-air CO2 enrichment experiments have been conducted at sites around the globe. Here we examine how atmospheric CO2 enrichment and N fertilization affects the uptake of silicon (Si) in the Duke Forest, North Carolina, a stand dominated by Pinus taeda (loblolly pine), and five hardwood species. Specifically, we measured foliar biogenic silica concentrations in five deciduous and one coniferous species across three treatments: CO2 enrichment, N enrichment, and N and CO2 enrichment. We found no consistent trends in foliar Si concentration under elevated CO2, N fertilization, or combined elevated CO2 and N fertilization. However, two-thirds of the tree species studied here have Si foliar concentrations greater than well-known Si accumulators, such as grasses. Based on net primary production values and aboveground Si concentrations in these trees, we calculated forest Si uptake rates under control and elevated CO2 concentrations. Due largely to increased primary production, elevated CO2 enhanced the magnitude of Si uptake between 20 and 26%, likely intensifying the terrestrial silica pump. This uptake of Si by forests has important implications for Si export from terrestrial systems, with the potential to impact C sequestration and higher trophic levels in downstream ecosystems.},
doi = {10.3389/fpls.2014.00793},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1204502}, journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
issn = {1664-462X},
number = ,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jan 13 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Tue Jan 13 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}

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Cited by: 20 works
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Works referenced in this record:

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Significant silicon accumulation by marine picocyanobacteria
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Long-term Effects of Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) on Soil Respiration
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Human activities directly alter watershed dissolved silica fluxes
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Nitrogen enrichment increases net silica accumulation in a temperate salt marsh
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Anthropogenic impact on amorphous silica pools in temperate soils
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Terrestrial ecosystems and the global biogeochemical silica cycle: GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL SILICA CYCLE
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Deforestation causes increased dissolved silicate losses in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
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Tree species impact the terrestrial cycle of silicon through various uptakes
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Contrasting silicon uptakes by coniferous trees: a hydroponic experiment on young seedlings
journal, June 2010


Elevated CO 2 reduces the nitrogen concentration of plant tissues
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Elevated CO2 affects field decomposition rate and palatability of tree leaf litter: Importance of changes in substrate quality
journal, October 1998


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journal, October 1981


Biological control of terrestrial silica cycling and export fluxes to watersheds
journal, February 2005


Silicon
journal, June 1999


PROGRESSIVE NITROGEN LIMITATION OF ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES UNDER ELEVATED CO 2 IN A WARM-TEMPERATE FOREST
journal, January 2006


Increases in nitrogen uptake rather than nitrogen-use efficiency support higher rates of temperate forest productivity under elevated CO2
journal, August 2007


Terrestrial vegetation and the seasonal cycleof dissolved silica in a southern New Englandcoastal river
journal, May 2005


Modelling the biogeochemical cycle of silicon in soils: Application to a temperate forest ecosystem
journal, February 2008


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Effects of elevated CO2 and water stress on mineral concentration of cotton
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Carbon allocation in forest ecosystems
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Rising atmospheric CO2 and human nutrition: toward globally imbalanced plant stoichiometry?
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Role of Root Hairs and Lateral Roots in Silicon Uptake by Rice
journal, December 2001


Transporters of arsenite in rice and their role in arsenic accumulation in rice grain
journal, July 2008


Global climate change and terrestrial net primary production
journal, May 1993


The Structure, Distribution, and Biomass of the World's Forests
journal, November 2013


Soil carbon sequestration in phytoliths
journal, January 2005


Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations over the past 60 million years
journal, August 2000


The Transport and Function of Silicon in Plants
journal, May 1983


Effects of long-term CO 2 enrichment and nutrient availability in Norway spruce. II. Foliar chemistry
journal, July 1999


Interannual Variation in Phytoplankton Primary Production at A Global Scale
journal, December 2013


Biogenic silica: a neglected component of the coupled global continental biogeochemical cycles of carbon and silicon
journal, August 2008


Effects of elevated CO 2 on the protein concentration of food crops: a meta-analysis
journal, March 2008


The World Ocean Silica Cycle
journal, January 2013


Agricultural silica harvest: have humans created a new loop in the global silica cycle?
journal, June 2012


Hydraulic time constants for transpiration of loblolly pine at a free-air carbon dioxide enrichment site
journal, November 2012


Plant-herbivore interactions: silicon concentration in tussock sedges and population dynamics of root voles
journal, September 2014


A Transporter Regulating Silicon Distribution in Rice Shoots
journal, May 2008


Biogenic silica: a neglected component of the coupled global continental biogeochemical cycles of carbon and silicon
journal, August 2008


Silicate Weathering and Climate
book, January 1997


Effects of long-term CO 2 enrichment and nutrient availability in Norway spruce. II. Foliar chemistry
journal, July 1999


Terrestrial vegetation and the seasonal cycleof dissolved silica in a southern New Englandcoastal river
journal, May 2005


Long-term Effects of Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) on Soil Respiration
journal, January 2006


Tree species impact the terrestrial cycle of silicon through various uptakes
journal, September 2009


Human activities directly alter watershed dissolved silica fluxes
journal, November 2011


Watershed land use alters riverine silica cycling
journal, August 2012


Lithologic and climatologic controls of river chemistry
journal, May 1994


Effects of elevated CO2 and water stress on mineral concentration of cotton
journal, September 1994


Soil carbon sequestration in phytoliths
journal, January 2005


Terrestrial ecosystems and the global biogeochemical silica cycle: GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL SILICA CYCLE
journal, December 2002


Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations over the past 60 million years
journal, August 2000


Global climate change and terrestrial net primary production
journal, May 1993


Biological control of terrestrial silica cycling and export fluxes to watersheds
journal, February 2005


Significant silicon accumulation by marine picocyanobacteria
journal, November 2012


Elevated CO 2 reduces the nitrogen concentration of plant tissues
journal, January 1998


Increases in nitrogen uptake rather than nitrogen-use efficiency support higher rates of temperate forest productivity under elevated CO2
journal, August 2007


Transporters of arsenite in rice and their role in arsenic accumulation in rice grain
journal, July 2008


The anomaly of silicon in plant biology.
journal, January 1994


Phylogenetic Variation in the Silicon Composition of Plants
journal, September 2005


Hydraulic time constants for transpiration of loblolly pine at a free-air carbon dioxide enrichment site
journal, November 2012


Role of Root Hairs and Lateral Roots in Silicon Uptake by Rice
journal, December 2001


A Transporter Regulating Silicon Distribution in Rice Shoots
journal, May 2008


Plant-herbivore interactions: silicon concentration in tussock sedges and population dynamics of root voles
journal, September 2014


Carbon allocation in forest ecosystems
journal, October 2007


Effects of elevated CO 2 on the protein concentration of food crops: a meta-analysis
journal, March 2008


Deforestation causes increased dissolved silicate losses in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
journal, September 2008


The Structure, Distribution, and Biomass of the World's Forests
journal, November 2013


The World Ocean Silica Cycle
journal, January 2013


Silicon
journal, June 1999


The Terrestrial Silica Pump
journal, December 2012


PROGRESSIVE NITROGEN LIMITATION OF ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES UNDER ELEVATED CO 2 IN A WARM-TEMPERATE FOREST
journal, January 2006


Agricultural silica harvest: have humans created a new loop in the global silica cycle?
journal, June 2012


Effects of Forest Cutting and Herbicide Treatment on Nutrient Budgets in the Hubbard Brook Watershed-Ecosystem
journal, January 1970


Nitrogen enrichment increases net silica accumulation in a temperate salt marsh
journal, November 2012


Anthropogenic impact on amorphous silica pools in temperate soils
journal, January 2011


Works referencing / citing this record:

Plant Uptake Offsets Silica Release From a Large Arctic Tundra Wildfire
journal, September 2019


Human appropriation of biogenic silicon - the increasing role of agriculture
journal, September 2015


Soil processes drive the biological silicon feedback loop
journal, December 2015


The functional ecology of plant silicon: geoscience to genes
journal, December 2015


Soil Warming Accelerates Biogeochemical Silica Cycling in a Temperate Forest
journal, September 2019