A Hierarchical Framework for Demand-Side Frequency Control

Conference · Mon Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2014

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/ACC.2014.6859304· OSTI ID:1159026

Moya, Christian; Zhang, Wei; Lian, Jianming; Kalsi, Karanjit

With large-scale plans to integrate renewable generation, more resources will be needed to compensate for the uncertainty associated with intermittent generation resources. Under such conditions, performing frequency control using only supply-side resources become not only prohibitively expensive but also technically difficult. It is therefore important to explore how a sufficient proportion of the loads could assume a routine role in frequency control to maintain the stability of the system at an acceptable cost. In this paper, a novel hierarchical decentralized framework for frequency based load control is proposed. The framework involves two decision layers. The top decision layer determines the optimal droop gain required from the aggregated load response on each bus using a robust decentralized control approach. The second layer consists of a large number of devices, which switch probabilistically during contingencies so that the aggregated power change matches the desired droop amount according to the updated gains. The proposed framework is based on the classical nonlinear multi-machine power system model, and can deal with timevarying system operating conditions while respecting the physical constraints of individual devices. Realistic simulation results based on a 68-bus system are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 1159026
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA-98607; TE1101000
• Resource Relation: Conference: American Control Conference (ACC 2014), June 4-6, 2014, Portland, Oregon, 52-57
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English