Time-domain modelling and thermometry of the CH4v1 Q-branch using hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
Abstract
Here, we present time-domain measurements and modelling of the CH4v1 vibrational Q-branch, as well as simultaneous temperature acquisition from the CH4 and N2 vibrational Q-branches using broadband hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps CARS). Accurate measurements with fs/ps CARS require knowledge of the time-domain response of the probed molecule at different temperatures and pressures. In this work, a fs/ps CARS model was developed for theCH4v1 Q-branch and validated using time-resolved probe delay scans at pressures between 70 and 600 Torr and temperatures between 295 and 1000 K. A simplified modified exponential energy gap model was used to determine the linewidths of the Raman transitions within the Q-branch. Total Q-branch linewidths for the entire explored parameter space were also determined from the probe delay scans. This enabled quantitative measurements of CH4 with fs/ps CARS as well as the temperature through the hot bands of the CH4v1 Q-branch. With a broadband fs laser pulse in a two-beam phase matching scheme, the N2 Q-branch and CH4v1 Q-branch were simultaneously measured in a heated cell, and the temperatures from each molecule's spectra was evaluated. Here, the fitted temperatures corresponded well with differences ranging from 4 to 17%. It was also shown that exchangingmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[4];
- Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Princeton Univ., NJ (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Princeton Univ., NJ (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1906179
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1775650; OSTI ID: 1810632
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0020233; SC0014664; NA0003525; FE0026825; CBET-1903362; CBET-2029425
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Combustion and Flame
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 224; Journal ID: ISSN 0010-2180
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; laser diagnostics; coherent anti-Stokes raman scattering; thermometry; femtosecond/picosecond CARS; methane; ultrafast spectroscopy
Citation Formats
Chen, Timothy Y., Kliewer, Christopher J., Goldberg, Benjamin M., Kolemen, Egemen, and Ju, Yiguang. Time-domain modelling and thermometry of the CH4v1 Q-branch using hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.11.017.
Chen, Timothy Y., Kliewer, Christopher J., Goldberg, Benjamin M., Kolemen, Egemen, & Ju, Yiguang. Time-domain modelling and thermometry of the CH4v1 Q-branch using hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.11.017
Chen, Timothy Y., Kliewer, Christopher J., Goldberg, Benjamin M., Kolemen, Egemen, and Ju, Yiguang. Sat .
"Time-domain modelling and thermometry of the CH4v1 Q-branch using hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.11.017. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1906179.
@article{osti_1906179,
title = {Time-domain modelling and thermometry of the CH4v1 Q-branch using hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering},
author = {Chen, Timothy Y. and Kliewer, Christopher J. and Goldberg, Benjamin M. and Kolemen, Egemen and Ju, Yiguang},
abstractNote = {Here, we present time-domain measurements and modelling of the CH4v1 vibrational Q-branch, as well as simultaneous temperature acquisition from the CH4 and N2 vibrational Q-branches using broadband hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps CARS). Accurate measurements with fs/ps CARS require knowledge of the time-domain response of the probed molecule at different temperatures and pressures. In this work, a fs/ps CARS model was developed for theCH4v1 Q-branch and validated using time-resolved probe delay scans at pressures between 70 and 600 Torr and temperatures between 295 and 1000 K. A simplified modified exponential energy gap model was used to determine the linewidths of the Raman transitions within the Q-branch. Total Q-branch linewidths for the entire explored parameter space were also determined from the probe delay scans. This enabled quantitative measurements of CH4 with fs/ps CARS as well as the temperature through the hot bands of the CH4v1 Q-branch. With a broadband fs laser pulse in a two-beam phase matching scheme, the N2 Q-branch and CH4v1 Q-branch were simultaneously measured in a heated cell, and the temperatures from each molecule's spectra was evaluated. Here, the fitted temperatures corresponded well with differences ranging from 4 to 17%. It was also shown that exchanging 90% of CH4 for N2 or Ar at 295 K and 500 Torr did not significantly impact the normalized time-domain signal prior to a 100 picosecond probe delay. Spatially resolved one-dimensional (1-D) thermometry using the CH4 Q-branch was also demonstrated with an imaged spatial resolution of 40 µm. With the developed model, 1-D quantitative measurements of CH4 concentration and temperature can be measured with time resolution of tens of picoseconds.},
doi = {10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.11.017},
journal = {Combustion and Flame},
number = ,
volume = 224,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Sat Dec 05 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
On the Formation and Accumulation of Solid Carbon Particles in High-Enthalpy Flows Mimicking Re-Entry in the Titan Atmosphere
journal, June 2020
- Esposito, Antonio; Lappa, Marcello; Zuppardi, Gennaro
- Fluids, Vol. 5, Issue 2
The methane Raman spectrum from 1200 to 5500cm−1: A first step toward temperature diagnostic using methane as a probe molecule in combustion systems
journal, October 2005
- Jourdanneau, Eric; Chaussard, Frederic; Saint-Loup, Robert
- Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, Vol. 233, Issue 2
Tunable diode-laser absorption measurements of methane at elevated temperatures
journal, January 1996
- Nagali, V.; Chou, S. I.; Baer, D. S.
- Applied Optics, Vol. 35, Issue 21
Time- and frequency-dependent model of time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) with a picosecond-duration probe pulse
journal, January 2014
- Stauffer, Hans U.; Miller, Joseph D.; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 140, Issue 2
Picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy of molecules in free jet expansions
journal, January 1984
- Graener, H.; Nibler, J. W.; Laubereau, A.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 5
State‐to‐state rotational energy transfer measurements in methane (CHD 3 ) by infrared double resonance with a tunable diode laser
journal, April 1994
- Klaassen, J. J.; Coy, S. L.; Steinfeld, J. I.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 100, Issue 8
Multiparameter spatio-thermochemical probing of flame–wall interactions advanced with coherent Raman imaging
journal, January 2017
- Bohlin, Alexis; Jainski, Christopher; Patterson, Brian D.
- Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 36, Issue 3
Plasma dry reforming of methane in an atmospheric pressure AC gliding arc discharge: Co-generation of syngas and carbon nanomaterials
journal, June 2014
- Tu, Xin; Whitehead, J. Christopher
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 39, Issue 18
Non-thermal plasma catalysis of methane: Principles, energy efficiency, and applications
journal, August 2013
- Nozaki, Tomohiro; Okazaki, Ken
- Catalysis Today, Vol. 211
A Review of the Theory and Application of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS)
journal, July 1977
- Tolles, W. M.; Nibler, J. W.; McDonald, J. R.
- Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 31, Issue 4
One-dimensional vibrational coherent anti-Stokes Raman-scattering thermometry
journal, January 1996
- Jonuscheit, J.; Thumann, A.; Schenk, M.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 21, Issue 19
Direct measurement of rotationally resolved H2 Q-branch Raman coherence lifetimes using time-resolved picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
journal, August 2010
- Kulatilaka, Waruna D.; Hsu, Paul S.; Stauffer, Hans U.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 8
1-D imaging of rotation-vibration non-equilibrium from pure rotational ultrafast coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
journal, January 2020
- Chen, Timothy Y.; Goldberg, Benjamin M.; Patterson, Brian D.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 15
Revised analysis of the structure of the v1 band of methane
journal, August 1983
- Frunder, H.; Illig, D.; Finsterhölzl, H.
- Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 1
Development of simultaneous frequency- and time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for ultrafast detection of molecular Raman spectra
journal, July 2006
- Prince, Benjamin D.; Chakraborty, Abhijit; Prince, Beth M.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 125, Issue 4
Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering at flame temperatures using a second-harmonic bandwidth-compressed probe
journal, January 2013
- Kearney, Sean P.; Scoglietti, Daniel J.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 38, Issue 6
Pressure-induced narrowing of the cars spectrum of N2
journal, October 1980
- Hall, Robert J.; Verdieck, James F.; Eckbreth, Alan C.
- Optics Communications, Vol. 35, Issue 1
The methane ν1(a1) vibrational state rotational structure obtained from high-resolution CARS-spectra of the Q-branch
journal, July 1979
- Kozlov, D. N.; Prokhorov, A. M.; Smirnov, V. V.
- Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, Vol. 77, Issue 1
High-pressure pure rotational CARS: comparison of temperature measurements with O 2 , N 2 and synthetic air: High-pressure pure rotational CARS
journal, December 2003
- Seeger, T.; Beyrau, F.; Bräuer, A.
- Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, Vol. 34, Issue 12
Communication: Time-domain measurement of high-pressure N2 and O2 self-broadened linewidths using hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
journal, November 2011
- Miller, Joseph D.; Roy, Sukesh; Gord, James R.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 135, Issue 20
State‐to‐state rotational energy transfer measurements in silane by infrared double resonance with a tunable diode laser
journal, June 1990
- Hetzler, J. R.; Steinfeld, J. I.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 92, Issue 12
Design and characterization of a Raman-scattering-based sensor system for temporally resolved gas analysis and its application in a gas turbine power plant
journal, July 2008
- Kiefer, J.; Seeger, T.; Steuer, S.
- Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 19, Issue 8
Rotational energy relaxation in CH 4 and CH 4 -He, Ar collisions calculated from coherent and stimulated Raman spectroscopy data
journal, April 2002
- Strekalov, Mikhail L.
- Molecular Physics, Vol. 100, Issue 7
Broadband fitting approach for the application of supercontinuum broadband laser absorption spectroscopy to combustion environments
journal, December 2015
- Blume, Niels Göran; Ebert, Volker; Dreizler, Andreas
- Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 27, Issue 1
Diode laser absorption measurements of CH_3Cl and CH_4 near 165 µm
journal, January 1997
- Chou, Shang-I; Baer, Douglas S.; Hanson, Ronald K.
- Applied Optics, Vol. 36, Issue 15
Overcoming ammonia synthesis scaling relations with plasma-enabled catalysis
journal, April 2018
- Mehta, Prateek; Barboun, Patrick; Herrera, Francisco A.
- Nature Catalysis, Vol. 1, Issue 4
The ground state of methane 12CH4 through the forbidden lines of the ν3 band
journal, August 1975
- Tarrago, G.; Dang-Nhu, M.; Poussigue, G.
- Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, Vol. 57, Issue 2
Time-domain measurements of S-branch N2–N2 Raman linewidths using picosecond pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy
journal, May 2012
- Kliewer, C. J.; Bohlin, A.; Nordström, E.
- Applied Physics B, Vol. 108, Issue 2
Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond pure rotational anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy of nitrogen at high pressures (1–70 atm) and temperatures (300–1000 K)
journal, March 2019
- Courtney, Trevor L.; Mecker, Nils Torge; Patterson, Brian D.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 10
CARS Concentration Sensitivity With and Without Nonresonant Background Suppression
journal, January 1981
- Eckbreth, Alan C.; Hall, Robert J.
- Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 25, Issue 5-6
CARS-Background suppression by phase-controlled nonlinear interferometry
journal, July 1990
- Marowsky, G.; L�pke, G.
- Applied Physics B Photophysics and Laser Chemistry, Vol. 51, Issue 1
High resolution Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy with ultrashort laser pulses
journal, June 1985
- Graener, H.; Laubereau, A.
- Optics Communications, Vol. 54, Issue 3
Methane concentration and isotopic composition measurements with a mid-infrared quantum-cascade laser
journal, January 1999
- Kosterev, A. A.; Curl, R. F.; Tittel, F. K.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 24, Issue 23
The Thermal Decomposition of Methane. I. Kinetics of the Primary Decompositionto C 2 H6 + H 2 ; Rate Constant for the Homogeneous Unimolecular Dissociation of Methane and its Pressure Dependence
journal, December 1975
- Chen, C. -J.; Back, M. H.; Back, R. A.
- Canadian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 53, Issue 23
A test of different rotational Raman linewidth models: Accuracy of rotational coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering thermometry in nitrogen from 295 to 1850 K
journal, August 1993
- Martinsson, Lars; Bengtsson, Per‐Erik; Aldén, Marcus
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 99, Issue 4
Low‐power cw generation of coherent anti‐Stokes Raman radiation in CH 4 gas
journal, August 1975
- Barrett, J. J.; Begley, R. F.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 27, Issue 3
Communication: Simplified two-beam rotational CARS signal generation demonstrated in 1D
journal, February 2013
- Bohlin, Alexis; Patterson, Brian D.; Kliewer, Christopher J.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 138, Issue 8
Calculation of converged rovibrational energies and partition function for methane using vibrational–rotational configuration interaction
journal, August 2004
- Chakraborty, Arindam; Truhlar, Donald G.; Bowman, Joel M.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 121, Issue 5
Development of rotational CARS for combustion diagnostics using a polarization approach
journal, January 2007
- Vestin, Fredrik; Afzelius, Mikael; Bengtsson, Per-Erik
- Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 31, Issue 1
Rovibrational hybrid fs/ps CARS using a volume Bragg grating for N_2 thermometry
journal, January 2016
- Scherman, M.; Nafa, M.; Schmid, T.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 41, Issue 3
Direct measurement of the Rayleigh scattering cross section in various gases
journal, May 2005
- Sneep, Maarten; Ubachs, Wim
- Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 92, Issue 3
Raman cross section of some simple gases
journal, January 1973
- Fenner, Wayne R.; Hyatt, Howard A.; Kellam, John M.
- Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 63, Issue 1
State‐to‐state rotational energy transfer in methane ( 1 3 CD 4 ) from infrared double‐resonance experiments with a tunable diode laser
journal, June 1988
- Foy, B.; Hetzler, J.; Millot, G.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 88, Issue 11
Direct measurements of collisionally broadened Raman linewidths of CO 2 S -branch transitions
journal, January 2013
- Roy, Sukesh; Hsu, Paul S.; Jiang, Naibo
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 138, Issue 2
Local extinction and near-field structure in piloted turbulent CH4/air jet flames with inhomogeneous inlets
journal, October 2015
- Barlow, R. S.; Meares, S.; Magnotti, G.
- Combustion and Flame, Vol. 162, Issue 10
Dielectric-barrier-discharge plasma-assisted hydrogen diffusion flame. Part 1: Temperature, oxygen, and fuel measurements by one-dimensional fs/ps rotational CARS imaging
journal, May 2018
- Retter, Jonathan E.; Elliott, Gregory S.; Kearney, Sean P.
- Combustion and Flame, Vol. 191
Quantifying methane vibrational and rotational temperature with Raman scattering
journal, October 2019
- Butterworth, T. D.; Amyay, B.; Bekerom, D. v. d.
- Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 236
Direct measurement of rotational and vibrational relaxation in methane overtone levels by time‐resolved infrared double‐resonance spectroscopy
journal, December 1994
- Klaassen, Jody J.; Coy, Stephen L.; Steinfeld, Jeffrey I.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 101, Issue 12
Relating the Lorentzian and exponential: Fermi’s approximation, the Fourier transform, and causality
journal, July 2002
- Bohm, A.; Harshman, N. L.; Walther, H.
- Physical Review A, Vol. 66, Issue 1
Rotational coherence beating in molecular oxygen: Coupling between electronic spin and nuclear angular momenta
journal, December 2018
- Courtney, Trevor L.; Kliewer, Christopher J.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 149, Issue 23
Collision effects in nitrogen and methane coherent anti‐Stokes Raman isotropic Q ‐branch spectra at high densities
journal, September 1996
- Ridder, M.; Suvernev, A. A.; Dreier, T.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 105, Issue 9
High-resolution q-cw SRS spectrum of 12CH4 in the region of the level crossing between ν1 and ν2 + ν4
journal, November 1992
- Bermejo, D.; Santos, J.; Cancio, P.
- Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, Vol. 156, Issue 1
Two-beam femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for thermometry on CO 2
journal, January 2017
- Kerstan, M.; Makos, I.; Nolte, S.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 110, Issue 2
Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for high-speed CH 4 /N 2 measurements in binary gas mixtures : Hybrid fs/ps CARS for high-speed CH
journal, February 2013
- Engel, Sascha R.; Miller, Joseph D.; Dedic, Chloe E.
- Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, Vol. 44, Issue 10
The HITRAN2016 molecular spectroscopic database
journal, December 2017
- Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; Hill, C.
- Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 203
High-precision direct measurements of ^13CH_4/^12CH_4 and ^12CH_3D/^12CH_4 ratios in atmospheric methane sources by means of a long-path tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer
journal, January 1994
- Bergamaschi, Peter; Schupp, Michael; Harris, Geoffrey W.
- Applied Optics, Vol. 33, Issue 33
Technical overview of compressed natural gas (CNG) as a transportation fuel
journal, November 2015
- Khan, Muhammad Imran; Yasmin, Tabassum; Shakoor, Abdul
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 51
Review of catalysis and plasma performance on dry reforming of CH4 and possible synergistic effects
journal, September 2016
- Chung, Wei-Chieh; Chang, Moo-Been
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 62
Experimental and theoretical study of line mixing in methane spectra. III. The Q branch of the Raman ν1 band
journal, January 2000
- Pieroni, D.; Hartmann, J. -M.; Chaussard, F.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 112, Issue 3
CARS methane spectra: Experiments and simulations for temperature diagnostic purposes
journal, December 2007
- Jourdanneau, Eric; Gabard, Tony; Chaussard, Frédéric
- Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, Vol. 246, Issue 2
Interference-free mid-IR laser absorption detection of methane
journal, January 2011
- Pyun, Sung Hyun; Cho, Jungwan; Davidson, David F.
- Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 22, Issue 2
Two-beam ultrabroadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy for high resolution gas-phase multiplex imaging
journal, January 2014
- Bohlin, Alexis; Kliewer, Christopher J.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 3
Optimizing the Laser-Pulse Configuration for Coherent Raman Spectroscopy
journal, April 2007
- Pestov, D.; Murawski, R. K.; Ariunbold, G. O.
- Science, Vol. 316, Issue 5822
Reactivity of Some Metal Oxides Supported on Alumina with Alternating Methane and Oxygen - Application for Chemical-Looping Combustion
journal, May 2003
- Mattisson, Tobias; Järdnäs, Anders; Lyngfelt, Anders
- Energy & Fuels, Vol. 17, Issue 3, p. 643-651
High-sensitivity interference-free diagnostic for measurement of methane in shock tubes
journal, May 2015
- Sur, Ritobrata; Wang, Shengkai; Sun, Kai
- Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 156
Theoretical and experimental studies of high-resolution inverse Raman spectra of molecular nitrogen at 1-10 atm
journal, January 1987
- Koszykowski, M. L.; Rahn, L. A.; Palmer, R. E.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 91, Issue 1
CARS spectroscopy of CH4 for implication of temperature measurements in supercritical LOX/CH4 combustion
journal, January 2007
- Grisch, F.; Bertseva, E.; Habiballah, M.
- Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Time-Resolved IR−IR Double Resonance Measurements in Methane Excited to 2ν 3 (F 2 )
journal, June 2000
- Menard-Bourcin, F.; Doyennette, L.; Menard, J.
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 104, Issue 23
CO2 reforming of CH4 over nanocrystalline zirconia-supported nickel catalysts
journal, January 2008
- Rezaei, M.; Alavi, S. M.; Sahebdelfar, S.
- Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 77, Issue 3-4
Communication: Two-dimensional gas-phase coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (2D-CARS): Simultaneous planar imaging and multiplex spectroscopy in a single laser shot
journal, June 2013
- Bohlin, Alexis; Kliewer, Christopher J.
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 138, Issue 22
Raman spectra of methane, ethylene, ethane, dimethyl ether, formaldehyde and propane for combustion applications
journal, September 2015
- Magnotti, G.; Kc, U.; Varghese, P. L.
- Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 163
Spherical top data system (STDS) software for the simulation of spherical top spectra
journal, March 1998
- Wenger, Ch.; Champion, J. P.
- Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 59, Issue 3-5
One-Step Reforming of CO 2 and CH 4 into High-Value Liquid Chemicals and Fuels at Room Temperature by Plasma-Driven Catalysis
journal, September 2017
- Wang, Li; Yi, Yanhui; Wu, Chunfei
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 56, Issue 44