Cantor-derived medium-entropy alloys: bridging the gap between traditional metallic and high-entropy alloys

Garcia Filho, Fabio da Costa; Ritchie, Robert O.; Meyers, Marc André; Monteiro, Sergio Neves

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.118

Title: Cantor-derived medium-entropy alloys: bridging the gap between traditional metallic and high-entropy alloys

Abstract

The year 2004 marked the beginning of a new era in the design of metallic materials, as the concept of multiple principal component alloys, commonly known as High-Entropy Alloys (HEAs), was proposed by Cantor and Yeh. The unexpected single-phase microstructure, instead of the expected brittle intermetallic compounds, was attributed to the large entropy of mixing and immediately caught the attention of the scientific community. Today, HEAs are considered important advanced materials and a broad range of alloys using nominally the same design principle have been investigated. Despite that, the CrMnFeCoNi (Cantor) alloy stands out as the most successful HEA due to its outstanding mechanical properties and microstructure. In this scenario, variants of the Cantor alloy, named medium-entropy alloys (MEAs), are gaining significant interest as they display a better industrial potential than both HEAs and traditional alloys. These variants of the Cantor alloy with only three or four main elements result in 15 possible combinations. The microstructure of these alloys is discussed in terms of advanced characterization as well as thermodynamic parameters and computational simulation. Their phase stability is addressed over a wide range of temperatures and strain rates. The mechanical properties, especially the fracture toughness, of the CrFeCoNi and CrCoNimore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4]

Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

Publication Date:: Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2022

Research Org.:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; FAPERJ; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)

OSTI Identifier:: 1885459

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; NA0003842; E-26/200.650/2021; 88881.361735/2019-01; 140178/2019-8

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Journal of Materials Research and Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 17; Journal ID: ISSN 2238-7854

Publisher:: Brazilian Metallurgical, Materials and Mining Association

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; High-entropy alloys; Medium-entropy alloys; Mechanical properties; Microstructure; Cantor alloy

Citation Formats


                    Garcia Filho, Fabio da Costa, Ritchie, Robert O., Meyers, Marc André, and Monteiro, Sergio Neves. Cantor-derived medium-entropy alloys: bridging the gap between traditional metallic and high-entropy alloys.  United States: N. p., 2022. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.118.

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                    Garcia Filho, Fabio da Costa, Ritchie, Robert O., Meyers, Marc André, & Monteiro, Sergio Neves. Cantor-derived medium-entropy alloys: bridging the gap between traditional metallic and high-entropy alloys.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.118

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                    Garcia Filho, Fabio da Costa, Ritchie, Robert O., Meyers, Marc André, and Monteiro, Sergio Neves. Tue .  
"Cantor-derived medium-entropy alloys: bridging the gap between traditional metallic and high-entropy alloys".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.118.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1885459.

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@article{osti_1885459,

  title        = {Cantor-derived medium-entropy alloys: bridging the gap between traditional metallic and high-entropy alloys},

  author       = {Garcia Filho, Fabio da Costa and Ritchie, Robert O. and Meyers, Marc André and Monteiro, Sergio Neves},

  abstractNote = {The year 2004 marked the beginning of a new era in the design of metallic materials, as the concept of multiple principal component alloys, commonly known as High-Entropy Alloys (HEAs), was proposed by Cantor and Yeh. The unexpected single-phase microstructure, instead of the expected brittle intermetallic compounds, was attributed to the large entropy of mixing and immediately caught the attention of the scientific community. Today, HEAs are considered important advanced materials and a broad range of alloys using nominally the same design principle have been investigated. Despite that, the CrMnFeCoNi (Cantor) alloy stands out as the most successful HEA due to its outstanding mechanical properties and microstructure. In this scenario, variants of the Cantor alloy, named medium-entropy alloys (MEAs), are gaining significant interest as they display a better industrial potential than both HEAs and traditional alloys. These variants of the Cantor alloy with only three or four main elements result in 15 possible combinations. The microstructure of these alloys is discussed in terms of advanced characterization as well as thermodynamic parameters and computational simulation. Their phase stability is addressed over a wide range of temperatures and strain rates. The mechanical properties, especially the fracture toughness, of the CrFeCoNi and CrCoNi alloys have been reported to be even superior to those of the Cantor alloy and most modern engineering alloys. This is associated with the formation of a continuous sequence of strengthening mechanisms, including hierarchical twin networks, which serve to prolong the strain hardening. The present article reviews and critically assesses, for the first time, recent advances in these Cantor-derived MEAs.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.118},

  journal      = {Journal of Materials Research and Technology},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 17,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2022},

  month        = {Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2022}

}

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A critical review of high entropy alloys and related concepts
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DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.081

Phase stability of an high-entropy Al-Cr-Fe-Ni-V alloy with exceptional mechanical properties: First-principles and APT investigations
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Liu, Xuan; Sha, Gang; Wu, Qinli
Computational Materials Science, Vol. 170
DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2019.109161

Ultrahigh hardness and high electrical resistivity in nano-twinned, nanocrystalline high-entropy alloy films
journal, May 2018

Huo, Wenyi; Liu, Xiaodong; Tan, Shuyong
Applied Surface Science, Vol. 439
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.050

Dynamically reinforced heterogeneous grain structure prolongs ductility in a medium-entropy alloy with gigapascal yield strength
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Yang, Muxin; Yan, Dingshun; Yuan, Fuping
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 28
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1807817115

Precipitation behavior and its effects on tensile properties of FeCoNiCr high-entropy alloys
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He, J. Y.; Wang, H.; Wu, Y.
Intermetallics, Vol. 79
DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2016.09.005

Reducing the tension–compression yield asymmetry in a Mg–8Al–0.5Zn alloy via precipitation
journal, March 2010

Jain, J.; Poole, W. J.; Sinclair, C. W.
Scripta Materialia, Vol. 62, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.11.024

Ni tracer diffusion in CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys
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Vaidya, M.; Trubel, S.; Murty, B. S.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 688
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.07.239

Accelerated exploration of multi-principal element alloys with solid solution phases
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Senkov, O. N.; Miller, J. D.; Miracle, D. B.
Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7529

The effect of interstitial carbon on the mechanical properties and dislocation substructure evolution in Fe40.4Ni11.3Mn34.8Al7.5Cr6 high entropy alloys
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Wang, Zhangwei; Baker, Ian; Cai, Zhonghou
Acta Materialia, Vol. 120
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.072

Science and technology in high-entropy alloys
journal, January 2018

Zhang, Weiran; Liaw, Peter K.; Zhang, Yong
Science China Materials, Vol. 61, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1007/s40843-017-9195-8

Phase prediction in high entropy alloys – A kinetic approach
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Chattopadhyay, C.; Prasad, Anil; Murty, B. S.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 153
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2018.05.002

A novel concept of pseudo ternary diffusion couple for the estimation of diffusion coefficients in multicomponent systems
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Esakkiraja, Neelamegan; Paul, Aloke
Scripta Materialia, Vol. 147
DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.01.002

Microstructure evolution and critical stress for twinning in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
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Laplanche, G.; Kostka, A.; Horst, O. M.
Acta Materialia, Vol. 118
DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.07.038

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Title: Cantor-derived medium-entropy alloys: bridging the gap between traditional metallic and high-entropy alloys

Abstract

Citation Formats

Shear localization in metallic materials at high strain rates journal, June 2021

Enhanced strength and ductility in a high-entropy alloy via ordered oxygen complexes journal, November 2018

Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys journal, July 2004

First-principles prediction of incipient order in arbitrary high-entropy alloys: exemplified in Ti0.25CrFeNiAl journal, May 2020

Empirical design of single phase high-entropy alloys with high hardness journal, March 2015

Compositional dependence of phase formation and mechanical properties in three CoCrFeNi-(Mn/Al/Cu) high entropy alloys journal, December 2016

Multi-Principal-Element Alloys with Improved Oxidation and Wear Resistance for Thermal Spray Coating journal, February 2004

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Influence of severe plastic deformation on the microstructure and hardness of a CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy: A comparison with CoCrFeNiMn journal, August 2019

Molecular dynamic study of temperature dependence of mechanical properties and plastic inception of CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy journal, August 2020

Generalized stacking fault energies, ductilities, and twinnabilities of CoCrFeNi-based face-centered cubic high entropy alloys journal, October 2017

Interface affected zone for optimal strength and ductility in heterogeneous laminate journal, September 2018

A Regular Solution Model for a Single-Phase High Entropy and Enthalpy Alloy journal, July 2017

Atomistic clustering-ordering and high-strain deformation of an Al0.1CrCoFeNi high-entropy alloy journal, August 2016

Formation of simple crystal structures in Cu-Co-Ni-Cr-Al-Fe-Ti-V alloys with multiprincipal metallic elements journal, August 2004

Composition evolution of gamma prime nanoparticles in the Ti-doped CoFeCrNi high entropy alloy journal, April 2018

Effect of niobium alloying on the microstructure, phase stability and mechanical properties of CoCrFeNi2.1Nbx high entropy alloys: Experimentation and thermodynamic modeling journal, August 2020

Criterion for Sigma Phase Formation in Cr- and V-Containing High-Entropy Alloys journal, August 2013

Consideration of kinetics on intermetallics formation in solid-solution high entropy alloys journal, August 2020

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Effect of Cu on the strengthening and embrittling of an FeCoNiCr-xCu HEA journal, January 2022

Direct laser deposited bulk CoCrFeNiNbx high entropy alloys journal, November 2019

Effects of Boron Content on Microstructure and Wear Properties of FeCoCrNiBx High-Entropy Alloy Coating by Laser Cladding journal, December 2019

High-velocity deformation of Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy: Remarkable resistance to shear failure journal, February 2017

High-entropy alloys: a critical assessment of their founding principles and future prospects journal, April 2016

Investigations of quaternary interdiffusion in a constituent system of high entropy alloys journal, September 2015

Research Update: The materials genome initiative: Data sharing and the impact of collaborative ab initio databases journal, March 2016

Phase separation of metastable CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy at intermediate temperatures journal, January 2017

Structure of some CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeNiPd multicomponent HEA alloys by diffraction techniques journal, October 2016

Strengthening of nanoprecipitations in an annealed Al0.5CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy journal, August 2016

On the strain rate-dependent deformation mechanism of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy at liquid nitrogen temperature journal, May 2017

Micro- and mesoscale mechanical properties of an ultra-fine grained CrFeMnNi high entropy alloy produced by large strain machining journal, March 2020

Effect of Strain Rate on the Tensile Behavior of CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloys journal, June 2019

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Effects of Nb additions on the microstructure and mechanical property of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys journal, May 2015

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Pseudo-binary and pseudo-ternary diffusion couple methods for estimation of the diffusion coefficients in multicomponent systems and high entropy alloys journal, May 2019

Dislocation mechanisms and 3D twin architectures generate exceptional strength-ductility-toughness combination in CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy journal, February 2017

The origin of negative stacking fault energies and nano-twin formation in face-centered cubic high entropy alloys journal, March 2017

Chemical short range order strengthening in a model FCC high entropy alloy journal, May 2020

Effect of Ti on microstructures and mechanical properties of high entropy alloys based on CoFeMnNi system journal, November 2018

A TRIP-assisted dual-phase high-entropy alloy: Grain size and phase fraction effects on deformation behavior journal, June 2017

Physical metallurgy of concentrated solid solutions from low-entropy to high-entropy alloys journal, December 2017

Effect of annealing on mechanical properties of a nanocrystalline CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy processed by high-pressure torsion journal, October 2016

Strong Strain Hardening in Nanocrystalline Nickel journal, November 2009

Strengthening the CoCrFeNiNb0.25 high entropy alloy by FCC precipitate journal, May 2016

Constitutive modeling of deformation behavior of high-entropy alloys with face-centered cubic crystal structure journal, February 2017

Hall-petch relationship and heterogeneous strength of CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy journal, September 2020

Reversible dislocation movement, martensitic transformation and nano-twinning during elastic cyclic loading of a metastable high entropy alloy journal, February 2020

L1 2 -strengthened high-entropy alloys for advanced structural applications journal, June 2018

Fulfilling the promise of the materials genome initiative with high-throughput experimental methodologies journal, March 2017

Decomposition of the single-phase high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi after prolonged anneals at intermediate temperatures journal, June 2016

Exploration and Development of High Entropy Alloys for Structural Applications journal, January 2014

Reasons for the superior mechanical properties of medium-entropy CrCoNi compared to high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi journal, April 2017

Shear localization in metallic materials at high strain rates
journal, June 2021

Enhanced strength and ductility in a high-entropy alloy via ordered oxygen complexes
journal, November 2018

Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys
journal, July 2004

First-principles prediction of incipient order in arbitrary high-entropy alloys: exemplified in Ti0.25CrFeNiAl
journal, May 2020

Empirical design of single phase high-entropy alloys with high hardness
journal, March 2015

Compositional dependence of phase formation and mechanical properties in three CoCrFeNi-(Mn/Al/Cu) high entropy alloys
journal, December 2016

Multi-Principal-Element Alloys with Improved Oxidation and Wear Resistance for Thermal Spray Coating
journal, February 2004

Strain-rate-sensitive mechanical response, twinning, and texture features of NiCoCrFe high-entropy alloy: Experiments, multi-level crystal plasticity and artificial neural networks modeling
journal, December 2020

Influence of severe plastic deformation on the microstructure and hardness of a CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy: A comparison with CoCrFeNiMn
journal, August 2019

Molecular dynamic study of temperature dependence of mechanical properties and plastic inception of CoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy
journal, August 2020

Generalized stacking fault energies, ductilities, and twinnabilities of CoCrFeNi-based face-centered cubic high entropy alloys
journal, October 2017

Interface affected zone for optimal strength and ductility in heterogeneous laminate
journal, September 2018

A Regular Solution Model for a Single-Phase High Entropy and Enthalpy Alloy
journal, July 2017

Atomistic clustering-ordering and high-strain deformation of an Al0.1CrCoFeNi high-entropy alloy
journal, August 2016

Formation of simple crystal structures in Cu-Co-Ni-Cr-Al-Fe-Ti-V alloys with multiprincipal metallic elements
journal, August 2004

Composition evolution of gamma prime nanoparticles in the Ti-doped CoFeCrNi high entropy alloy
journal, April 2018

Effect of niobium alloying on the microstructure, phase stability and mechanical properties of CoCrFeNi2.1Nbx high entropy alloys: Experimentation and thermodynamic modeling
journal, August 2020

Criterion for Sigma Phase Formation in Cr- and V-Containing High-Entropy Alloys
journal, August 2013

Consideration of kinetics on intermetallics formation in solid-solution high entropy alloys
journal, August 2020

Polymorphism in a high-entropy alloy
journal, June 2017

Effect of Cu on the strengthening and embrittling of an FeCoNiCr-xCu HEA
journal, January 2022

Direct laser deposited bulk CoCrFeNiNbx high entropy alloys
journal, November 2019

Effects of Boron Content on Microstructure and Wear Properties of FeCoCrNiBx High-Entropy Alloy Coating by Laser Cladding
journal, December 2019

High-velocity deformation of Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy: Remarkable resistance to shear failure
journal, February 2017

High-entropy alloys: a critical assessment of their founding principles and future prospects
journal, April 2016

Investigations of quaternary interdiffusion in a constituent system of high entropy alloys
journal, September 2015

Research Update: The materials genome initiative: Data sharing and the impact of collaborative ab initio databases
journal, March 2016

Phase separation of metastable CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy at intermediate temperatures
journal, January 2017

Structure of some CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeNiPd multicomponent HEA alloys by diffraction techniques
journal, October 2016

Strengthening of nanoprecipitations in an annealed Al0.5CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy
journal, August 2016

On the strain rate-dependent deformation mechanism of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy at liquid nitrogen temperature
journal, May 2017

Micro- and mesoscale mechanical properties of an ultra-fine grained CrFeMnNi high entropy alloy produced by large strain machining
journal, March 2020

Effect of Strain Rate on the Tensile Behavior of CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloys
journal, June 2019

Overcoming the strength-ductility trade-off via the formation of nanoscale Cr-rich precipitates in an ultrafine-grained FCC CrFeNi medium entropy alloy matrix
journal, August 2019

Effects of Nb additions on the microstructure and mechanical property of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys
journal, May 2015

High entropy alloys: A focused review of mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms
journal, April 2020

Microstructure and mechanical properties of multiprincipal component CoCrFeNiMox alloys
journal, August 2012

A hexagonal close-packed high-entropy alloy: The effect of entropy
journal, April 2016

Amorphization in extreme deformation of the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
journal, January 2021

The effect of Cu and Mn elements on the mechanical properties of single-crystal CoCrFeNi-based high-entropy alloy under nanoindentation
journal, May 2021

Outstanding tensile properties of a precipitation-strengthened FeCoNiCrTi0.2 high-entropy alloy at room and cryogenic temperatures
journal, February 2019

Nanoindentation studies of the mechanical properties of the μ phase in a creep deformed Re containing nickel-based superalloy
journal, May 2015

Short-range order and its impact on the CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy
journal, May 2020

Adiabatic shear localization in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
journal, June 2018

Superplasticity of AlCoCrCuFeNi High Entropy Alloy
journal, December 2012

A study of dislocation junctions in FCC metals by an orientation dependent line tension model
journal, November 2002

The fcc solid solution stability in the Co-Cr-Fe-Mn-Ni multi-component system
journal, April 2017

Microstructure and strengthening mechanisms in an FCC structured single-phase nanocrystalline Co25Ni25Fe25Al7.5Cu17.5 high-entropy alloy
journal, April 2016

Tuning the mechanical properties of Fex(CoMoNi)100-x high-entropy alloys via controlled formation of hard μ phase
journal, January 2020

Back stress strengthening dual-phase AlCoCr2FeNi2 high entropy alloy with outstanding tensile properties
journal, February 2019

Portevin-Le Chatelier mechanism in face-centered-cubic metallic alloys from low to high entropy
journal, November 2019

Tracer Diffusion of Cobalt in High-Entropy Alloys Al$_{x}$FeNiCoCuCr
journal, August 2017

The Role of Carbon in Grain Refinement of Cast CrFeCoNi High-Entropy Alloys
journal, March 2018

Friction stress and Hall-Petch relationship in CoCrNi equi-atomic medium entropy alloy processed by severe plastic deformation and subsequent annealing
journal, June 2017

Phase evolution and stability of nanocrystalline CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys
journal, January 2019

Nanoindentation into a high-entropy alloy – An atomistic study
journal, September 2019

Tunable stacking fault energies by tailoring local chemical order in CrCoNi medium-entropy alloys
journal, August 2018

Precipitation in the equiatomic high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi
journal, March 2016

Body-Diagonal Diffusion Couples for High Entropy Alloys
journal, November 2017

Pseudo-binary and pseudo-ternary diffusion couple methods for estimation of the diffusion coefficients in multicomponent systems and high entropy alloys
journal, May 2019

Dislocation mechanisms and 3D twin architectures generate exceptional strength-ductility-toughness combination in CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy
journal, February 2017

The origin of negative stacking fault energies and nano-twin formation in face-centered cubic high entropy alloys
journal, March 2017

Chemical short range order strengthening in a model FCC high entropy alloy
journal, May 2020

Effect of Ti on microstructures and mechanical properties of high entropy alloys based on CoFeMnNi system
journal, November 2018

A TRIP-assisted dual-phase high-entropy alloy: Grain size and phase fraction effects on deformation behavior
journal, June 2017

Physical metallurgy of concentrated solid solutions from low-entropy to high-entropy alloys
journal, December 2017

Effect of annealing on mechanical properties of a nanocrystalline CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy processed by high-pressure torsion
journal, October 2016

Strong Strain Hardening in Nanocrystalline Nickel
journal, November 2009

Strengthening the CoCrFeNiNb0.25 high entropy alloy by FCC precipitate
journal, May 2016

Constitutive modeling of deformation behavior of high-entropy alloys with face-centered cubic crystal structure
journal, February 2017

Hall-petch relationship and heterogeneous strength of CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy
journal, September 2020

Reversible dislocation movement, martensitic transformation and nano-twinning during elastic cyclic loading of a metastable high entropy alloy
journal, February 2020

L1 ₂ -strengthened high-entropy alloys for advanced structural applications
journal, June 2018

Fulfilling the promise of the materials genome initiative with high-throughput experimental methodologies
journal, March 2017

Decomposition of the single-phase high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi after prolonged anneals at intermediate temperatures
journal, June 2016

Exploration and Development of High Entropy Alloys for Structural Applications
journal, January 2014

Reasons for the superior mechanical properties of medium-entropy CrCoNi compared to high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi
journal, April 2017

Absence of long-range chemical ordering in equimolar FeCoCrNi
journal, June 2012

Stacking fault energy of face-centered-cubic high entropy alloys
journal, February 2018

Effects of Constituent Elements and Fabrication Methods on Mechanical Behavior of High-Entropy Alloys: A Review
journal, October 2018