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Title: Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics

Abstract

We explore how to improve the hybrid model description of the particles originating from the wake that a jet produced in a heavy ion collision leaves in the droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through which it propagates, using linearized hydrodynamics on a background Bjorken flow. Jet energy and momentum loss described by the hybrid model become currents sourcing linearized hydrodynamics. By solving the linearized hydrodynamic equations numerically, we investigate the development of the wake in the dynamically evolving droplet of QGP, study the effect of viscosity, scrutinize energy-momentum conservation, and check the validity of the linear approximation. We find that linearized hydrodynamics works better in the viscous case because diffusive modes damp the energy-momentum perturbation produced by the jet. We calculate the distribution of particles produced from the jet wake by using the Cooper-Frye prescription and find that both the transverse momentum spectrum and the distribution of particles in azimuthal angle are similar in shape in linearized hydrodynamics and in the hybrid model. Their normalizations are different because the momentum-rapidity distribution in the linearized hydrodynamics analysis is more spread out, due to sound modes. Since the Bjorken flow has no transverse expansion, we explore the effect of transverse flow bymore » using local boosts to add it into the Cooper-Frye formula. After including the effects of transverse flow in this way, the transverse momentum spectrum becomes harder: more particles with transverse momenta bigger than 2 GeV are produced than in the hybrid model. Although we defer implementing this analysis in a jet Monte Carlo, as would be needed to make quantitative comparisons to data, we gain a qualitative sense of how the jet wake may modify jet observables by computing proxies for two example observables: the lost energy recovered in a cone of varying open angle, and the fragmentation function. We find that linearized hydrodynamics with transverse flow effects added improves the description of the jet wake in the hybrid model in just the way that comparison to data indicates is needed. Our study illuminates a path to improving the description of the wake in the hybrid model, highlighting the need to take into account the effects of both transverse flow and the broadening of the energy-momentum perturbation in spacetime rapidity on particle production.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [4]
  1. Universitat de Barcelona (Spain). Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICC). Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica
  2. LIP, Lisboa (Portugal); Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal). Instituto Superior Técnico (IST)
  3. Bergen Univ. (Norway)
  4. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Center for Theoretical Physics
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); European Research Council (ERC)
OSTI Identifier:
1851460
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0011090; SGR-2017-754; FPA2016-76005-C2-1-P; PID2019-105614GB-C21
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2021; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479
Publisher:
Springer Nature
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; Physics; Heavy ion phenomenology; Jets

Citation Formats

Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge, Milhano, José Guilherme, Pablos, Daniel, Rajagopal, Krishna, and Yao, Xiaojun. Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics. United States: N. p., 2021. Web. doi:10.1007/jhep05(2021)230.
Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge, Milhano, José Guilherme, Pablos, Daniel, Rajagopal, Krishna, & Yao, Xiaojun. Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep05(2021)230
Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge, Milhano, José Guilherme, Pablos, Daniel, Rajagopal, Krishna, and Yao, Xiaojun. Tue . "Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep05(2021)230. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1851460.
@article{osti_1851460,
title = {Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics},
author = {Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge and Milhano, José Guilherme and Pablos, Daniel and Rajagopal, Krishna and Yao, Xiaojun},
abstractNote = {We explore how to improve the hybrid model description of the particles originating from the wake that a jet produced in a heavy ion collision leaves in the droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through which it propagates, using linearized hydrodynamics on a background Bjorken flow. Jet energy and momentum loss described by the hybrid model become currents sourcing linearized hydrodynamics. By solving the linearized hydrodynamic equations numerically, we investigate the development of the wake in the dynamically evolving droplet of QGP, study the effect of viscosity, scrutinize energy-momentum conservation, and check the validity of the linear approximation. We find that linearized hydrodynamics works better in the viscous case because diffusive modes damp the energy-momentum perturbation produced by the jet. We calculate the distribution of particles produced from the jet wake by using the Cooper-Frye prescription and find that both the transverse momentum spectrum and the distribution of particles in azimuthal angle are similar in shape in linearized hydrodynamics and in the hybrid model. Their normalizations are different because the momentum-rapidity distribution in the linearized hydrodynamics analysis is more spread out, due to sound modes. Since the Bjorken flow has no transverse expansion, we explore the effect of transverse flow by using local boosts to add it into the Cooper-Frye formula. After including the effects of transverse flow in this way, the transverse momentum spectrum becomes harder: more particles with transverse momenta bigger than 2 GeV are produced than in the hybrid model. Although we defer implementing this analysis in a jet Monte Carlo, as would be needed to make quantitative comparisons to data, we gain a qualitative sense of how the jet wake may modify jet observables by computing proxies for two example observables: the lost energy recovered in a cone of varying open angle, and the fragmentation function. We find that linearized hydrodynamics with transverse flow effects added improves the description of the jet wake in the hybrid model in just the way that comparison to data indicates is needed. Our study illuminates a path to improving the description of the wake in the hybrid model, highlighting the need to take into account the effects of both transverse flow and the broadening of the energy-momentum perturbation in spacetime rapidity on particle production.},
doi = {10.1007/jhep05(2021)230},
journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},
number = 5,
volume = 2021,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue May 25 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Tue May 25 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}

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