Title: Complete Inactivation of Blood Borne Pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi in Stored Human Platelet Concentrates and Plasma Treated With 405 nm Violet-Blue Light

Abstract

The introduction of pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs) to inactivate bacteria, viruses and parasites in donated blood components stored for transfusion adds to the existing arsenal toward reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases (TTIDs). We have previously demonstrated that 405 nm violet-blue light effectively reduces blood-borne bacteria in stored human plasma and platelet concentrates. In this report, we investigated the microbicidal effect of 405 nm light on one important bloodborne parasite Trypanosoma cruzi that causes Chagas disease in humans. Our results demonstrated that a light irradiance at 15 mWcm^-2 for 5 h, equivalent to 270 Jcm^-2, effectively inactivated T. cruzi by over 9.0 Log₁₀, in plasma and platelets that were evaluated by a MK2 cell infectivity assay. Giemsa stained T. cruzi infected MK2 cells showed that the light-treated parasites in plasma and platelets were deficient in infecting MK2 cells and did not differentiate further into intracellular amastigotes unlike the untreated parasites. The light-treated and untreated parasite samples were then evaluated for any residual infectivity by injecting the treated parasites into Swiss Webster mice, which did not develop infection even after the animals were immunosuppressed, further demonstrating that the light treatment was completely effective for inactivation of the parasite; the light-treatedmore » platelets had similar in vitro metabolic and biochemical indices to that of untreated platelets. Overall, these results provide a proof of concept toward developing 405 nm light treatment as a pathogen reduction technology (PRT) to enhance the safety of stored human plasma and platelet concentrates from bloodborne T. cruzi, which causes Chagas disease.« less

Authors:

Jankowska, Katarzyna I. ^[1]; Nagarkatti, Rana ^[2]; Acharyya, Nirmallya ^[2]; Dahiya, Neetu ^[1]; Stewart, Caitlin F. ^[3]; Macpherson, Ruairidh W. ^[3]; Wilson, Mark P. ^[3]; Anderson, John G. ^[3]; MacGregor, Scott J. ^[3]; Maclean, Michelle ^[4]; Dey, Neil ^[5]; Debrabant, Alain ^[6]; Atreya, Chintamani D. ^[1]

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+ Show Author Affiliations

1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD (United States). Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Office of Blood Research and Review. Lab. of Cellular Hematology
2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD (United States). Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Office of Blood Research and Review. Lab. of Emerging Pathogens
3. Univ. of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland (United Kingdom). Dept. of Electronic and Electrical Engineering. The Robertson Trust Lab. for Electronic Sterilization Technologies
4. Univ. of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland (United Kingdom). Dept. of Electronic and Electrical Engineering. The Robertson Trust Lab. for Electronic Sterilization Technologies; Univ. of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland (United Kingdom). Dept. of Biomedical Engineering
5. Canary, Inc., Acton, MA (United States)
6. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD (United States). Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Office of Blood Research and Review. Lab. of Emerging Pathogens

Publication Date:

Tue Nov 24 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:

Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:

1817079

Grant/Contract Number:  

SC0014664

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Frontiers in Medicine

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2296-858X

Publisher:

Frontiers Media S.A.

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Trypanosoma cruzi; parasite; platelets; plasma; pathogen-reduction technologies; 405 nm light