Evaluation of VEGETATION and PROBA-V Phenology Using PhenoCam and Eddy Covariance Data
Abstract
High-quality retrieval of land surface phenology (LSP) is increasingly important for understanding the effects of climate change on ecosystem function and biosphere–atmosphere interactions. We analyzed four state-of-the-art phenology methods: threshold, logistic-function, moving-average and first derivative based approaches, and retrieved LSP in the North Hemisphere for the period 1999–2017 from Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) SPOT-VEGETATION and PROBA-V leaf area index (LAI) 1 km V2.0 time series. We validated the LSP estimates with near-surface PhenoCam and eddy covariance FLUXNET data over 80 sites of deciduous forests. Results showed a strong correlation (R2 > 0.7) between the satellite LSP and ground-based observations from both PhenoCam and FLUXNET for the timing of the start (SoS) and R2 > 0.5 for the end of season (EoS). The threshold-based method performed the best with a root mean square error of ~9 d with PhenoCam and ~7 d with FLUXNET for the timing of SoS (30th percentile of the annual amplitude), and ~12 d and ~10 d, respectively, for the timing of EoS (40th percentile).
- Authors:
-
- CREAF, Bellaterra, Catalonia (Spain); Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia (Spain). CSIC
- Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). Center for Ecosystem Science and Society; Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). School of Informatics, Computing and Cyber Systems
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1802813
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016011
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Remote Sensing
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 12; Journal Issue: 18; Journal ID: ISSN 2072-4292
- Publisher:
- MDPI
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 58 GEOSCIENCES; 47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Land-surface phenology; SPOT-VEGETATION; PROBA-V; leaf area index; PhenoCam; FLUXNET
Citation Formats
Bórnez, Kevin, Richardson, Andrew D., Verger, Aleixandre, Descals, Adrià, and Peñuelas, Josep. Evaluation of VEGETATION and PROBA-V Phenology Using PhenoCam and Eddy Covariance Data. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.3390/rs12183077.
Bórnez, Kevin, Richardson, Andrew D., Verger, Aleixandre, Descals, Adrià, & Peñuelas, Josep. Evaluation of VEGETATION and PROBA-V Phenology Using PhenoCam and Eddy Covariance Data. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183077
Bórnez, Kevin, Richardson, Andrew D., Verger, Aleixandre, Descals, Adrià, and Peñuelas, Josep. Sat .
"Evaluation of VEGETATION and PROBA-V Phenology Using PhenoCam and Eddy Covariance Data". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183077. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1802813.
@article{osti_1802813,
title = {Evaluation of VEGETATION and PROBA-V Phenology Using PhenoCam and Eddy Covariance Data},
author = {Bórnez, Kevin and Richardson, Andrew D. and Verger, Aleixandre and Descals, Adrià and Peñuelas, Josep},
abstractNote = {High-quality retrieval of land surface phenology (LSP) is increasingly important for understanding the effects of climate change on ecosystem function and biosphere–atmosphere interactions. We analyzed four state-of-the-art phenology methods: threshold, logistic-function, moving-average and first derivative based approaches, and retrieved LSP in the North Hemisphere for the period 1999–2017 from Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) SPOT-VEGETATION and PROBA-V leaf area index (LAI) 1 km V2.0 time series. We validated the LSP estimates with near-surface PhenoCam and eddy covariance FLUXNET data over 80 sites of deciduous forests. Results showed a strong correlation (R2 > 0.7) between the satellite LSP and ground-based observations from both PhenoCam and FLUXNET for the timing of the start (SoS) and R2 > 0.5 for the end of season (EoS). The threshold-based method performed the best with a root mean square error of ~9 d with PhenoCam and ~7 d with FLUXNET for the timing of SoS (30th percentile of the annual amplitude), and ~12 d and ~10 d, respectively, for the timing of EoS (40th percentile).},
doi = {10.3390/rs12183077},
journal = {Remote Sensing},
number = 18,
volume = 12,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Sep 19 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Sat Sep 19 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Tracking the rhythm of the seasons in the face of global change: phenological research in the 21st century
journal, June 2009
- Morisette, Jeffrey T.; Richardson, Andrew D.; Knapp, Alan K.
- Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 7, Issue 5
Deriving land surface phenology indicators from CO2 eddy covariance measurements
journal, June 2013
- Gonsamo, Alemu; Chen, Jing M.; D’Odorico, Petra
- Ecological Indicators, Vol. 29
Detecting interannual variation in deciduous broadleaf forest phenology using Landsat TM/ETM+ data
journal, May 2013
- Melaas, Eli K.; Friedl, Mark A.; Zhu, Zhe
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 132
Assessing the eddy covariance technique for evaluating carbon dioxide exchange rates of ecosystems: past, present and future
journal, April 2003
- Baldocchi, Dennis D.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 9, Issue 4
Influence of spring and autumn phenological transitions on forest ecosystem productivity
journal, October 2010
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Andy Black, T.; Ciais, Philippe
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 365, Issue 1555
Phenology of a northern hardwood forest canopy
journal, July 2006
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Bailey, Amey Schenck; Denny, Ellen G.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 7
Near-surface remote sensing of spatial and temporal variation in canopy phenology
journal, September 2009
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Braswell, Bobby H.; Hollinger, David Y.
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 19, Issue 6
Performances of neural networks for deriving LAI estimates from existing CYCLOPES and MODIS products
journal, June 2008
- Verger, A.; Baret, F.; Weiss, M.
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 112, Issue 6
Remote sensing of spring phenology in northeastern forests: A comparison of methods, field metrics and sources of uncertainty
journal, May 2014
- White, Katharine; Pontius, Jennifer; Schaberg, Paul
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 148
Eddy covariance flux corrections and uncertainties in long-term studies of carbon and energy exchanges
journal, December 2002
- Massman, W. J.; Lee, X.
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 113, Issue 1-4
Digital repeat photography for phenological research in forest ecosystems
journal, January 2012
- Sonnentag, Oliver; Hufkens, Koen; Teshera-Sterne, Cory
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 152
Determination of phenological dates in boreal regions using normalized difference water index
journal, July 2005
- Delbart, Nicolas; Kergoat, Laurent; Le Toan, Thuy
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 97, Issue 1
Multiscale modeling of spring phenology across Deciduous Forests in the Eastern United States
journal, January 2016
- Melaas, Eli K.; Friedl, Mark A.; Richardson, Andrew D.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 22, Issue 2
Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe
journal, June 2001
- Chmielewski, Frank-M; Rötzer, Thomas
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 108, Issue 2
Use of digital webcam images to track spring green-up in a deciduous broadleaf forest
journal, March 2007
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Jenkins, Julian P.; Braswell, Bobby H.
- Oecologia, Vol. 152, Issue 2
Vegetation baseline phenology from kilometric global LAI satellite products
journal, June 2016
- Verger, Aleixandre; Filella, Iolanda; Baret, Frédéric
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 178
Sensitivity and uncertainty of the carbon balance of a Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir forest during an El Niño/La Niña cycle
journal, June 2004
- Morgenstern, Kai; Andrew Black, T.; Humphreys, Elyn R.
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 123, Issue 3-4
Imaging phenology; scaling from camera plots to landscapes
journal, May 2016
- Nijland, W.; Bolton, D. K.; Coops, N. C.
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 177
Design and Installation of a Camera Network Across an Elevation Gradient for Habitat Assessment
journal, May 2011
- Bater, Christopher W.; Coops, Nicholas C.; Wulder, Michael A.
- Instrumentation Science & Technology, Vol. 39, Issue 3
Modeling Gross Primary Production of an Evergreen Needleleaf Forest Using Modis and Climate data
journal, June 2005
- Xiao, Xiangming; Zhang, Qingyuan; Hollinger, David
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 15, Issue 3
Understanding the relationship between vegetation greenness and productivity across dryland ecosystems through the integration of PhenoCam, satellite, and eddy covariance data
journal, March 2019
- Yan, D.; Scott, R. L.; Moore, D. J. P.
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 223
Intercomparing multiple measures of the onset of spring in eastern North America
journal, August 2009
- Schwartz, Mark D.; Hanes, Jonathan M.
- International Journal of Climatology, Vol. 30, Issue 11
Intercomparison, interpretation, and assessment of spring phenology in North America estimated from remote sensing for 1982-2006
journal, October 2009
- White, Michael A.; de BEURS, Kirsten M.; Didan, Kamel
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 15, Issue 10
Land surface phenology and temperature variation in the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program high-latitude transects
journal, May 2005
- de Beurs, Kirsten M.; Henebry, Geoffrey M.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 11, Issue 5
Land surface phenology from optical satellite measurement and CO 2 eddy covariance technique: LAND SURFACE PHENOLOGY INDEX
journal, September 2012
- Gonsamo, Alemu; Chen, Jing M.; Price, David T.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 117, Issue G3
Smoothing and Differentiation of Data by Simplified Least Squares Procedures.
journal, July 1964
- Savitzky, Abraham.; Golay, M. J. E.
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 36, Issue 8
Land surface phenology from VEGETATION and PROBA-V data. Assessment over deciduous forests
journal, February 2020
- Bórnez, Kevin; Descals, Adrià; Verger, Aleixandre
- International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Vol. 84
Using phenocams to monitor our changing Earth: toward a global phenocam network
journal, March 2016
- Brown, Tim B.; Hultine, Kevin R.; Steltzer, Heidi
- Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Vol. 14, Issue 2
Intercomparison of phenological transition dates derived from the PhenoCam Dataset V1.0 and MODIS satellite remote sensing
journal, April 2018
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Hufkens, Koen; Milliman, Tom
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Land surface phenology from MODIS: Characterization of the Collection 5 global land cover dynamics product
journal, August 2010
- Ganguly, Sangram; Friedl, Mark A.; Tan, Bin
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 114, Issue 8
A comparison of multiple phenology data sources for estimating seasonal transitions in deciduous forest carbon exchange
journal, December 2011
- Garrity, Steven R.; Bohrer, Gil; Maurer, Kyle D.
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 151, Issue 12
Evaluating the level of agreement between human and time-lapse camera observations of understory plant phenology at multiple scales
journal, May 2016
- Laskin, David N.; McDermid, Gregory J.
- Ecological Informatics, Vol. 33
Tree phenology and carbon dioxide fluxes: use of digital photography for process-based interpretation at the ecosystem scale
journal, September 2009
- Ahrends, He; Etzold, S.; Kutsch, Wl
- Climate Research, Vol. 39
Near Real-Time Vegetation Monitoring at Global Scale
journal, August 2014
- Verger, Aleixandre; Baret, Frederic; Weiss, Marie
- IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol. 7, Issue 8
Characterising the Land Surface Phenology of Europe Using Decadal MERIS Data
journal, July 2015
- Rodriguez-Galiano, Victor; Dash, Jadunandan; Atkinson, Peter
- Remote Sensing, Vol. 7, Issue 7
Standardized phenology monitoring methods to track plant and animal activity for science and resource management applications
journal, January 2014
- Denny, Ellen G.; Gerst, Katharine L.; Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.
- International Journal of Biometeorology, Vol. 58, Issue 4
Analysis of phenological change patterns using 1982–2000 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data
journal, June 2004
- Tateishi, R.; Ebata, M.
- International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 25, Issue 12
Climate controls on vegetation phenological patterns in northern mid- and high latitudes inferred from MODIS data
journal, July 2004
- Zhang, Xiaoyang; Friedl, Mark A.; Schaaf, Crystal B.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 10, Issue 7
Filling the gaps in meteorological continuous data measured at FLUXNET sites with ERA-Interim reanalysis
journal, January 2015
- Vuichard, N.; Papale, D.
- Earth System Science Data, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Validating satellite phenology through intensive ground observation and landscape scaling in a mixed seasonal forest
journal, January 2011
- Liang, Liang; Schwartz, Mark D.; Fei, Songlin
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 115, Issue 1
Deriving a new phenological indicator of interannual net carbon exchange in contrasting boreal deciduous and evergreen forests
journal, January 2013
- Wu, Chaoyang; Chen, Jing M.
- Ecological Indicators, Vol. 24
Phenological Metrics Derived over the European Continent from NDVI3g Data and MODIS Time Series
journal, December 2013
- Atzberger, Clement; Klisch, Anja; Mattiuzzi, Matteo
- Remote Sensing, Vol. 6, Issue 1
An integrated phenology modelling framework in r
journal, February 2018
- Hufkens, Koen; Basler, David; Milliman, Tom
- Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Vol. 9, Issue 5
On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm
journal, September 2005
- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 11, Issue 9
Testing Hopkins’ Bioclimatic Law with PhenoCam data
journal, March 2019
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Hufkens, Koen; Li, Xiaolu
- Applications in Plant Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 3
Land surface phenology derived from normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at global FLUXNET sites
journal, February 2017
- Wu, Chaoyang; Peng, Dailiang; Soudani, Kamel
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 233
Uncertainty in eddy covariance measurements and its application to physiological models
journal, July 2005
- Hollinger, D. Y.; Richardson, A. D.
- Tree Physiology, Vol. 25, Issue 7
A simple method for reconstructing a high-quality NDVI time-series data set based on the Savitzky–Golay filter
journal, June 2004
- Chen, Jin; Jönsson, Per.; Tamura, Masayuki
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 91, Issue 3-4
Onset of spring starting earlier across the Northern Hemisphere
journal, February 2006
- Schwartz, Mark D.; Ahas, Rein; Aasa, Anto
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 12, Issue 2
Evaluation of land surface phenology from VIIRS data using time series of PhenoCam imagery
journal, June 2018
- Zhang, Xiaoyang; Jayavelu, Senthilnath; Liu, Lingling
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 256-257
Measuring phenological variability from satellite imagery
journal, October 1994
- Reed, Bradley C.; Brown, Jesslyn F.; VanderZee, Darrel
- Journal of Vegetation Science, Vol. 5, Issue 5
Monitoring vegetation phenology using MODIS
journal, March 2003
- Zhang, Xiaoyang; Friedl, Mark A.; Schaaf, Crystal B.
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 84, Issue 3
Monitoring multi-layer canopy spring phenology of temperate deciduous and evergreen forests using low-cost spectral sensors
journal, June 2014
- Ryu, Youngryel; Lee, Galam; Jeon, Soohyun
- Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 149
Using digital repeat photography and eddy covariance data to model grassland phenology and photosynthetic CO2 uptake
journal, October 2011
- Migliavacca, Mirco; Galvagno, Marta; Cremonese, Edoardo
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 151, Issue 10
Global vegetation phenology from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS): Evaluation of global patterns and comparison with in situ measurements: GLOBAL PHENOLOGY FROM MODIS
journal, December 2006
- Zhang, Xiaoyang; Friedl, Mark A.; Schaaf, Crystal B.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 111, Issue G4
Comparison of Landsat and Land-Based Phenology Camera Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for Dominant Plant Communities in the Great Basin
journal, March 2019
- Snyder, Keirith; Huntington, Justin; Wehan, Bryce
- Sensors, Vol. 19, Issue 5
Tracking vegetation phenology across diverse North American biomes using PhenoCam imagery
journal, March 2018
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Hufkens, Koen; Milliman, Tom
- Scientific Data, Vol. 5, Issue 1
PHENOLOGY: Responses to a Warming World
journal, October 2001
- Penuelas, J.
- Science, Vol. 294, Issue 5543
Phenology from Landsat when data is scarce: Using MODIS and Dynamic Time-Warping to combine multi-year Landsat imagery to derive annual phenology curves
journal, February 2017
- Baumann, Matthias; Ozdogan, Mutlu; Richardson, Andrew D.
- International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Vol. 54
Effect of climate and CO 2 changes on the greening of the Northern Hemisphere over the past two decades
journal, January 2006
- Piao, Shilong; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Ciais, Philippe
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 33, Issue 23
Climate change, phenology, and phenological control of vegetation feedbacks to the climate system
journal, February 2013
- Richardson, Andrew D.; Keenan, Trevor F.; Migliavacca, Mirco
- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 169
Pan European Phenological database (PEP725): a single point of access for European data
journal, February 2018
- Templ, Barbara; Koch, Elisabeth; Bolmgren, Kjell
- International Journal of Biometeorology, Vol. 62, Issue 6
Estimation of Terrestrial Global Gross Primary Production (GPP) with Satellite Data-Driven Models and Eddy Covariance Flux Data
journal, August 2018
- Joiner, Joanna; Yoshida, Yasuko; Zhang, Yao
- Remote Sensing, Vol. 10, Issue 9
Tracking forest phenology and seasonal physiology using digital repeat photography: a critical assessment
journal, September 2014
- Keenan, T. F.; Darby, B.; Felts, E.
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 24, Issue 6
Ecological impacts of a widespread frost event following early spring leaf-out
journal, May 2012
- Hufkens, Koen; Friedl, Mark A.; Keenan, Trevor F.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 18, Issue 7
The global network of outdoor webcams: properties and applications
conference, January 2009
- Jacobs, Nathan; Burgin, Walker; Fridrich, Nick
- Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems - GIS '09
Natural phenological variation in aspen (Populus tremula): the SwAsp collection
journal, August 2007
- Luquez, Virginia; Hall, David; Albrectsen, Benedicte R.
- Tree Genetics & Genomes, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Spatial analysis of growing season length control over net ecosystem exchange
journal, October 2005
- Churkina, Galina; Schimel, David; Braswell, Bobby H.
- Global Change Biology, Vol. 11, Issue 10
Evaluating remote sensing of deciduous forest phenology at multiple spatial scales using PhenoCam imagery
journal, January 2014
- Klosterman, S. T.; Hufkens, K.; Gray, J. M.
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 11, Issue 16