Dependence of Mass–Dimensional Relationships on Median Mass Diameter
Abstract
Retrievals of ice cloud properties require accurate estimates of ice particle mass. Empirical mass–dimensional (m–D) relationships in the form are widely used and usually universally applied across the complete range of particle sizes. For the first time, the dependence of a and b coefficients in m–D relationships on median mass diameter (Dmm) is studied. Using combined cloud microphysical data collected during the Olympic Mountains Experiment and coincident observations from Airborne Precipitation Radar Third Generation, Dmm-dependent (a, b) coefficients are derived and represented as surfaces of equally plausible solutions determined by some tolerance in the chi-squared difference that minimizes the difference between observed and retrieved radar reflectivity. Robust dependences of a and b on Dmm are shown with both parameters significantly decreasing with Dmm, leading to smaller effective densities for larger Dmm ranges. A universally applied constant m–D relationship overestimates the mass of large aggregates when Dmm is between 3–6 mm and temperatures are between −15–0 °C. Multiple m–D relations should be applied for different Dmm ranges in retrievals and simulations to account for the variability of particle sizes that are responsible for the mass and thus for the variability of particle shapes and densities.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[3];
[3];
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics; Cooperative Institute of Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, Norman, OK (United States)
- Cooperative Institute of Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, Norman, OK (United States); Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States). School of Meteorology
- Univ.of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences
- Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States). Dept. Atmospheric Sciences
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1802552
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0014065; SC0016476
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Atmosphere (Basel)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Atmosphere (Basel); Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2073-4433
- Publisher:
- MDPI
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; mass–dimensional relationship; median mass diameter; radar reflectivity; equally plausible surface
Citation Formats
Ding, Saisai, McFarquhar, Greg M., Nesbitt, Stephen W., Chase, Randy J., Poellot, Michael R., and Wang, Hongqing. Dependence of Mass–Dimensional Relationships on Median Mass Diameter. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.3390/atmos11070756.
Ding, Saisai, McFarquhar, Greg M., Nesbitt, Stephen W., Chase, Randy J., Poellot, Michael R., & Wang, Hongqing. Dependence of Mass–Dimensional Relationships on Median Mass Diameter. United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070756
Ding, Saisai, McFarquhar, Greg M., Nesbitt, Stephen W., Chase, Randy J., Poellot, Michael R., and Wang, Hongqing. Fri .
"Dependence of Mass–Dimensional Relationships on Median Mass Diameter". United States. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070756. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1802552.
@article{osti_1802552,
title = {Dependence of Mass–Dimensional Relationships on Median Mass Diameter},
author = {Ding, Saisai and McFarquhar, Greg M. and Nesbitt, Stephen W. and Chase, Randy J. and Poellot, Michael R. and Wang, Hongqing},
abstractNote = {Retrievals of ice cloud properties require accurate estimates of ice particle mass. Empirical mass–dimensional (m–D) relationships in the form m = a D b are widely used and usually universally applied across the complete range of particle sizes. For the first time, the dependence of a and b coefficients in m–D relationships on median mass diameter (Dmm) is studied. Using combined cloud microphysical data collected during the Olympic Mountains Experiment and coincident observations from Airborne Precipitation Radar Third Generation, Dmm-dependent (a, b) coefficients are derived and represented as surfaces of equally plausible solutions determined by some tolerance in the chi-squared difference χ 2 that minimizes the difference between observed and retrieved radar reflectivity. Robust dependences of a and b on Dmm are shown with both parameters significantly decreasing with Dmm, leading to smaller effective densities for larger Dmm ranges. A universally applied constant m–D relationship overestimates the mass of large aggregates when Dmm is between 3–6 mm and temperatures are between −15–0 °C. Multiple m–D relations should be applied for different Dmm ranges in retrievals and simulations to account for the variability of particle sizes that are responsible for the mass and thus for the variability of particle shapes and densities.},
doi = {10.3390/atmos11070756},
journal = {Atmosphere (Basel)},
number = 7,
volume = 11,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jul 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Fri Jul 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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