Phase stability in Ag-Cu-In-Ga metal precursors for (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 thin films
Abstract
The addition of Ag to Cu-Ga-In precursors for reaction to form (AgCu)(InGa)Se2 has shown benefits including improved adhesion, greater process tolerance and potential for improved device performance. In this study, metal precursors were sputtered with a Cu-Ga/In/Ag-Ga sequence with Ag/(Cu+Ag) = 0.25 and (Ag+Cu)/(Ga+In) = 0.90. These precursor layers are shown to be unstable, with a phase evolution during storage at room temperature revealed by x-ray diffraction (XRD). This behavior was studied in samples annealed in the temperature range of 60–150 °C or stored for up to 90 days. XRD analyses indicated the formation of (Ag1-xCux)In2 with Cu content of 28% and 36% for samples annealed at 100 °C and 150 °C, respectively. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and XRD analyses on selenized samples showed a uniform distribution of Ag and Cu through the films and a Ga accumulation near the back interface. Solar cells fabricated from the selenized films showed improved device performance in VOC and FF as a result of the precursor anneal.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States). Institute of Energy Conversion
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1780903
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1549832
- Grant/Contract Number:
- EE0007542; EE0005407
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 172; Journal ID: ISSN 0927-0248
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 14 SOLAR ENERGY; (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2; Selenization; precursor stability; (Ag,Cu)In2
Citation Formats
Soltanmohammad, Sina, Chen, Lei, McCandless, Brian E., and Shafarman, William N. Phase stability in Ag-Cu-In-Ga metal precursors for (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 thin films. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2017.08.009.
Soltanmohammad, Sina, Chen, Lei, McCandless, Brian E., & Shafarman, William N. Phase stability in Ag-Cu-In-Ga metal precursors for (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 thin films. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2017.08.009
Soltanmohammad, Sina, Chen, Lei, McCandless, Brian E., and Shafarman, William N. Fri .
"Phase stability in Ag-Cu-In-Ga metal precursors for (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 thin films". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2017.08.009. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1780903.
@article{osti_1780903,
title = {Phase stability in Ag-Cu-In-Ga metal precursors for (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 thin films},
author = {Soltanmohammad, Sina and Chen, Lei and McCandless, Brian E. and Shafarman, William N.},
abstractNote = {The addition of Ag to Cu-Ga-In precursors for reaction to form (AgCu)(InGa)Se2 has shown benefits including improved adhesion, greater process tolerance and potential for improved device performance. In this study, metal precursors were sputtered with a Cu-Ga/In/Ag-Ga sequence with Ag/(Cu+Ag) = 0.25 and (Ag+Cu)/(Ga+In) = 0.90. These precursor layers are shown to be unstable, with a phase evolution during storage at room temperature revealed by x-ray diffraction (XRD). This behavior was studied in samples annealed in the temperature range of 60–150 °C or stored for up to 90 days. XRD analyses indicated the formation of (Ag1-xCux)In2 with Cu content of 28% and 36% for samples annealed at 100 °C and 150 °C, respectively. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and XRD analyses on selenized samples showed a uniform distribution of Ag and Cu through the films and a Ga accumulation near the back interface. Solar cells fabricated from the selenized films showed improved device performance in VOC and FF as a result of the precursor anneal.},
doi = {10.1016/j.solmat.2017.08.009},
journal = {Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells},
number = ,
volume = 172,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Fri Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
Web of Science
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