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Title: Understanding fundamental effects of Cu impurity in different forms for recovered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials

Abstract

When identifying and developing lithium ion battery recycling technologies, understanding the role of impurities is always a concern as they may have an impact on electrochemical performance, material stability, or lifetime for recovered active materials. In this work we show that Cu impurity in different forms could play very different roles on the recovered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622). Cu metal impurity could easily short the cell, while Cu ion impurity could play a positive role due to partially substitution of the Ni2+ sites to lower the cation mixing degree. In specific, NCM622 material with certain amount (0.34 at%) of Cu ion impurity delivers high initial specific charge/discharge capacity of 211.8 and 186.0 mAh g-1 at 0.05 C, which are 12.2 and 14.1 mAh g-1 higher than those of virgin NCM622 cathode. Moreover, a superior retention capacity of 171.3 mAh g-1 after 90 cycles at 0.33 C, and striking rate capability are achieved in this NCM622 cathode sample. These results clearly indicate that Cu metal impurity should be avoided and the ionic Cu impurity should be controlled with optimal concentration during recycling process for spent LIBs.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [1]
  1. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA (United States)
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
OSTI Identifier:
1768586
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1811135
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nano Energy
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 78; Journal ID: ISSN 2211-2855
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE; Cation mixing degree; Copper impurity; Hydrometallurgy recycling process; NCM622 cathode materials; Spent lithium-ion batteries

Citation Formats

Zhang, Ruihan, Meng, Zifei, Ma, Xiaotu, Chen, Mengyuan, Chen, Bin, Zheng, Yadong, Yao, Zeyi, Vanaphuti, Panawan, Bong, Sungyool, Yang, Zhenzhen, and Wang, Yan. Understanding fundamental effects of Cu impurity in different forms for recovered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105214.
Zhang, Ruihan, Meng, Zifei, Ma, Xiaotu, Chen, Mengyuan, Chen, Bin, Zheng, Yadong, Yao, Zeyi, Vanaphuti, Panawan, Bong, Sungyool, Yang, Zhenzhen, & Wang, Yan. Understanding fundamental effects of Cu impurity in different forms for recovered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105214
Zhang, Ruihan, Meng, Zifei, Ma, Xiaotu, Chen, Mengyuan, Chen, Bin, Zheng, Yadong, Yao, Zeyi, Vanaphuti, Panawan, Bong, Sungyool, Yang, Zhenzhen, and Wang, Yan. Fri . "Understanding fundamental effects of Cu impurity in different forms for recovered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105214. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1768586.
@article{osti_1768586,
title = {Understanding fundamental effects of Cu impurity in different forms for recovered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials},
author = {Zhang, Ruihan and Meng, Zifei and Ma, Xiaotu and Chen, Mengyuan and Chen, Bin and Zheng, Yadong and Yao, Zeyi and Vanaphuti, Panawan and Bong, Sungyool and Yang, Zhenzhen and Wang, Yan},
abstractNote = {When identifying and developing lithium ion battery recycling technologies, understanding the role of impurities is always a concern as they may have an impact on electrochemical performance, material stability, or lifetime for recovered active materials. In this work we show that Cu impurity in different forms could play very different roles on the recovered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622). Cu metal impurity could easily short the cell, while Cu ion impurity could play a positive role due to partially substitution of the Ni2+ sites to lower the cation mixing degree. In specific, NCM622 material with certain amount (0.34 at%) of Cu ion impurity delivers high initial specific charge/discharge capacity of 211.8 and 186.0 mAh g-1 at 0.05 C, which are 12.2 and 14.1 mAh g-1 higher than those of virgin NCM622 cathode. Moreover, a superior retention capacity of 171.3 mAh g-1 after 90 cycles at 0.33 C, and striking rate capability are achieved in this NCM622 cathode sample. These results clearly indicate that Cu metal impurity should be avoided and the ionic Cu impurity should be controlled with optimal concentration during recycling process for spent LIBs.},
doi = {10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105214},
journal = {Nano Energy},
number = ,
volume = 78,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 14 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Fri Aug 14 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}

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