Weak Transitions in Light Nuclei

King, Garrett B.; Andreoli, Lorenzo; Pastore, Saori; Piarulli, Maria

doi:10.3389/fphy.2020.00363

Title: Weak Transitions in Light Nuclei

Abstract

Nuclei are used for high-precision tests of the Standard Model and for studies of physics beyond the Standard Model. Without a thorough understanding of nuclei, we will not be able to meaningfully interpret the growing body of experimental data nor will we be able to disentangle new physics signals from underlying nuclear effects. This calls for accurate calculations of nuclear structure and reactions. In this work, we focus on electroweak decays in nuclei with mass number A ≤ 10 and report on ab initio Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of reduced matrix elements entering beta decays and electron captures in nuclei with mass number A ≤ 10. The many-body wave functions are calculated using selected Norfolk two- and three-nucleon potential models and associated one- and two-body axial currents at tree-level obtained from a chiral effective field theory with pions, nucleons, and Δ. The agreement with the experimental data is satisfactory except for transitions in A = 8 nuclei. In this specific case, the theory significantly underpredicts the experimental data, which indicates the need of further improvements in the corresponding nuclear wave functions. In this study, emphasis is placed on the contributions of two-body axial currents that are carefully analyzed using two-bodymore »« less

Authors:

King, Garrett B. ^[1]; Andreoli, Lorenzo ^[1]; Pastore, Saori ^[1]; Piarulli, Maria ^[1]

Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Nov 02 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1768375

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0013617; SC0021027

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Frontiers in Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2296-424X

Publisher:: Frontiers Research Foundation

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; nuclear interactions; nuclear currents; chiral effective field theory; ab-initio calculations; weak transitions

Citation Formats


                    King, Garrett B., Andreoli, Lorenzo, Pastore, Saori, and Piarulli, Maria. Weak Transitions in Light Nuclei.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.3389/fphy.2020.00363.

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                    King, Garrett B., Andreoli, Lorenzo, Pastore, Saori, & Piarulli, Maria. Weak Transitions in Light Nuclei.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.00363

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                    King, Garrett B., Andreoli, Lorenzo, Pastore, Saori, and Piarulli, Maria. Mon .  
"Weak Transitions in Light Nuclei".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.00363.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1768375.

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@article{osti_1768375,

  title        = {Weak Transitions in Light Nuclei},

  author       = {King, Garrett B. and Andreoli, Lorenzo and Pastore, Saori and Piarulli, Maria},

  abstractNote = {Nuclei are used for high-precision tests of the Standard Model and for studies of physics beyond the Standard Model. Without a thorough understanding of nuclei, we will not be able to meaningfully interpret the growing body of experimental data nor will we be able to disentangle new physics signals from underlying nuclear effects. This calls for accurate calculations of nuclear structure and reactions. In this work, we focus on electroweak decays in nuclei with mass number A ≤ 10 and report on ab initio Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of reduced matrix elements entering beta decays and electron captures in nuclei with mass number A ≤ 10. The many-body wave functions are calculated using selected Norfolk two- and three-nucleon potential models and associated one- and two-body axial currents at tree-level obtained from a chiral effective field theory with pions, nucleons, and Δ. The agreement with the experimental data is satisfactory except for transitions in A = 8 nuclei. In this specific case, the theory significantly underpredicts the experimental data, which indicates the need of further improvements in the corresponding nuclear wave functions. In this study, emphasis is placed on the contributions of two-body axial currents that are carefully analyzed using two-body transition densities. This allow us to study the spatial distribution and short-range behavior of two-body dynamics. In particular, the transition densities when scaled to peak at 1.0 exhibit universal short-range behavior across the considered nuclei, while they differ in the long-range tails.},

  doi          = {10.3389/fphy.2020.00363},

  journal      = {Frontiers in Physics},

  number       = ,

  volume       = 8,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Nov 02 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Mon Nov 02 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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Title: Weak Transitions in Light Nuclei

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A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary journal, April 2013

Gamow-Teller transitions and magnetic properties of nuclei and shell evolution journal, April 2003

Local Nucleon-Nucleon and Three-Nucleon Interactions Within Chiral Effective Field Theory journal, January 2020

Pair counting, pion-exchange forces and the structure of light nuclei journal, March 2006

Chiral Effective Field Theory Predictions for Muon Capture on Deuteron and He 3 journal, January 2012

Light-Nuclei Spectra from Chiral Dynamics journal, February 2018

Status and future of nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double-beta decay: a review journal, March 2017

Thermal Neutron Captures on d and He 3 journal, November 2010

Few-nucleon forces from chiral Lagrangians journal, June 1994

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of A = 8 nuclei journal, June 2000

Local chiral interactions, the tritium Gamow-Teller matrix element, and the three-nucleon contact term journal, October 2018

Neutrinoless double- β decay matrix elements in light nuclei journal, January 2018

Electromagnetic reactions on light nuclei journal, November 2014

Chiral dynamics and heavy-fermion formalism in nuclei: exchange axial currents journal, October 1993

How Low-Energy Weak Reactions Can Constrain Three-Nucleon Forces and the Neutron-Neutron Scattering Length journal, June 2006

Review of Particle Physics journal, August 2018

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of light nuclei with local chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions journal, November 2017

Electromagnetic two-body currents of one- and two-pion range journal, December 2008

Search for Majorana Neutrinos Near the Inverted Mass Hierarchy Region with KamLAND-Zen journal, August 2016

Discrepancy between experimental and theoretical β-decay rates resolved from first principles journal, March 2019

Local chiral potentials with Δ -intermediate states and the structure of light nuclei journal, November 2016

Box diagram contribution to the axial two-nucleon current journal, May 2020

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electromagnetic moments and transitions in A ≤ 9 nuclei with meson-exchange currents derived from chiral effective field theory journal, March 2013

Electromagnetic currents and magnetic moments in chiral effective field theory ( χ EFT ) journal, September 2009

Two-nucleon electromagnetic charge operator in chiral effective field theory ( χ EFT) up to one loop journal, August 2011

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of weak transitions in A = 6 – 10 nuclei journal, February 2018

Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines journal, June 1953

Status of the SNO+ Experiment journal, December 2019

New Leading Contribution to Neutrinoless Double- β Decay journal, May 2018

Quasielastic lepton scattering and back-to-back nucleons in the short-time approximation journal, April 2020

R -matrix analysis of the β ∓ -delayed alpha spectra from the decay of Li 8 and B 8 journal, January 1986

Statistical error analysis for phenomenological nucleon-nucleon potentials journal, June 2014

Minimally nonlocal nucleon-nucleon potentials with chiral two-pion exchange including Δ resonances journal, February 2015

Chiral Three-Nucleon Interactions in Light Nuclei, Neutron- α Scattering, and Neutron Matter journal, February 2016

Atomic Nuclei From Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations With Chiral EFT Interactions journal, April 2020

Comparison between variational Monte Carlo and shell model calculations of neutrinoless double beta decay matrix elements in light nuclei journal, November 2019

Neutrinoless double beta decay theory journal, February 2020

A neutrinoless double-beta-decay search based on ZnMoO 4 and Li 2 MoO 4 scintillating bolometers journal, September 2017

Two-nucleon electromagnetic current in chiral effective field theory: One-pion exchange and short-range contributions journal, November 2011

Electromagnetic Transition from the 4 + to 2 + Resonance in Be 8 Measured via the Radiative Capture in He 4 + He 4 journal, August 2013

Quantum Monte Carlo Methods in Nuclear Physics: Recent Advances journal, October 2019

Electromagnetic structure of few-nucleon ground states journal, January 2016

Superallowed 0 + → 0 + nuclear β decays: 2014 critical survey, with precise results for V u d and CKM unitarity journal, February 2015

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electroweak transition matrix elements in A = 6 , 7 nuclei journal, December 2007

Variational calculations of few-body nuclei journal, April 1991

Radiative α -capture cross sections from realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions and variational Monte Carlo wave functions journal, April 2001

Three-Nucleon Low-Energy Constants from the Consistency of Interactions and Currents in Chiral Effective Field Theory journal, September 2009

Three-nucleon forces from chiral effective field theory journal, December 2002

Renormalized approach to neutrinoless double- β decay journal, November 2019

Ab Initio Study of ( ν ℓ , ℓ − ) and ( ν ¯ ℓ , ℓ + ) Inclusive Scattering in C 12 : Confronting the MiniBooNE and T2K CCQE Data journal, September 2020

The COBRA demonstrator at the LNGS underground laboratory journal, January 2016

The Nuclear Science References (NSR) database and Web Retrieval System journal, June 2011

Precision measurement of the 6 He half-life and the weak axial current in nuclei journal, September 2012

Status of 48 Ca double beta decay search and its future prospect in CANDLES journal, February 2020

Six-body calculation of the α -deuteron radiative capture cross section journal, January 2001

Electromagnetic structure of A = 2 and 3 nuclei in chiral effective field theory journal, January 2013

Tritium β decay in chiral effective field theory journal, August 2016

Comparative study of three-nucleon potentials in nuclear matter journal, February 2012

Investigating ββ decay with the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO experiments journal, May 2016

The AMoRE: Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in 100Mo journal, April 2016

Coarse-grained potential analysis of neutron-proton and proton-proton scattering below the pion production threshold journal, December 2013

A two-solar-mass neutron star measured using Shapiro delay journal, October 2010

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electromagnetic transitions in Be 8 with meson-exchange currents derived from chiral effective field theory journal, August 2014

Gamow-Teller beta-decay rates for A ≤18 nuclei journal, January 1993

Calculation of the neutrinoless double- β decay matrix element within the realistic shell model journal, April 2020

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of neutron matter with chiral three-body forces journal, February 2016

Quantum Monte Carlo methods for nuclear physics journal, September 2015

Coarse-grained NN potential with chiral two-pion exchange journal, February 2014

Gerda: Results and perspectives journal, August 2015

Erratum: Nuclear axial currents in chiral effective field theory [Phys. Rev. C 93 , 015501 (2016)] journal, April 2016

Benchmark calculations of pure neutron matter with realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions journal, April 2020

Two-pion exchange electromagnetic current in chiral effective field theory using the method of unitary transformation journal, October 2009

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of nuclei with $A <~ 7$
journal, October 1997

Chiral effective field theory calculations of weak transitions in light nuclei
journal, August 2020

Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of ${}^{130}{Te}$ with CUORE-0
journal, September 2015

Zemach moments and radii of ${}^{2, 3}H$ and ${}^{3, 4}{He}$
journal, March 2019

Local chiral interactions and magnetic structure of few-nucleon systems
journal, March 2019

A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary
journal, April 2013

Gamow-Teller transitions and magnetic properties of nuclei and shell evolution
journal, April 2003

Local Nucleon-Nucleon and Three-Nucleon Interactions Within Chiral Effective Field Theory
journal, January 2020

Pair counting, pion-exchange forces and the structure of light nuclei
journal, March 2006

Chiral Effective Field Theory Predictions for Muon Capture on Deuteron and ${}^{3}{He}$
journal, January 2012

Light-Nuclei Spectra from Chiral Dynamics
journal, February 2018

Status and future of nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double-beta decay: a review
journal, March 2017

Thermal Neutron Captures on $d$ and ${}^{3}{He}$
journal, November 2010

Few-nucleon forces from chiral Lagrangians
journal, June 1994

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of $A = 8$ nuclei
journal, June 2000

Local chiral interactions, the tritium Gamow-Teller matrix element, and the three-nucleon contact term
journal, October 2018

Neutrinoless double- $β$ decay matrix elements in light nuclei
journal, January 2018

Electromagnetic reactions on light nuclei
journal, November 2014

Chiral dynamics and heavy-fermion formalism in nuclei: exchange axial currents
journal, October 1993

How Low-Energy Weak Reactions Can Constrain Three-Nucleon Forces and the Neutron-Neutron Scattering Length
journal, June 2006

Review of Particle Physics
journal, August 2018

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of light nuclei with local chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions
journal, November 2017

Electromagnetic two-body currents of one- and two-pion range
journal, December 2008

Search for Majorana Neutrinos Near the Inverted Mass Hierarchy Region with KamLAND-Zen
journal, August 2016

Discrepancy between experimental and theoretical β-decay rates resolved from first principles
journal, March 2019

Local chiral potentials with $Δ$ -intermediate states and the structure of light nuclei
journal, November 2016

Box diagram contribution to the axial two-nucleon current
journal, May 2020

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electromagnetic moments and transitions in $A \leq 9$ nuclei with meson-exchange currents derived from chiral effective field theory
journal, March 2013

Electromagnetic currents and magnetic moments in chiral effective field theory $(χ EFT)$
journal, September 2009

Two-nucleon electromagnetic charge operator in chiral effective field theory ( $χ$ EFT) up to one loop
journal, August 2011

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of weak transitions in $A = 6 - 10$ nuclei
journal, February 2018

Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines
journal, June 1953

Status of the SNO+ Experiment
journal, December 2019

New Leading Contribution to Neutrinoless Double- $β$ Decay
journal, May 2018

Quasielastic lepton scattering and back-to-back nucleons in the short-time approximation
journal, April 2020

R -matrix analysis of the $β^{\mp}$ -delayed alpha spectra from the decay of ${}^{8}{Li}$ and ${}^{8}B$
journal, January 1986

Statistical error analysis for phenomenological nucleon-nucleon potentials
journal, June 2014

Minimally nonlocal nucleon-nucleon potentials with chiral two-pion exchange including $Δ$ resonances
journal, February 2015

Chiral Three-Nucleon Interactions in Light Nuclei, Neutron- $α$ Scattering, and Neutron Matter
journal, February 2016

Atomic Nuclei From Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations With Chiral EFT Interactions
journal, April 2020

Comparison between variational Monte Carlo and shell model calculations of neutrinoless double beta decay matrix elements in light nuclei
journal, November 2019

Neutrinoless double beta decay theory
journal, February 2020

A neutrinoless double-beta-decay search based on ZnMoO ₄ and Li ₂ MoO ₄ scintillating bolometers
journal, September 2017

Two-nucleon electromagnetic current in chiral effective field theory: One-pion exchange and short-range contributions
journal, November 2011

Electromagnetic Transition from the $4^{+}$ to $2^{+}$ Resonance in ${}^{8}{Be}$ Measured via the Radiative Capture in ${}^{4}{He} + {}^{4}{He}$
journal, August 2013

Quantum Monte Carlo Methods in Nuclear Physics: Recent Advances
journal, October 2019

Electromagnetic structure of few-nucleon ground states
journal, January 2016

Superallowed $0^{+} \to 0^{+}$ nuclear $β$ decays: 2014 critical survey, with precise results for $V_{u d}$ and CKM unitarity
journal, February 2015

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electroweak transition matrix elements in $A = 6, 7$ nuclei
journal, December 2007

Variational calculations of few-body nuclei
journal, April 1991

Radiative α -capture cross sections from realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions and variational Monte Carlo wave functions
journal, April 2001

Three-Nucleon Low-Energy Constants from the Consistency of Interactions and Currents in Chiral Effective Field Theory
journal, September 2009

Three-nucleon forces from chiral effective field theory
journal, December 2002

Renormalized approach to neutrinoless double- β decay
journal, November 2019

Ab Initio Study of $(ν_{ℓ}, ℓ^{-})$ and $({\bar{ν}}_{ℓ}, ℓ^{+})$ Inclusive Scattering in ${}^{12}C$ : Confronting the MiniBooNE and T2K CCQE Data
journal, September 2020

The COBRA demonstrator at the LNGS underground laboratory
journal, January 2016

The Nuclear Science References (NSR) database and Web Retrieval System
journal, June 2011

Precision measurement of the $^{6}$ He half-life and the weak axial current in nuclei
journal, September 2012

Status of ⁴⁸ Ca double beta decay search and its future prospect in CANDLES
journal, February 2020

Six-body calculation of the $α$ -deuteron radiative capture cross section
journal, January 2001

Electromagnetic structure of $A = 2$ and 3 nuclei in chiral effective field theory
journal, January 2013

Tritium $β$ decay in chiral effective field theory
journal, August 2016

Comparative study of three-nucleon potentials in nuclear matter
journal, February 2012

Investigating ββ decay with the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO experiments
journal, May 2016

The AMoRE: Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in 100Mo
journal, April 2016

Coarse-grained potential analysis of neutron-proton and proton-proton scattering below the pion production threshold
journal, December 2013

A two-solar-mass neutron star measured using Shapiro delay
journal, October 2010

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electromagnetic transitions in ${}^{8}{Be}$ with meson-exchange currents derived from chiral effective field theory
journal, August 2014

Gamow-Teller beta-decay rates for A ≤18 nuclei
journal, January 1993

Calculation of the neutrinoless double- $β$ decay matrix element within the realistic shell model
journal, April 2020

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of neutron matter with chiral three-body forces
journal, February 2016

Quantum Monte Carlo methods for nuclear physics
journal, September 2015

Coarse-grained NN potential with chiral two-pion exchange
journal, February 2014

Gerda: Results and perspectives
journal, August 2015

Erratum: Nuclear axial currents in chiral effective field theory [Phys. Rev. C 93 , 015501 (2016)]
journal, April 2016

Benchmark calculations of pure neutron matter with realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions
journal, April 2020

Two-pion exchange electromagnetic current in chiral effective field theory using the method of unitary transformation
journal, October 2009

Nuclear forces with Δ excitations up to next-to-next-to-leading order, part I: Peripheral nucleon-nucleon waves
journal, May 2007