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Title: Standoff detection of chemical plumes from high explosive open detonations using a swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser

Abstract

A swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser (ECQCL) is used to perform standoff detection of combustion gases in a plume generated from an outdoor high-explosive (HE) open detonation. The swept-ECQCL system was located at a standoff distance of 830 m from a 41kg charge of LX-14(polymer-bonded high explosive) and was used to measure the infrared transmission/absorption through the post-detonation plume as it propagated through the beam path. The swept-ECQCL was operated continuously to record broadband absorption spectra at 200hz rate over a spectral range from 2050 to 2230 cm-1 (4.48 - 4.88 μm). Fitting of measured spectra was used to determine time-resolved column densities of CO, CO2, H2O, and N2O. Analysis of visible video imagery was used to provide timing correlations and to estimate plume dimensions, from which gas mixing ratios were estimated. Measured emission factors and modified combustion efficiency show good agreement with previously reported values.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3];  [4];  [5]; ORCiD logo [2]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States); Opticslah, LLC, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
  2. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  3. Opticslah, LLC, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
  4. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  5. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Opticslah, LLC, Albuquerque, NM (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
OSTI Identifier:
1759982
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1686242; OSTI ID: 1698299; OSTI ID: 1713330
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-811691; PNNL-SA-155885
Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979; TRN: US2206016
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0019855; AC52-07NA27344; AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Journal of Applied Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 128; Journal Issue: 16; Journal ID: ISSN 0021-8979
Publisher:
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION; Acoustic waves; Explosives; Lasers; Infrared transmission; Gas plume; Absorption spectroscopy; Laser, explosives, infrared

Citation Formats

Phillips, Mark C., Harilal, Sivanandan S., Yeak, Jeremy, Jones, R. Jason, Wharton, Sonia, and Bernacki, Bruce E. Standoff detection of chemical plumes from high explosive open detonations using a swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1063/5.0023228.
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Phillips, Mark C., Harilal, Sivanandan S., Yeak, Jeremy, Jones, R. Jason, Wharton, Sonia, & Bernacki, Bruce E. Standoff detection of chemical plumes from high explosive open detonations using a swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0023228
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Phillips, Mark C., Harilal, Sivanandan S., Yeak, Jeremy, Jones, R. Jason, Wharton, Sonia, and Bernacki, Bruce E. Mon . "Standoff detection of chemical plumes from high explosive open detonations using a swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0023228. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1759982.
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@article{osti_1759982,
title = {Standoff detection of chemical plumes from high explosive open detonations using a swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser},
author = {Phillips, Mark C. and Harilal, Sivanandan S. and Yeak, Jeremy and Jones, R. Jason and Wharton, Sonia and Bernacki, Bruce E.},
abstractNote = {A swept-wavelength external cavity quantum cascade laser (ECQCL) is used to perform standoff detection of combustion gases in a plume generated from an outdoor high-explosive (HE) open detonation. The swept-ECQCL system was located at a standoff distance of 830 m from a 41kg charge of LX-14(polymer-bonded high explosive) and was used to measure the infrared transmission/absorption through the post-detonation plume as it propagated through the beam path. The swept-ECQCL was operated continuously to record broadband absorption spectra at 200hz rate over a spectral range from 2050 to 2230 cm-1 (4.48 - 4.88 μm). Fitting of measured spectra was used to determine time-resolved column densities of CO, CO2, H2O, and N2O. Analysis of visible video imagery was used to provide timing correlations and to estimate plume dimensions, from which gas mixing ratios were estimated. Measured emission factors and modified combustion efficiency show good agreement with previously reported values.},
doi = {10.1063/5.0023228},
journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
number = 16,
volume = 128,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Oct 26 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon Oct 26 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0023228
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