Vortex rings drive entrainment and cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge

Singh, Bhavini; Rajendran, Lalit K.; Zhang, Jiacheng; Vlachos, Pavlos P.; Bane, Sally P. M.

doi:10.1103/physrevfluids.5.114501

Title: Vortex rings drive entrainment and cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge

Abstract

Spark plasma discharges induce vortex rings and a hot gas kernel. We develop a model to describe the late stage of the spark-induced flow and the role of the vortex rings in the entrainment of cold ambient gas and the cooling of the hot gas kernel. The model is tested in a plasma-induced flow using density and velocity measurements obtained from simultaneous stereoscopic particle image velocimetry and background oriented schlieren. We show that the spatial distribution of the hot kernel follows the motion of the vortex rings, whose radial expansion increases with the electrical energy deposited during the spark discharge. Here, the vortex ring cooling model establishes that entrainment in the convective cooling regime is induced by the vortex rings and governs the cooling of the hot gas kernel, and the rate of cooling increases with the electrical energy deposited during the spark discharge.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]; Zhang, Jiacheng ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]

Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri Nov 20 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:: Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1756082

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018156

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review Fluids (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Physical Review Fluids (Online); Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-990X

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; Heat transfer; Plasma discharges; Vortex flows; Convection; Particle image velocimetry

Citation Formats


                    Singh, Bhavini, Rajendran, Lalit K., Zhang, Jiacheng, Vlachos, Pavlos P., and Bane, Sally P. M. Vortex rings drive entrainment and cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevfluids.5.114501.

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                    Singh, Bhavini, Rajendran, Lalit K., Zhang, Jiacheng, Vlachos, Pavlos P., & Bane, Sally P. M. Vortex rings drive entrainment and cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevfluids.5.114501

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                    Singh, Bhavini, Rajendran, Lalit K., Zhang, Jiacheng, Vlachos, Pavlos P., and Bane, Sally P. M. Fri .  
"Vortex rings drive entrainment and cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevfluids.5.114501.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1756082.

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@article{osti_1756082,

  title        = {Vortex rings drive entrainment and cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge},

  author       = {Singh, Bhavini and Rajendran, Lalit K. and Zhang, Jiacheng and Vlachos, Pavlos P. and Bane, Sally P. M.},

  abstractNote = {Spark plasma discharges induce vortex rings and a hot gas kernel. We develop a model to describe the late stage of the spark-induced flow and the role of the vortex rings in the entrainment of cold ambient gas and the cooling of the hot gas kernel. The model is tested in a plasma-induced flow using density and velocity measurements obtained from simultaneous stereoscopic particle image velocimetry and background oriented schlieren. We show that the spatial distribution of the hot kernel follows the motion of the vortex rings, whose radial expansion increases with the electrical energy deposited during the spark discharge. Here, the vortex ring cooling model establishes that entrainment in the convective cooling regime is induced by the vortex rings and governs the cooling of the hot gas kernel, and the rate of cooling increases with the electrical energy deposited during the spark discharge.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevfluids.5.114501},

  journal      = {Physical Review Fluids (Online)},

  number       = 11,

  volume       = 5,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri Nov 20 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Fri Nov 20 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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Title: Vortex rings drive entrainment and cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge

Abstract

Citation Formats

An exploration of inter-pulse coupling in nanosecond pulsed high frequency discharge ignition journal, June 2017

Analytical formulas for the velocity field induced by an infinitely thin vortex ring journal, February 2004

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) uncertainty quantification using moment of correlation (MC) plane journal, October 2018

100 kHz, 100 ms, 400 J burst-mode laser with dual-wavelength diode-pumped amplifiers journal, January 2014

Development of hot nitrogen kernel, produced by a very fast spark discharge journal, January 1989

Spatial evolution of the plasma kernel produced by nanosecond discharges in air journal, May 2019

Measurement of the flow field induced by a spark plasma using particle image velocimetry journal, November 2018

Improvements on the accuracy of derivative estimation from DPIV velocity measurements journal, October 2005

Ignition of Propane–Air Mixtures by a Repetitively Pulsed Nanosecond Discharge journal, January 2006

Uncertainty-based weighted least squares density integration for background-oriented schlieren journal, October 2020

Plasma-assisted ignition and combustion journal, February 2013

Uncertainty quantification in density estimation from background oriented schlieren (BOS) measurements journal, December 2019

Flow control with plasma synthetic jet actuators journal, January 2007

Simulation of the hydrodynamic expansion following a nanosecond pulsed spark discharge in air at atmospheric pressure journal, August 2013

The Velocity of Viscous Vortex Rings journal, December 1970

Mechanisms for generating coherent packets of hairpin vortices in channel flow journal, May 1999

Hydrodynamic regimes induced by nanosecond pulsed discharges in air: mechanism of vorticity generation journal, July 2019

A family of steady vortex rings journal, February 1973

Motion and Decay of a Vortex Ring journal, January 1967

Initiation and propagation of flame fronts in lean CH4-air mixtures by the three modes of the ignition spark journal, January 1979

Geometrical study of spark ignition in two dimensions journal, December 2000

Stabilization of a Turbulent Premixed Flame Using a Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed Plasma journal, January 2006

LXIII. On Integrals of the hydrodynamical equations, which express vortex-motion journal, January 1867

The effect of inter-pulse coupling on gas temperature in nanosecond-pulsed high-frequency discharges journal, July 2019

Two-dimensional model for spark discharge simulation in air journal, September 1996

Hydrodynamic ejection caused by laser-induced optical breakdown journal, February 2020

Plasma assisted ignition and combustion journal, August 2006

Assessment of advanced windowing techniques for digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) journal, June 2009

Stereoscopic digital particle image velocimetry for application in wind tunnel flows journal, December 1997

Proper orthogonal decomposition truncation method for data denoising and order reduction journal, March 2017

Modelling the impact of non-equilibrium discharges on reactive mixtures for simulations of plasma-assisted ignition in turbulent flows journal, April 2016

Two regime cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge journal, January 2020

Experimental study of the hydrodynamic expansion following a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge in air journal, September 2011

Stereo-particle image velocimetry uncertainty quantification journal, November 2016

Improvements on the accuracy of derivative estimation from DPIV velocity measurements journal, October 2005

Mechanism of flame kernel formation produced by short duration sparks journal, January 1989

Experimental study of the hydrodynamic expansion following a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge in air journal, September 2011

An exploration of inter-pulse coupling in nanosecond pulsed high frequency discharge ignition
journal, June 2017

Analytical formulas for the velocity field induced by an infinitely thin vortex ring
journal, February 2004

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) uncertainty quantification using moment of correlation (MC) plane
journal, October 2018

100 kHz, 100 ms, 400 J burst-mode laser with dual-wavelength diode-pumped amplifiers
journal, January 2014

Development of hot nitrogen kernel, produced by a very fast spark discharge
journal, January 1989

Spatial evolution of the plasma kernel produced by nanosecond discharges in air
journal, May 2019

Measurement of the flow field induced by a spark plasma using particle image velocimetry
journal, November 2018

Improvements on the accuracy of derivative estimation from DPIV velocity measurements
journal, October 2005

Ignition of Propane–Air Mixtures by a Repetitively Pulsed Nanosecond Discharge
journal, January 2006

Uncertainty-based weighted least squares density integration for background-oriented schlieren
journal, October 2020

Plasma-assisted ignition and combustion
journal, February 2013

Uncertainty quantification in density estimation from background oriented schlieren (BOS) measurements
journal, December 2019

Flow control with plasma synthetic jet actuators
journal, January 2007

Simulation of the hydrodynamic expansion following a nanosecond pulsed spark discharge in air at atmospheric pressure
journal, August 2013

The Velocity of Viscous Vortex Rings
journal, December 1970

Mechanisms for generating coherent packets of hairpin vortices in channel flow
journal, May 1999

Hydrodynamic regimes induced by nanosecond pulsed discharges in air: mechanism of vorticity generation
journal, July 2019

A family of steady vortex rings
journal, February 1973

Motion and Decay of a Vortex Ring
journal, January 1967

Initiation and propagation of flame fronts in lean CH4-air mixtures by the three modes of the ignition spark
journal, January 1979

Geometrical study of spark ignition in two dimensions
journal, December 2000

Stabilization of a Turbulent Premixed Flame Using a Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed Plasma
journal, January 2006

LXIII. On Integrals of the hydrodynamical equations, which express vortex-motion
journal, January 1867

The effect of inter-pulse coupling on gas temperature in nanosecond-pulsed high-frequency discharges
journal, July 2019

Two-dimensional model for spark discharge simulation in air
journal, September 1996

Hydrodynamic ejection caused by laser-induced optical breakdown
journal, February 2020

Plasma assisted ignition and combustion
journal, August 2006

Assessment of advanced windowing techniques for digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV)
journal, June 2009

Stereoscopic digital particle image velocimetry for application in wind tunnel flows
journal, December 1997

Proper orthogonal decomposition truncation method for data denoising and order reduction
journal, March 2017

Modelling the impact of non-equilibrium discharges on reactive mixtures for simulations of plasma-assisted ignition in turbulent flows
journal, April 2016

Two regime cooling in flow induced by a spark discharge
journal, January 2020

Experimental study of the hydrodynamic expansion following a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge in air
journal, September 2011

Stereo-particle image velocimetry uncertainty quantification
journal, November 2016

Improvements on the accuracy of derivative estimation from DPIV velocity measurements
journal, October 2005

Mechanism of flame kernel formation produced by short duration sparks
journal, January 1989

Experimental study of the hydrodynamic expansion following a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge in air
journal, September 2011