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Title: Direct-drive double-shell implosion: A platform for burning-plasma physics studies

Abstract

Double-shell ignition designs have been investigated with the indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) scheme in both simulations and experiments in which the inner-shell kinetic energy was limited to ~10 to 15 kJ, even driven by megajoule-class lasers such as the National Ignition Facility. Since direct-drive ICF can couple more energy to the imploding shells, we have performed a detailed study on direct-drive double-shell (D3S) implosions with state-of-the-art physics models implemented in radiation-hydrodynamic codes (LILAC and DRACO), including nonlocal thermal transport, cross-beam energy transfer (CBET), and first-principles-based material properties. To mitigate classical unstable interfaces, we have proposed the use of a tungsten/beryllium–mixed inner shell with gradient-density layers that can be made by magnetron sputtering. In our D3S designs, a 70-μm-thick beryllium outer shell is driven symmetrically by a high-adiabat (α ≥ 10), 1.9-MJ laser pulse to a peak velocity of ~240 km/s. Upon spherical impact, the outer shell transfers ~30 to 40 kJ of kinetic energy to the inner shell filled with deuterium–tritium gas or liquid, giving neutron-yield energies of ~6 MJ in 1-D simulations. Two-dimensional high-mode DRACO simulations indicated that such high-adiabat D3S implosions are not susceptible to laser imprint, but the long-wavelength perturbations from the laser port configuration alongmore » with CBET can be detrimental to the target performance. Yet, neutron yields of ~0.3- to 1.0-MJ energies can still be obtained from our high-mode DRACO simulations. The robust α-particle bootstrap is readily reached, which could provide a viable platform for burning-plasma physics studies. Once CBET mitigation and/or more laser energy becomes available, we believe that breakeven or moderate energy gain might be feasible with the proposed D3S scheme.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [3]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics
  2. General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
  3. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Programs (DP)
OSTI Identifier:
1739927
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1580430
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-19-25359; 2019-111; 1538
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045; TRN: US2205393
Grant/Contract Number:  
89233218CNA000001; NA0003856
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review E
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 100; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0045
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats

Hu, Suxing, Epstein, Reuben, Theobald, Wolfgang, Xu, H., Huang, Haibo, Goncharov, V. N., Regan, S. P., McKenty, P. W., Betti, R., Campbell, E. Michael, and Montgomery, David. Direct-drive double-shell implosion: A platform for burning-plasma physics studies. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1103/physreve.100.063204.
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Hu, Suxing, Epstein, Reuben, Theobald, Wolfgang, Xu, H., Huang, Haibo, Goncharov, V. N., Regan, S. P., McKenty, P. W., Betti, R., Campbell, E. Michael, & Montgomery, David. Direct-drive double-shell implosion: A platform for burning-plasma physics studies. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.100.063204
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Hu, Suxing, Epstein, Reuben, Theobald, Wolfgang, Xu, H., Huang, Haibo, Goncharov, V. N., Regan, S. P., McKenty, P. W., Betti, R., Campbell, E. Michael, and Montgomery, David. Thu . "Direct-drive double-shell implosion: A platform for burning-plasma physics studies". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.100.063204. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1739927.
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@article{osti_1739927,
title = {Direct-drive double-shell implosion: A platform for burning-plasma physics studies},
author = {Hu, Suxing and Epstein, Reuben and Theobald, Wolfgang and Xu, H. and Huang, Haibo and Goncharov, V. N. and Regan, S. P. and McKenty, P. W. and Betti, R. and Campbell, E. Michael and Montgomery, David},
abstractNote = {Double-shell ignition designs have been investigated with the indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) scheme in both simulations and experiments in which the inner-shell kinetic energy was limited to ~10 to 15 kJ, even driven by megajoule-class lasers such as the National Ignition Facility. Since direct-drive ICF can couple more energy to the imploding shells, we have performed a detailed study on direct-drive double-shell (D3S) implosions with state-of-the-art physics models implemented in radiation-hydrodynamic codes (LILAC and DRACO), including nonlocal thermal transport, cross-beam energy transfer (CBET), and first-principles-based material properties. To mitigate classical unstable interfaces, we have proposed the use of a tungsten/beryllium–mixed inner shell with gradient-density layers that can be made by magnetron sputtering. In our D3S designs, a 70-μm-thick beryllium outer shell is driven symmetrically by a high-adiabat (α ≥ 10), 1.9-MJ laser pulse to a peak velocity of ~240 km/s. Upon spherical impact, the outer shell transfers ~30 to 40 kJ of kinetic energy to the inner shell filled with deuterium–tritium gas or liquid, giving neutron-yield energies of ~6 MJ in 1-D simulations. Two-dimensional high-mode DRACO simulations indicated that such high-adiabat D3S implosions are not susceptible to laser imprint, but the long-wavelength perturbations from the laser port configuration along with CBET can be detrimental to the target performance. Yet, neutron yields of ~0.3- to 1.0-MJ energies can still be obtained from our high-mode DRACO simulations. The robust α-particle bootstrap is readily reached, which could provide a viable platform for burning-plasma physics studies. Once CBET mitigation and/or more laser energy becomes available, we believe that breakeven or moderate energy gain might be feasible with the proposed D3S scheme.},
doi = {10.1103/physreve.100.063204},
journal = {Physical Review E},
number = 6,
volume = 100,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2019},
month = {Thu Dec 12 00:00:00 EST 2019}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.100.063204
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