A Mineralogy–Based Anthropogenic Combustion–Iron Emission Inventory
Abstract
Abstract Atmospheric supply of iron can modulate ocean biogeochemistry, due to its key role in global nitrogen and carbon cycles. Current estimates predict up to 20% of global ocean net primary productivity depends on an atmospheric iron source. Using a technology‐based methodology, we revise total and soluble anthropogenic iron emissions and resolve iron into its mineral components, which allows modeling mineral‐specific atmospheric reactions. We compare different methodologies for representing anthropogenic iron solubility: measured in mild and strong leaches and estimated using a mineralogy basis and identify the emissions that are most affected by such assumptions. The inclusion of metal smelting as an iron source increases iron emissions by up to 10 times higher in the fine aerosol fraction (smaller than 1 μm) than most previous inventories. Different solubility assumptions alter anthropogenic soluble iron emissions and deposition by a factor of 20 and 10, respectively. Using solubilities measured in mild leaches and calculated by mineralogy give 20–30 Gg/yr anthropogenic emissions and 40–50 Gg/yr deposition, while those measured in strong leaches give 80–440 Gg/yr emissions and 200–450 Gg/yr deposition. This range of anthropogenic soluble iron deposition leads to global soluble iron deposition of 1,900–2,300 Gg/yr when dust, wildfires, and atmospheric processing are included, indicating such assumptions can affectmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[2];
[1]
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
- Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
- International Inst. for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg (Austria)
- Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth and Environmental Systems Science Division; USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1734785
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1782269
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0016321; DE‐Sc0016362
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 125; Journal Issue: 17; Journal ID: ISSN 2169-897X
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; aerosol; emission inventory; biogeochemical cycles; iron; solubility; anthropogenic; biogeochemistry; mineralogy; emissions
Citation Formats
Rathod, Sagar D., Hamilton, Douglas S., Mahowald, Natalie M., Klimont, Zbigniew, Corbett, James J., and Bond, Tami C. A Mineralogy–Based Anthropogenic Combustion–Iron Emission Inventory. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1029/2019jd032114.
Rathod, Sagar D., Hamilton, Douglas S., Mahowald, Natalie M., Klimont, Zbigniew, Corbett, James J., & Bond, Tami C. A Mineralogy–Based Anthropogenic Combustion–Iron Emission Inventory. United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd032114
Rathod, Sagar D., Hamilton, Douglas S., Mahowald, Natalie M., Klimont, Zbigniew, Corbett, James J., and Bond, Tami C. Mon .
"A Mineralogy–Based Anthropogenic Combustion–Iron Emission Inventory". United States. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd032114. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1734785.
@article{osti_1734785,
title = {A Mineralogy–Based Anthropogenic Combustion–Iron Emission Inventory},
author = {Rathod, Sagar D. and Hamilton, Douglas S. and Mahowald, Natalie M. and Klimont, Zbigniew and Corbett, James J. and Bond, Tami C.},
abstractNote = {Abstract Atmospheric supply of iron can modulate ocean biogeochemistry, due to its key role in global nitrogen and carbon cycles. Current estimates predict up to 20% of global ocean net primary productivity depends on an atmospheric iron source. Using a technology‐based methodology, we revise total and soluble anthropogenic iron emissions and resolve iron into its mineral components, which allows modeling mineral‐specific atmospheric reactions. We compare different methodologies for representing anthropogenic iron solubility: measured in mild and strong leaches and estimated using a mineralogy basis and identify the emissions that are most affected by such assumptions. The inclusion of metal smelting as an iron source increases iron emissions by up to 10 times higher in the fine aerosol fraction (smaller than 1 μm) than most previous inventories. Different solubility assumptions alter anthropogenic soluble iron emissions and deposition by a factor of 20 and 10, respectively. Using solubilities measured in mild leaches and calculated by mineralogy give 20–30 Gg/yr anthropogenic emissions and 40–50 Gg/yr deposition, while those measured in strong leaches give 80–440 Gg/yr emissions and 200–450 Gg/yr deposition. This range of anthropogenic soluble iron deposition leads to global soluble iron deposition of 1,900–2,300 Gg/yr when dust, wildfires, and atmospheric processing are included, indicating such assumptions can affect global soluble iron supply by about 30%. In regions where marine primary productivity is iron limited, anthropogenic combustion‐iron contributes up to half of the atmospheric soluble iron flux to the North Pacific Ocean but supplies less than 5% to the Southern Ocean.},
doi = {10.1029/2019jd032114},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
number = 17,
volume = 125,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Aug 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon Aug 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Mineralogy of Air-Pollution-Control Residues from a Secondary Lead Smelter: Environmental Implications
journal, December 2005
- Ettler, Vojtěch; Johan, Zdenek; Baronnet, Alain
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 39, Issue 23
Trace elements in coal and their behaviour during combustion in a large power station
journal, March 1995
- Querol, Xavier; Fernández-Turiel, JoséLuis; López-Soler, Angel
- Fuel, Vol. 74, Issue 3
Iron Dissolution of Dust Source Materials during Simulated Acidic Processing: The Effect of Sulfuric, Acetic, and Oxalic Acids
journal, August 2013
- Chen, Haihan; Grassian, Vicki H.
- Environmental Science & Technology
Primary anthropogenic aerosol emission trends for China, 1990–2005
journal, January 2011
- Lei, Y.; Zhang, Q.; He, K. B.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 3
Mineral matter in coals of different rank from the Asturian Central basin
journal, April 1992
- Martínez-Tarazona, M. Rosa; Spears, David A.; Palacios, JoséM.
- Fuel, Vol. 71, Issue 4
Enrichment and distribution of 24 elements within the sub-sieve particle size distribution ranges of fly ash from wastes incinerator plants
journal, December 2017
- Raclavská, Helena; Corsaro, Agnieszka; Hartmann-Koval, Silvie
- Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 203
Mössbauer studies of iron-bearing minerals in coal and coal ash
journal, May 1984
- Taneja, Sat P.; Jones, Colin H. W.
- Fuel, Vol. 63, Issue 5
Chemical composition of emissions from urban sources of fine organic aerosol
journal, April 1991
- Hildemann, Lynn M.; Markowski, Gregory R.; Cass, Glen R.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 25, Issue 4
Nature and origin of multicomponent aerial emissions of the copper–nickel smelter complex
journal, December 2002
- Barcan, Valery
- Environment International, Vol. 28, Issue 6
The reuse of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash slag as a cement substitute
journal, November 2003
- Lin, K. L.; Wang, K. S.; Tzeng, B. Y.
- Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 39, Issue 4
Stabilization of electric-arc furnace dust in concrete
journal, December 2010
- Souza, Carlos Alberto Caldas de; Machado, Alexandre Teixeira; Lima, Luiz Rogério Pinho de Andrade
- Materials Research, Vol. 13, Issue 4
Global Emissions of Trace Gases, Particulate Matter, and Hazardous Air Pollutants from Open Burning of Domestic Waste
journal, July 2014
- Wiedinmyer, Christine; Yokelson, Robert J.; Gullett, Brian K.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 16
Fine particle emissions from residual fuel oil combustion: Characterization and mechanisms of formation
journal, January 2000
- Linak, William P.; Andrew Miller, C.; Wendt, Jost O. L.
- Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 28, Issue 2
Regional and Global Emissions of Air Pollutants: Recent Trends and Future Scenarios
journal, October 2013
- Amann, Markus; Klimont, Zbigniew; Wagner, Fabian
- Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Vol. 38, Issue 1
Petrology and geochemistry of the high-sulphur coals from the Upper Permian carbonate coal measures in the Heshan Coalfield, southern China
journal, June 2003
- Shao, Longyi; Jones, Tim; Gayer, Rod
- International Journal of Coal Geology, Vol. 55, Issue 1
MERRA: NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications
journal, July 2011
- Rienecker, Michele M.; Suarez, Max J.; Gelaro, Ronald
- Journal of Climate, Vol. 24, Issue 14
Emission characterization of particulate matter in the ironmaking process
journal, October 2017
- Li, Xiaoling; Sun, Wenqiang; Zhao, Liang
- Environmental Technology, Vol. 40, Issue 3
Characterization of iron-bearing minerals in Giril lignite from Rajasthan and study of their decomposition during combustion using 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy
journal, May 2000
- Verma, H. C.; Tripathi, R. P.
- Fuel, Vol. 79, Issue 6
The fate of trace elements and bulk minerals in pulverized coal combustion in a power station
journal, April 1996
- Martinez-Tarazona, M. Rosa; Spears, D. Alan
- Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 1
Minerals in bituminous coals of the Sydney basin (Australia) and the Illinois basin (U.S.A.)
journal, July 1989
- Ward, Colin R.
- International Journal of Coal Geology, Vol. 13, Issue 1-4
Particle size and aerosol iron solubility: A high-resolution analysis of Atlantic aerosols
journal, June 2010
- Buck, Clifton S.; Landing, William M.; Resing, Joseph A.
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 120, Issue 1-4
Metal removal from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration fly ash: A comparison between chemical leaching and bioleaching
journal, February 2017
- Funari, V.; Mäkinen, J.; Salminen, J.
- Waste Management, Vol. 60
Chemical profiles of PM emitted from the iron and steel industry in northern China
journal, February 2017
- Guo, Yangyang; Gao, Xiang; Zhu, Tingyu
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 150
Chemical and leaching characteristics of ash from combustion of coal, peat and wood in a 12MW CFB – a comparative study
journal, January 1999
- Steenari, B. M.; Schelander, S.; Lindqvist, O.
- Fuel, Vol. 78, Issue 2
Chemical Characterization of Exhaust Emissions from Selected Canadian Marine Vessels: The Case of Trace Metals and Lanthanoids
journal, April 2015
- Celo, Valbona; Dabek-Zlotorzynska, Ewa; McCurdy, Mark
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 49, Issue 8
Partitioning behaviour of trace elements in a stoker-fired combustion unit: An example using bituminous coals from the Greymouth coalfield (Cretaceous), New Zealand
journal, July 2005
- Li, Z.; Clemens, A. H.; Moore, T. A.
- International Journal of Coal Geology, Vol. 63, Issue 1-2
MÖSsbauer Spectroscopy of Earth and Planetary Materials
journal, May 2006
- Dyar, M. Darby; Agresti, David G.; Schaefer, Martha W.
- Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 34, Issue 1
Composition of Light-Duty Motor Vehicle Exhaust Particulate Matter in the Denver, Colorado Area
journal, July 1999
- Cadle, Steven H.; Mulawa, Patricia A.; Hunsanger, Eric C.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 14
Characterisation of particulate matter and gaseous emissions from a large ship diesel engine
journal, May 2009
- Moldanová, Jana; Fridell, Erik; Popovicheva, Olga
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 43, Issue 16
Emissions and human health impact of particulate matter from surface mining operation—A review
journal, April 2016
- Patra, Aditya Kumar; Gautam, Sneha; Kumar, Prashant
- Environmental Technology & Innovation, Vol. 5
Anthropogenic land use estimates for the Holocene – HYDE 3.2
journal, January 2017
- Klein Goldewijk, Kees; Beusen, Arthur; Doelman, Jonathan
- Earth System Science Data, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Diel variability of soluble Fe(II) and soluble total Fe in North African dust in the trade winds at Barbados
journal, September 1997
- Zhu, X. R.; Prospero, J. M.; Millero, F. J.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 102, Issue D17
Iron deficiency limits phytoplankton growth in the north-east Pacific subarctic
journal, January 1988
- Martin, John H.; Fitzwater, Steve E.
- Nature, Vol. 331, Issue 6154
Comparison of particle emissions from small heavy fuel oil and wood-fired boilers
journal, October 2009
- Sippula, Olli; Hokkinen, Jouni; Puustinen, Harri
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 43, Issue 32
Mineralogical and elemental composition of fly ash from pilot scale fluidised bed combustion of lignite, bituminous coal, wood chips and their blends
journal, September 2007
- Koukouzas, Nikolaos; Hämäläinen, Jouni; Papanikolaou, Dimitra
- Fuel, Vol. 86, Issue 14
ECOLOGY: Global Nitrogen Overload Problem Grows Critical
journal, February 1998
- Moffat, A. S.
- Science, Vol. 279, Issue 5353
Anthropogenic iron oxide aerosols enhance atmospheric heating
journal, May 2017
- Moteki, Nobuhiro; Adachi, Kouji; Ohata, Sho
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Study on the Deferrization and Desalting for Crude Oils
journal, July 2004
- Liu, Guiling; Xu, Xinru; Gao, Jinsheng
- Energy & Fuels, Vol. 18, Issue 4
A new method for the characterisation and quantitative speciation of base metal smelter stack particulates
journal, July 2010
- Skeaff, James M.; Thibault, Yves; Hardy, David J.
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 177, Issue 1-4
Emissions from Laboratory Combustion of Wildland Fuels: Emission Factors and Source Profiles
journal, June 2007
- Chen, L. -W. Antony; Moosmüller, Hans; Arnott, W. Patrick
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 41, Issue 12
Characterisation of an Egyptian coal by Mossbauer and FT-IR spectroscopy⋆
journal, October 2003
- Ahmed, M.
- Fuel, Vol. 82, Issue 14
Investigation of the high-temperature behaviour of coal ash in reducing and oxidizing atmospheres
journal, July 1981
- Huffman, Gerald P.; Huggins, Frank E.; Dunmyre, George R.
- Fuel, Vol. 60, Issue 7
Particulate emissions from large-scale medium-speed diesel engines: 2. Chemical composition
journal, October 2011
- Sarvi, Arto; Lyyränen, Jussi; Jokiniemi, Jorma
- Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 92, Issue 10
Microchemical Investigations of Dust Emitted by a Lead Smelter
journal, May 1999
- Sobanska, Sophie; Ricq, Natacha; Laboudigue, Agnès
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 9
Physicochemical characterization of fine particles from small-scale wood combustion
journal, December 2011
- Lamberg, Heikki; Nuutinen, Kati; Tissari, Jarkko
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 45, Issue 40
Chemical profile identification of fugitive and confined particle emissions from an integrated iron and steelmaking plant
journal, April 2013
- Hleis, Dany; Fernández-Olmo, Ignacio; Ledoux, Frédéric
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 250-251
Distribution and origin of minerals in high-rank coals of the South Walker Creek area, Bowen Basin, Australia
journal, September 2013
- Permana, Asep K.; Ward, Colin R.; Li, Zhongsheng
- International Journal of Coal Geology, Vol. 116-117
Composition and size distribution of particules emissions from a coal-fired power plant in India
journal, August 2008
- Bhanarkar, A. D.; Gavane, A. G.; Tajne, D. S.
- Fuel, Vol. 87, Issue 10-11
Compositions of Particles from Selected Sources in Philadelphia for Receptor Modeling Applications
journal, November 1988
- Olmez, I.; Sheffield, A. E.; Gordon, G. E.
- JAPCA, Vol. 38, Issue 11
Mineral phases of weathered and recent electric arc furnace dust
journal, June 2008
- Martins, Fernanda Machado; Neto, José Manoel dos Reis; Cunha, Carlos Jorge da
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 154, Issue 1-3
Measurement of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources. 2. C 1 through C 30 Organic Compounds from Medium Duty Diesel Trucks
journal, May 1999
- Schauer, James J.; Kleeman, Michael J.; Cass, Glen R.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 33, Issue 10
Toxicity of atmospheric aerosols on marine phytoplankton
journal, March 2009
- Paytan, A.; Mackey, K. R. M.; Chen, Y.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 106, Issue 12
Chemical Speciation of Fe and Ni in Residual Oil Fly Ash Fine Particulate Matter Using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, November 2012
- Pattanaik, Sidhartha; Huggins, Frank E.; Huffman, Gerald P.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 46, Issue 23
Reviews and syntheses: the GESAMP atmospheric iron deposition model intercomparison study
journal, January 2018
- Myriokefalitakis, Stelios; Ito, Akinori; Kanakidou, Maria
- Biogeosciences, Vol. 15, Issue 21
Aerosol Indirect Effect on Biogeochemical Cycles and Climate
journal, November 2011
- Mahowald, N.
- Science, Vol. 334, Issue 6057
Compositional characterization of PM2.5 emitted from in-use diesel vehicles
journal, January 2010
- Kim Oanh, Nguyen Thi; Thiansathit, Worrarat; Bond, Tami C.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 44, Issue 1
Characterization of Spreader Stoker Coal Fly Ashes (SSCFA) for their use in cement-based applications
journal, December 2015
- Sow, M.; Hot, J.; Tribout, C.
- Fuel, Vol. 162
Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS)
journal, January 2018
- Hoesly, Rachel M.; Smith, Steven J.; Feng, Leyang
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Formation of fine particles enriched by V and Ni from heavy oil combustion: Anthropogenic sources and drop-tube furnace experiments
journal, February 2007
- Jang, Ha-Na; Seo, Yong-Chil; Lee, Ju-Hyung
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 41, Issue 5
Influence of Atmospheric Processes on the Solubility and Composition of Iron in Saharan Dust
journal, June 2016
- Longo, Amelia F.; Feng, Yan; Lai, Barry
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 13
Trace elements in fly ash. Dependence of concentration on particle size
journal, December 1974
- Davison, Richard L.; Natusch, David F. S.; Wallace, John R.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 13
Characterization and formation of submicron particles in coal-fired plants
journal, January 1979
- Smith, Richard D.; Campbell, James A.; Nielson, Kirk K.
- Atmospheric Environment (1967), Vol. 13, Issue 5
Mössbauer studies of iron in Lurgi gasification ashes and power plant fly and bottom ash
journal, March 1980
- Hinckley, Conrad C.; Smith, Gerard V.; Twardowska, Helena
- Fuel, Vol. 59, Issue 3
Effects of the incorporation of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration fly ash in cement pastes and mortars
journal, April 2002
- Rémond, S.; Bentz, D. P.; Pimienta, P.
- Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 32, Issue 4
Characterization of lead-recycling facility emissions at various workplaces: Major insights for sanitary risks assessment
journal, February 2011
- Uzu, G.; Sobanska, S.; Sarret, G.
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 186, Issue 2-3
Characterization of Flue Gas Residues from Municipal Solid Waste Combustors
journal, August 1998
- Le Forestier, Lydie; Libourel, Guy
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 15
Mössbauer and esr studies of the thermochemistry of illite and montmorillonite
journal, January 1989
- Michael, Paul J.; McWhinnie, William R.
- Polyhedron, Vol. 8, Issue 22
Particulate emission characterization of a biodiesel vs diesel-fuelled compression ignition transport engine: A comparative study
journal, September 2006
- Dwivedi, D.; Agarwal, A.; Sharma, M.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 40, Issue 29
Comprehensive Approach toward Understanding Element Speciation and Leaching Behavior in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Electrostatic Precipitator Ash
journal, March 1995
- Eighmy, T. Taylor.; Eusden, J. Dykstra.; Krzanowski, James E.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 29, Issue 3
Development of particulate matter speciation profiles for major sources in six cities in India
journal, October 2013
- Patil, Rashmi S.; Kumar, Rakesh; Menon, Ratish
- Atmospheric Research, Vol. 132-133
Characterization of the particulate emission by a large oil fuel fired power plant
journal, January 1983
- Bacci, P.; Del Monte, M.; Longhetto, A.
- Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol. 14, Issue 4
The Physical Transformation of the Mineral Matter in Pulverized Coal Under Simulated Combustion Conditions
journal, September 1977
- Sarofim, Adel F.; Howard, Jack B.; Padia, Ashok S.
- Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 16, Issue 3-6
Sources, transport and deposition of iron in the global atmosphere
journal, January 2015
- Wang, R.; Balkanski, Y.; Boucher, O.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 11
Characterization of particles emitted by domestic heating units fueled by distilled oil
journal, June 1993
- Sabbioni, C.; Zappia, G.
- Atmospheric Environment. Part A. General Topics, Vol. 27, Issue 8
Chemical composition of fugitive dust emitters in Mexico City
journal, August 2001
- Vega, E.; Mugica, V.; Reyes, E.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 35, Issue 23
Characterization of MSWI fly ash through mineralogy and water extraction
journal, March 2011
- Bayuseno, Athanasius P.; Schmahl, Wolfgang W.
- Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 55, Issue 5
Global modeling study of potentially bioavailable iron input from shipboard aerosol sources to the ocean: IRON FROM SHIPPING TO THE OCEAN
journal, January 2013
- Ito, Akinori
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 27, Issue 1
Effect of pH on the Formation of Goethite and Hematite from Ferrihydrite
journal, January 1983
- Schwertmann, U.
- Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 31, Issue 4
Pollutant constituents of exhaust emitted from light-duty diesel vehicles
journal, February 2012
- Chiang, Hung-Lung; Lai, Yen-Ming; Chang, Sheng-You
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 47
Aerosol iron deposition to the surface ocean — Modes of iron supply and biological responses
journal, June 2010
- Boyd, P. W.; Mackie, D. S.; Hunter, K. A.
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 120, Issue 1-4
The Community Earth System Model: A Framework for Collaborative Research
journal, September 2013
- Hurrell, James W.; Holland, M. M.; Gent, P. R.
- Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 94, Issue 9
Preparation of alinite cement from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash
journal, March 2012
- Wu, Kai; Shi, Huisheng; Schutter, Geert De
- Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 34, Issue 3
Response of acid mobilization of iron-containing mineral dust to improvement of air quality projected in the future
journal, January 2014
- Ito, A.; Xu, L.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 7
Fine Particle Emissions from Heavy Fuel Oil Combustion in a Firetube Package Boiler
journal, May 1998
- Miller, C. A.; Linak, W. P.; King, C.
- Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 134, Issue 1-6
A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion
journal, January 2004
- Bond, Tami C.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, Issue D14
Mineralogy as a critical factor of dust iron solubility: MINERALOGY AND DUST IRON SOLUBILITY
journal, April 2008
- Journet, Emilie; Desboeufs, Karine V.; Caquineau, Sandrine
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, Issue 7
Peak exposures to main components of ash and gaseous diesel exhausts in closed and open ash loading stations at biomass-fuelled power plants
journal, October 2017
- Laitinen, Juha; Koponen, Hanna; Sippula, Olli
- Chemosphere, Vol. 185
Tracing and constraining anthropogenic aerosol iron fluxes to the North Atlantic Ocean using iron isotopes
journal, June 2019
- Conway, Tim M.; Hamilton, Douglas S.; Shelley, Rachel U.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Characterization of individual fly ash particles emitted from coal- and oil-fired power plants
journal, January 1986
- Mamane, Y.; Miller, J. L.; Dzubay, T. G.
- Atmospheric Environment (1967), Vol. 20, Issue 11
Chemical composition and size of particles in emissions of a coal-fired power plant with flue gas desulfurization
journal, July 2014
- Saarnio, Karri; Frey, Anna; Niemi, Jarkko V.
- Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol. 73
Characterization of fly ash from a hazardous waste incinerator in Medellin, Colombia
journal, September 2009
- Cobo, Martha; Gálvez, Araceli; Conesa, Juan A.
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 168, Issue 2-3
Chemical characteristics of particulate matter emitted from a heavy duty diesel engine and correlation among inorganic and PAH components
journal, January 2014
- Jin, Taosheng; Qu, Liang; Liu, Shuangxi
- Fuel, Vol. 116
Cleaner fuels for ships provide public health benefits with climate tradeoffs
journal, February 2018
- Sofiev, Mikhail; Winebrake, James J.; Johansson, Lasse
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash in ceramic brick: Product characterization and environmental toxicity
journal, February 2011
- Haiying, Zhang; Youcai, Zhao; Jingyu, Qi
- Waste Management, Vol. 31, Issue 2
Biogeochemical iron budgets of the Southern Ocean south of Australia: Decoupling of iron and nutrient cycles in the subantarctic zone by the summertime supply: SOUTHERN OCEAN BIOGEOCHEMICAL IRON BUDGETS
journal, December 2009
- Bowie, Andrew R.; Lannuzel, Delphine; Remenyi, Tomas A.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 23, Issue 4
Boiler Briquette Coal versus Raw Coal: Part I—Stack Gas Emissions
journal, April 2001
- Ge, Su; Bai, Zhipeng; Liu, Weili
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 51, Issue 4
A study on the chemical and mineralogical characterization of MSWI fly ash using a sequential extraction procedure
journal, June 2006
- Wan, Xiao; Wang, Wei; Ye, Tunmin
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 134, Issue 1-3
Chemical, physical, structural and morphological characterization of the electric arc furnace dust
journal, August 2006
- Machado, J.; Brehm, F.; Moraes, C.
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 136, Issue 3
Speciation and mobility of cadmium in straw and wood combustion fly ash
journal, October 2001
- Hansen, Henrik K.; Pedersen, Anne J.; Ottosen, Lisbeth M.
- Chemosphere, Vol. 45, Issue 1
Factors influencing aerosol solubility during cloud processes
journal, July 2001
- Desboeufs, K. V.; Losno, R.; Colin, J. L.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 35, Issue 20
Trace element concentration as a function of particle size in fly ash from a pulverized coal utility boiler
journal, September 1985
- Markowski, Gregory R.; Filby, Roy.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 19, Issue 9
Atmospheric processing of iron in mineral and combustion aerosols: development of an intermediate-complexity mechanism suitable for Earth system models
journal, January 2018
- Scanza, Rachel A.; Hamilton, Douglas S.; Perez Garcia-Pando, Carlos
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 19
Coal Combustion Fly Ash Characterization: Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy
journal, September 1980
- Rothenberg, S. J.; Denee, P.; Holloway, P.
- Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 34, Issue 5
Aerosol trace metal leaching and impacts on marine microorganisms
journal, July 2018
- Mahowald, Natalie M.; Hamilton, Douglas S.; Mackey, Katherine R. M.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Biomass burning as a source of dissolved iron to the open ocean?: DISSOLVED IRON FROM BIOMASS BURNING
journal, October 2005
- Guieu, Cécile; Bonnet, Sophie; Wagener, Thibaut
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, Issue 19
Emission Characterization and Efficiency Measurements of High-Efficiency Wood Boilers
journal, November 2011
- Chandrasekaran, Sriraam R.; Laing, James R.; Holsen, Thomas M.
- Energy & Fuels, Vol. 25, Issue 11
Role of protozoan grazing in relieving iron limitation of phytoplankton
journal, March 1996
- Barbeau, Katherine; Moffett, James W.; Caron, David A.
- Nature, Vol. 380, Issue 6569
The analytical characterization of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash: methods and preliminary results
journal, December 1999
- Fermo, P.; Cariati, F.; Pozzi, A.
- Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 365, Issue 8
Assessment of leaching protocols to determine the solubility of trace metals in aerosols
journal, February 2020
- Perron, Morgane M. G.; Strzelec, Michal; Gault-Ringold, Melanie
- Talanta, Vol. 208
Mössbauer effect study of fly and bottom ashes from an electric generating plant
journal, March 2009
- Vandenberghe, R. E.; de Resende, V. G.; De Grave, E.
- Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 191, Issue 1-3
Decomposition and oxidation of pyrite
journal, January 2006
- Hu, Guilin; Dam-Johansen, Kim; Wedel, Stig
- Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 32, Issue 3
SEM/EDS and XRD characterization of raw and washed MSWI fly ash sintered at different temperatures
journal, February 2009
- Liu, Yangsheng; Zheng, Liting; Li, Xiaodong
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 162, Issue 1
Combustion Aerosols: Factors Governing Their Size and Composition and Implications to Human Health
journal, September 2000
- Lighty, JoAnn Slama; Veranth, John M.; Sarofim, Adel F.
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 50, Issue 9
Improved methodologies for Earth system modelling of atmospheric soluble iron and observation comparisons using the Mechanism of Intermediate complexity for Modelling Iron (MIMI v1.0)
journal, January 2019
- Hamilton, Douglas S.; Scanza, Rachel A.; Feng, Yan
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 12, Issue 9
PM2.5 Chemical Source Profiles of Emissions Resulting from Industrial and Domestic Burning Activities in India
journal, January 2014
- Matawle, JeevanLal; Pervez, Shamsh; Dewangan, Shippi
- Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Vol. 14, Issue 7
Morphological and chemical characterization of iron-rich fly ash fractions
journal, April 1986
- Norton, Glenn A.; Markuszewski, Richard.; Shanks, Howard R.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 20, Issue 4
The last decade of global anthropogenic sulfur dioxide: 2000–2011 emissions
journal, January 2013
- Klimont, Z.; Smith, S. J.; Cofala, J.
- Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Iron-containing phases in fly ashes from different combustion systems
journal, March 2015
- Szumiata, Tadeusz; Gzik-Szumiata, Małgorzata; Brzózka, Katarzyna
- Nukleonika, Vol. 60, Issue 1
Mineralogy of ash of some American coals: variations with temperature and source
journal, April 1976
- Mitchell, R.; Gluskoter, H.
- Fuel, Vol. 55, Issue 2
Pyrogenic iron: The missing link to high iron solubility in aerosols
journal, May 2019
- Ito, Akinori; Myriokefalitakis, Stelios; Kanakidou, Maria
- Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 5
Disassembling Iron Availability to Phytoplankton
journal, January 2012
- Shaked, Yeala; Lis, Hagar
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 3
Anthropogenic combustion iron as a complex climate forcer
journal, April 2018
- Matsui, Hitoshi; Mahowald, Natalie M.; Moteki, Nobuhiro
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
The comparison of source contributions from residential coal and low-smoke fuels, using CMB modeling, in South Africa
journal, April 2002
- Engelbrecht, Johann P.; Swanepoel, Leon; Chow, Judith C.
- Environmental Science & Policy, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Dissolution and solubility of trace metals from natural and anthropogenic aerosol particulate matter
journal, January 2005
- Desboeufs, K. V.; Sofikitis, A.; Losno, R.
- Chemosphere, Vol. 58, Issue 2
Iron transformations during combustion of Pittsburgh no. 8 coal
journal, March 2009
- Zeng, Taofang; Helble, Joseph J.; Bool, Lawrence E.
- Fuel, Vol. 88, Issue 3
Iron solubility driven by speciation in dust sources to the ocean
journal, April 2009
- Schroth, Andrew W.; Crusius, John; Sholkovitz, Edward R.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 2, Issue 5
Occurrence, abundance and origin of minerals in coals and coal ashes
journal, August 1996
- Vassilev, Stanislav V.; Vassileva, Christina G.
- Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 2
Particulate emissions from biodiesel vs diesel fuelled compression ignition engine
journal, August 2011
- Agarwal, Avinash Kumar; Gupta, Tarun; Kothari, Abhishek
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 15, Issue 6
Chemical and size characterization of particles emitted from the burning of coal and wood in rural households in Guizhou, China
journal, May 2012
- Zhang, Hefeng; Wang, Shuxiao; Hao, Jiming
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 51
PM2.5 chemical source profiles for vehicle exhaust, vegetative burning, geological material, and coal burning in Northwestern Colorado during 1995
journal, June 2001
- Watson, John G.; Chow, Judith C.; Houck, James E.
- Chemosphere, Vol. 43, Issue 8
Primary particles in ship emissions
journal, February 2008
- Fridell, Erik; Steen, Erica; Peterson, Kjell
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 42, Issue 6
Coal-derived unburned carbons in fly ash: A review
journal, June 2017
- Hower, James C.; Groppo, John G.; Graham, Uschi M.
- International Journal of Coal Geology, Vol. 179
Impacts of atmospheric nutrient inputs on marine biogeochemistry
journal, January 2010
- Krishnamurthy, Aparna; Moore, J. Keith; Mahowald, Natalie
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 115, Issue G1
Observations on the nature of fly ash particles
journal, June 1989
- Tazaki, K.; Fyfe, W. S.; Sahu, K. C.
- Fuel, Vol. 68, Issue 6
Anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions: 1850–2005
journal, January 2011
- Smith, S. J.; van Aardenne, J.; Klimont, Z.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 3
Solubility of Iron from Combustion Source Particles in Acidic Media Linked to Iron Speciation
journal, September 2012
- Fu, Hongbo; Lin, Jun; Shang, Guangfeng
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 46, Issue 20
Iron speciation in coal fly ashes—chemical and Mössbauer analysis
journal, November 2013
- Szumiata, T.; Brzózka, K.; Górka, B.
- Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 226, Issue 1-3
Partitioning of trace inorganic elements in a coal-fired power plant equipped with a wet Flue Gas Desulphurisation system
journal, February 2012
- Córdoba, Patricia; Ochoa-Gonzalez, Raquel; Font, Oriol
- Fuel, Vol. 92, Issue 1
Characterisation of Spanish coal by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy
journal, March 1999
- Ahmed, M. A.; Vandenberghe, R. E.; Grave, E. De
- Fuel, Vol. 78, Issue 4
Comparison of Particle Size Distributions and Elemental Partitioning from the Combustion of Pulverized Coal and Residual Fuel Oil
journal, August 2000
- Linak, William P.; Miller, C. Andrew; Wendt, Jost O. L.
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 50, Issue 8
Atmospheric Processing of Combustion Aerosols as a Source of Bioavailable Iron
journal, February 2015
- Ito, Akinori
- Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Vol. 2, Issue 3
Physicochemical and redox characteristics of particulate matter (PM) emitted from gasoline and diesel passenger cars
journal, November 2006
- Geller, Michael D.; Ntziachristos, Leonidas; Mamakos, Athanasios
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 40, Issue 36
Atmospheric Iron Deposition: Global Distribution, Variability, and Human Perturbations
journal, January 2009
- Mahowald, Natalie M.; Engelstaedter, Sebastian; Luo, Chao
- Annual Review of Marine Science, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Submicrometer Aerosol Mass Distributions of Emissions from Boilers, Fireplaces, Automobiles, Diesel Trucks, and Meat-Cooking Operations
journal, January 1991
- Hildemann, Lynn M.; Markowski, Gregorry R.; Jones, Michael C.
- Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 14, Issue 1
Iron Minerals in Coal, Weathered Coal and Coal Ash – SEM and Mössbauer Results
journal, January 2003
- Waanders, F. B.; Vinken, E.; Mans, A.
- Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 148/149, Issue 1-4
Volatilisation of major, minor, and trace elements during thermal processing of fly ashes from waste- and wood-fired power plants in oxidising and reducing gas atmospheres
journal, February 2020
- Lane, Daniel J.; Sippula, Olli; Koponen, Hanna
- Waste Management, Vol. 102
Characterization of Fugitive Material within a Primary Lead Smelter
journal, October 2001
- Ohmsen, Graham S.
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 51, Issue 10
Atmospheric and marine controls on aerosol iron solubility in seawater
journal, June 2010
- Baker, A. R.; Croot, P. L.
- Marine Chemistry, Vol. 120, Issue 1-4
Mössbauer spectroscopic investigation of iron species in coal
journal, January 1978
- Smith, Gerard V.; Liu, Juei-Ho; Saporoschenko, Mykola
- Fuel, Vol. 57, Issue 1
Mineralogy and geochemistry of the No. 6 Coal (Pennsylvanian) in the Junger Coalfield, Ordos Basin, China
journal, April 2006
- Dai, Shifeng; Ren, Deyi; Chou, Chen-Lin
- International Journal of Coal Geology, Vol. 66, Issue 4
Behaviour of selected minerals in an improved ash fusion test: quartz, potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, kaolinite, illite, calcite, dolomite, siderite, pyrite and apatite
journal, October 1999
- Reifenstein, A. P.; Kahraman, H.; Coin, C. D. A.
- Fuel, Vol. 78, Issue 12
Characterization of Fine Particulate Matter Produced by Combustion of Residual Fuel Oil
journal, July 2000
- Huffman, Gerald P.; Huggins, Frank E.; Shah, Naresh
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 50, Issue 7
Coal Fly Ash as a Source of Iron in Atmospheric Dust
journal, February 2012
- Chen, Haihan; Laskin, Alexander; Baltrusaitis, Jonas
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 46, Issue 4
Particulate matter speciation profiles for light-duty gasoline vehicles in the United States
journal, December 2013
- Sonntag, Darrell B.; Baldauf, Richard W.; Yanca, Catherine A.
- Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, Vol. 64, Issue 5
Reactions of Iron Pyrite: Its Thermal Decomposition, Reduction by Hydrogen and Air Oxidation
journal, November 1947
- Schwab, George-Maria; Philinis, John
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 69, Issue 11
Processes and patterns of oceanic nutrient limitation
journal, March 2013
- Moore, C. M.; Mills, M. M.; Arrigo, K. R.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 6, Issue 9
Experimental studies on particle emissions from cruising ship, their characteristic properties, transformation and atmospheric lifetime in the marine boundary layer
journal, January 2008
- Petzold, A.; Hasselbach, J.; Lauer, P.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 9
Soluble Transition Metals Mediate Residual oil fly ash Induced Acute lung Injury
journal, February 1997
- Kevin L. Dreher, Richard H. Jaskot,,
- Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Vol. 50, Issue 3
Size Distribution, Chemical Composition, and Hygroscopicity of Fine Particles Emitted from an Oil-Fired Heating Plant
journal, November 2013
- Happonen, Matti; Mylläri, Fanni; Karjalainen, Panu
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 24
Estimation of atmospheric nutrient inputs to the Atlantic Ocean from 50°N to 50°S based on large-scale field sampling: Iron and other dust-associated elements: ATLANTIC ATMOSPHERIC IRON INPUTS
journal, August 2013
- Baker, A. R.; Adams, C.; Bell, T. G.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 27, Issue 3
A Fourier transform infrared study of the oxidation of pyrite
journal, February 1993
- Dunn, J. G.; Gong, Wenqi; Shi, Dingguo
- Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 215
Atmospheric dissolved iron deposition to the global oceans: effects of oxalate-promoted Fe dissolution, photochemical redox cycling, and dust mineralogy
journal, January 2013
- Johnson, M. S.; Meskhidze, N.
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 6, Issue 4
Transformations of iron minerals during coal oxidation
journal, September 1987
- Cole, D.; Simmons, G.; Herman, R.
- Fuel, Vol. 66, Issue 9
Investigation of the transformations of pyrite in a drop-tube furnace
journal, April 1989
- Huffman, Gerald P.; Huggins, Frank E.; Levasseur, Armand A.
- Fuel, Vol. 68, Issue 4
Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of coal fly ash from fluidized‐bed and conventional combustion
journal, October 1982
- Mumford, Judy Lee; Lewtas, Joellen
- Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Vol. 10, Issue 4-5
Fireplace and woodstove fine particle emissions from combustion of western Mediterranean wood types
journal, August 2011
- Alves, Célia; Gonçalves, Cátia; Fernandes, Ana Patrícia
- Atmospheric Research, Vol. 101, Issue 3
Toward a minimal representation of aerosols in climate models: description and evaluation in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5
journal, January 2012
- Liu, X.; Easter, R. C.; Ghan, S. J.
- Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 5, Issue 3
Iron Solubility Related to Particle Sulfur Content in Source Emission and Ambient Fine Particles
journal, May 2012
- Oakes, M.; Ingall, E. D.; Lai, B.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 46, Issue 12
Updated emissions from ocean shipping
journal, January 2003
- Corbett, James J.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, Issue D20
Global Phosphorus Scarcity and Full-Scale P-Recovery Techniques: A Review
journal, November 2014
- Desmidt, Evelyn; Ghyselbrecht, Karel; Zhang, Yang
- Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 45, Issue 4
Trace element behavior in coal-fired power plants
journal, August 1994
- Meij, Ruud
- Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 39, Issue 1-3
Particle Emissions from a Marine Engine: Chemical Composition and Aromatic Emission Profiles under Various Operating Conditions
journal, September 2014
- Sippula, O.; Stengel, B.; Sklorz, M.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 19
Room-temperature dissolution of coal fly ash for trace metal analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry
journal, May 1979
- Silberman, David; Fisher, Gerald L.
- Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 106, Issue 2
An improved metal extraction procedure for the determination of trace metals in sea water by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization
journal, May 1978
- Danielsson, Lars-Göran; Magnusson, Bertil; Westerlund, Stig
- Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 98, Issue 1
Fine particle and trace element emissions from an anthracite coal-fired power plant equipped with a bag-house in China
journal, August 2008
- Yi, Honghong; Hao, Jiming; Duan, Lei
- Fuel, Vol. 87, Issue 10-11
Mössbauer spectroscopic studies on the transformations of iron-bearing minerals during combustion of coals: Correlation with fouling and slagging
journal, March 1995
- Ram, L. C.; Tripathi, P. S. M.; Mishra, S. P.
- Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 42, Issue 1
Gridded emissions of air pollutants for the period 1970–2012 within EDGAR v4.3.2
journal, January 2018
- Crippa, Monica; Guizzardi, Diego; Muntean, Marilena
- Earth System Science Data, Vol. 10, Issue 4
Characterization and acid-mobilization study of iron-containing mineral dust source materials: IRON-CONTAINING DUST SOURCE MATERIALS
journal, March 2008
- Cwiertny, David M.; Baltrusaitis, Jonas; Hunter, Gordon J.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 113, Issue D5
Multielemental Determination of GEOTRACES Key Trace Metals in Seawater by ICPMS after Preconcentration Using an Ethylenediaminetriacetic Acid Chelating Resin
journal, August 2008
- Sohrin, Yoshiki; Urushihara, Shouhei; Nakatsuka, Seiji
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 80, Issue 16
In situ high-temperature phase transformation studies on pyrite
journal, June 2009
- Bhargava, S. K.; Garg, A.; Subasinghe, N. D.
- Fuel, Vol. 88, Issue 6
Characterization of Merta Road lignite and decompositional study of its pyrite using Mössbauer spectroscopy
journal, July 1990
- Tripathi, R. P.; Shrivastavas, K. L.
- Fuel, Vol. 69, Issue 7
Global anthropogenic emissions of particulate matter including black carbon
journal, January 2017
- Klimont, Zbigniew; Kupiainen, Kaarle; Heyes, Chris
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 14
Historical (1850–2000) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols: methodology and application
journal, January 2010
- Lamarque, J. -F.; Bond, T. C.; Eyring, V.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 15
Transformation of Hematite to Goethite in Soils
journal, August 1971
- Schwertmann, U.
- Nature, Vol. 232, Issue 5313
57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study of Japanese cedar bark — The variation in chemical states of iron due to influence of human activities
journal, April 1992
- Matsuo, Motoyuki; Kobayashi, Takaaki; Singh, Tej Bahadur
- Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 71, Issue 1-4
Global Iron Connections Between Desert Dust, Ocean Biogeochemistry, and Climate
journal, April 2005
- Jickells, T. D.
- Science, Vol. 308, Issue 5718
Influence of measurement uncertainties on fractional solubility of iron in mineral aerosols over the oceans
journal, September 2016
- Meskhidze, Nicholas; Johnson, Matthew S.; Hurley, David
- Aeolian Research, Vol. 22
Size and Composition Distribution of Fine Particulate Matter Emitted from Motor Vehicles
journal, April 2000
- Kleeman, Michael J.; Schauer, James J.; Cass, Glen R.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 34, Issue 7
Proposal for resources, utilization and processes of red mud in India — A review
journal, January 2013
- Samal, Sneha; Ray, Ajoy K.; Bandopadhyay, Amitava
- International Journal of Mineral Processing, Vol. 118
The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017
journal, August 2018
- Schlitzer, Reiner; Anderson, Robert F.; Dodas, Elena Masferrer
- Chemical Geology, Vol. 493
Analysis, origin and significance of mineral matter in coal: An updated review
journal, August 2016
- Ward, Colin R.
- International Journal of Coal Geology, Vol. 165
Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution
journal, March 2002
- Pope III, C. Arden
- JAMA, Vol. 287, Issue 9
Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate: Shipping
journal, December 2010
- Eyring, Veronika; Isaksen, Ivar S. A.; Berntsen, Terje
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 44, Issue 37
Chemical mass balance source apportionment of PM10 in an industrialized urban area of Northern Greece
journal, January 2003
- Samara, C.; Kouimtzis, Th; Tsitouridou, R.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 37, Issue 1
The origin of water soluble particulate iron in the Asian atmospheric outflow: ORIGIN OF ASIAN WATER-SOLUBLE IRON
journal, April 2005
- Chuang, P. Y.; Duvall, R. M.; Shafer, M. M.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, Issue 7
Characteristics and composition of fly ash from Canadian coal-fired power plants
journal, July 2006
- Goodarzi, F.
- Fuel, Vol. 85, Issue 10-11
In-use gaseous and particulate matter emissions from a modern ocean going container vessel
journal, July 2008
- Agrawal, Harshit; Malloy, Quentin G. J.; Welch, William A.
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 42, Issue 21
Role of dust alkalinity in acid mobilization of iron
journal, January 2010
- Ito, A.; Feng, Y.
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 19
Improving Spatial Representation of Global Ship Emissions Inventories
journal, January 2008
- Wang, Chengfeng; Corbett, James J.; Firestone, Jeremy
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 42, Issue 1
Chemical characterization and source apportionment of PM2.5 in a semi-arid and petrochemical-industrialized city, Northwest China
journal, December 2016
- Wang, Yanan; Jia, Chenhui; Tao, Jun
- Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 573
A study of the extraction of vanadium and nickel in oil-fired fly ash
journal, June 1998
- Tsai, Shang-Lin; Tsai, Min-Shing
- Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 22, Issue 3-4
Fate and abatement of mercury and other trace elements in a coal fluidised bed oxy combustion pilot plant
journal, May 2012
- Font, O.; Córdoba, P.; Leiva, C.
- Fuel, Vol. 95
Trace Metal Particulate Emission Test Results from a Number of Industrial and Municipal Point Sources
journal, October 1977
- Jacko, Robert B.; Neuendorf, David W.
- Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, Vol. 27, Issue 10
A Review on the Kaolinite-Mullite Transformation
journal, January 1977
- Chaudhuri, S. P.
- Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society, Vol. 36, Issue 4
Copper leaching from chalcopyrite concentrates
journal, July 2005
- Wang, Shijie
- JOM, Vol. 57, Issue 7
Iron mobilization in mineral dust: Can anthropogenic SO 2 emissions affect ocean productivity?
journal, January 2003
- Meskhidze, N.
- Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 30, Issue 21
Chemical characterisation of fine particle emissions from wood stove combustion of common woods growing in mid-European Alpine regions
journal, January 2008
- Schmidl, Christoph; Marr, Iain L.; Caseiro, Alexandre
- Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 42, Issue 1
Compound forms of fossil fuel fly ash emissions
journal, April 1980
- Henry, William M.; Knapp, Kenneth T.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 14, Issue 4
The biogeochemical cycle of iron in the ocean
journal, September 2010
- Boyd, P. W.; Ellwood, M. J.
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 3, Issue 10
Effects of atmospheric inorganic nitrogen deposition on ocean biogeochemistry
journal, January 2007
- Krishnamurthy, Aparna; Moore, J. Keith; Zender, Charles S.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue G2
Metal extraction from municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator fly ash—Chemical leaching and fungal bioleaching
journal, April 2006
- Wu, Hung-Yee; Ting, Yen-Peng
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology, Vol. 38, Issue 6
Kinetics of mineral matter transformation during coal combustion1
journal, July 2002
- Tomeczek, J.; Palugniok, H.
- Fuel, Vol. 81, Issue 10
Emissions of Particulate Trace Elements, Metals and Organic Species from Gasoline, Diesel, and Biodiesel Passenger Vehicles and Their Relation to Oxidative Potential
journal, June 2010
- Cheung, K. L.; Ntziachristos, L.; Tzamkiozis, T.
- Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 44, Issue 7
Study of fly ash emission during combustion of coal
journal, October 1976
- Block, Chantal.; Dams, Richard.
- Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 10, Issue 10
Historical emissions of black and organic carbon aerosol from energy-related combustion, 1850-2000: HISTORICAL BC/OC EMISSIONS
journal, May 2007
- Bond, Tami C.; Bhardwaj, Ekta; Dong, Rong
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 21, Issue 2
Aerosol iron and aluminum solubility in the northwest Pacific Ocean: Results from the 2002 IOC cruise: AEROSOL FE AND AL SOLUBILITY
journal, April 2006
- Buck, Clifton S.; Landing, William M.; Resing, Joseph A.
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 7, Issue 4
Determination of various types of labile atmospheric iron over remote oceans: METHOD FOR LABILE ATMOSPHERIC IRON
journal, December 2003
- Chen, Y.; Siefert, R. L.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 108, Issue D24
Radiative forcing by light-absorbing aerosols of pyrogenetic iron oxides
journal, May 2018
- Ito, Akinori; Lin, Guangxing; Penner, Joyce E.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Particulate emissions from commercial shipping: Chemical, physical, and optical properties
journal, January 2009
- Lack, Daniel A.; Corbett, James J.; Onasch, Timothy
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114
Direct determination of iron in acidified (pH 1.7) seawater samples by flow injection analysis with catalytic spectrophotometric detection: Application and intercomparison: Direct determination of iron in seawater at pH 1.7
journal, June 2006
- Lohan, Maeve C.; Aguilar-Islas, Ana M.; Bruland, Kenneth W.
- Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, Vol. 4, Issue 6
Combustion iron distribution and deposition: COMBUSTION IRON
journal, February 2008
- Luo, Chao; Mahowald, N.; Bond, T.
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 22, Issue 1
Iron cycling and nutrient-limitation patterns in surface waters of the World Ocean
journal, January 2001
- Moore, J. Keith; Doney, Scott C.; Glover, David M.
- Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Vol. 49, Issue 1-3
Impacts of atmospheric nutrient deposition on marine productivity: Roles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron: ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION TO OCEANS
journal, June 2011
- Okin, Gregory S.; Baker, Alex R.; Tegen, Ina
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 25, Issue 2
Constraining a Historical Black Carbon Emission Inventory of the United States for 1960–2000
journal, April 2019
- Sun, T.; Liu, L.; Flanner, M. G.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 7
Human Alteration of the Global Nitrogen Cycle: Sources and Consequences
journal, August 1997
- Vitousek, Peter M.; Aber, John D.; Howarth, Robert W.
- Ecological Applications, Vol. 7, Issue 3