Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Conventional Diesel Combustion: Extending the Load Range in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector

Nilsen, Christopher W.; Biles, Drummond E.; Yraguen, Boni F.; Mueller, Charles J.

doi:10.4271/03-14-01-0004

Title: Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Conventional Diesel Combustion: Extending the Load Range in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector

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Abstract

Ducted fuel injection (DFI) is a technique to attenuate soot formation in compression ignition engines relative to conventional diesel combustion (CDC). The concept is to inject fuel through a small tube inside the combustion chamber to reduce equivalence ratios in the autoignition zone relative to CDC. DFI has been studied at loads as high as 8.5 bar gross indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP_g) and as low as 2.5 bar IMEP_g using a four-orifice fuel injector. Across previous studies, DFI has been shown to attenuate soot emissions, increase NO_x emissions (at constant charge dilution), and slightly decrease fuel conversion efficiencies for most tested points. This study expands on the previous work by testing 1.1 bar IMEPg (low-load/idle) conditions and 10 bar IMEPg (higher-load) conditions with the same four-orifice fuel injector, as well as examining potential causes of the degradations in NO_x emissions and fuel conversion efficiencies. DFI and CDC are directly compared at each operating point in the study. At the low-load condition, the intake charge dilution was swept to elucidate the soot and NO_x performance of DFI. The low-load range is important because it is the target of impending, more-stringent emissions regulations, and DFI is shown to be a potentiallymore »« less

Authors:

Nilsen, Christopher W. ^[1]; Biles, Drummond E. ^[1]; Yraguen, Boni F. ^[1]; Mueller, Charles J. ^[1]

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

OSTI Identifier:: 1725838

Report Number(s):: SAND-2020-11528J
Journal ID: ISSN 1946-3944; 692122

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: SAE International Journal of Engines (Online); Journal Volume: 14; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1946-3944

Publisher:: SAE International

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING; Diesel/compression ignition engines; combustion chambers; environmental regulations and standards; fuel injection; combustion and combustion processes; optics

Citation Formats


                    Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., Yraguen, Boni F., and Mueller, Charles J. Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Conventional Diesel Combustion: Extending the Load Range in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.4271/03-14-01-0004.

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                    Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., Yraguen, Boni F., & Mueller, Charles J. Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Conventional Diesel Combustion: Extending the Load Range in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4271/03-14-01-0004

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                    Nilsen, Christopher W., Biles, Drummond E., Yraguen, Boni F., and Mueller, Charles J. Tue .  
"Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Conventional Diesel Combustion: Extending the Load Range in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4271/03-14-01-0004.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1725838.

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@article{osti_1725838,

  title        = {Ducted Fuel Injection vs. Conventional Diesel Combustion: Extending the Load Range in an Optical Engine with a Four-Orifice Fuel Injector},

  author       = {Nilsen, Christopher W. and Biles, Drummond E. and Yraguen, Boni F. and Mueller, Charles J.},

  abstractNote = {Ducted fuel injection (DFI) is a technique to attenuate soot formation in compression ignition engines relative to conventional diesel combustion (CDC). The concept is to inject fuel through a small tube inside the combustion chamber to reduce equivalence ratios in the autoignition zone relative to CDC. DFI has been studied at loads as high as 8.5 bar gross indicated mean effective pressure (IMEPg) and as low as 2.5 bar IMEPg using a four-orifice fuel injector. Across previous studies, DFI has been shown to attenuate soot emissions, increase NOx emissions (at constant charge dilution), and slightly decrease fuel conversion efficiencies for most tested points. This study expands on the previous work by testing 1.1 bar IMEPg (low-load/idle) conditions and 10 bar IMEPg (higher-load) conditions with the same four-orifice fuel injector, as well as examining potential causes of the degradations in NOx emissions and fuel conversion efficiencies. DFI and CDC are directly compared at each operating point in the study. At the low-load condition, the intake charge dilution was swept to elucidate the soot and NOx performance of DFI. The low-load range is important because it is the target of impending, more-stringent emissions regulations, and DFI is shown to be a potentially effective approach for helping to meet these regulations. The results also indicate that DFI likely has slightly decreased fuel conversion efficiencies relative to CDC. We find that the increase in NOx emissions with DFI is likely due to longer charge gas residence times at higher temperatures, which arise from shorter combustion durations and advanced combustion phasing relative to CDC.},

  doi          = {10.4271/03-14-01-0004},

  journal      = {SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 14,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020},

  month        = {Tue Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020}

}

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