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Title: Near-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-Forming Galaxies from eBOSS: Signatures Of Ubiquitous Galactic-Scale Outflows

Abstract

We present rest-frame near-ultraviolet (NUV) spectroscopy of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at 0.6 < z < 1.2 from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) in SDSS-IV. One of the eBOSS programs is to obtain 2" (about 15 kpc) fiber spectra of about 200,000 emission-line galaxies (ELGs) at redshift z ≳ 0.6. We use the data from the pilot observations of this program, including 8620 spectra of SFGs at 0.6 < z < 1.2. The median composite spectra of these SFGs at 2200 Å < λ < 4000 Å feature asymmetric, preferentially blueshifted non-resonant emission, Fe ii*, and blueshifted resonant absorption, e.g., Fe ii and Mg ii, indicating ubiquitous outflows driven by star formation at these redshifts. For the absorption lines, we find a variety of velocity profiles with different degrees of blueshift. Comparing our new observations with the literature, we do not observe the non-resonant emission in the small-aperture (<40 pc) spectra of local star-forming regions with the Hubble Space Telescope, and find the observed line ratios in the SFG spectra to be different from those in the spectra of local star-forming regions, as well as those of quasar absorption-line systems in the same redshift range. We introduce an outflowmore » model that can simultaneously explain the multiple observed properties and suggest that the variety of absorption velocity profiles and the line ratio differences are caused by scattered fluorescent emission filling in on top of the absorption in the large-aperture eBOSS spectra. We develop an observation-driven, model-independent method to correct the emission infill to reveal the true absorption profiles. Finally, we show that the strengths of both the non-resonant emission and the emission-corrected resonant absorption increase with [O ii] λλ3727, 3730 rest equivalent width and luminosity, with a slightly larger dependence on the former. Our results show that the eBOSS and future dark-energy surveys (e.g., Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey and Prime Focus Spectrograph survey) will provide rich data sets of rest-frame NUV spectroscopy for astrophysical applications.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [4]; ORCiD logo [5];  [6];  [4];  [7];  [8]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
  2. Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid (Spain)
  3. Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (Switzlerland). Lab. dástrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
  4. Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Centre de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
  5. Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
  6. Univ. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
  7. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China). National Astronomical Observatories
  8. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation of Spain (MINECO); Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
OSTI Identifier:
1688387
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0009959; HST-HF2-51351; NAS 5-26555
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 815; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: ISM; intergalactic medium; quasars: absorption lines; surveys; ultraviolet: galaxies

Citation Formats

Zhu, Guangtun Ben, Comparat, Johan, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Delubac, Timothée, Raichoor, Anand, Dawson, Kyle S., Newman, Jeffrey, Yèche, Christophe, Zhou, Xu, and Schneider, Donald P. Near-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-Forming Galaxies from eBOSS: Signatures Of Ubiquitous Galactic-Scale Outflows. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/815/1/48.
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Zhu, Guangtun Ben, Comparat, Johan, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Delubac, Timothée, Raichoor, Anand, Dawson, Kyle S., Newman, Jeffrey, Yèche, Christophe, Zhou, Xu, & Schneider, Donald P. Near-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-Forming Galaxies from eBOSS: Signatures Of Ubiquitous Galactic-Scale Outflows. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/815/1/48
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Zhu, Guangtun Ben, Comparat, Johan, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Delubac, Timothée, Raichoor, Anand, Dawson, Kyle S., Newman, Jeffrey, Yèche, Christophe, Zhou, Xu, and Schneider, Donald P. Tue . "Near-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-Forming Galaxies from eBOSS: Signatures Of Ubiquitous Galactic-Scale Outflows". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/815/1/48. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1688387.
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@article{osti_1688387,
title = {Near-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-Forming Galaxies from eBOSS: Signatures Of Ubiquitous Galactic-Scale Outflows},
author = {Zhu, Guangtun Ben and Comparat, Johan and Kneib, Jean-Paul and Delubac, Timothée and Raichoor, Anand and Dawson, Kyle S. and Newman, Jeffrey and Yèche, Christophe and Zhou, Xu and Schneider, Donald P.},
abstractNote = {We present rest-frame near-ultraviolet (NUV) spectroscopy of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at 0.6 < z < 1.2 from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) in SDSS-IV. One of the eBOSS programs is to obtain 2" (about 15 kpc) fiber spectra of about 200,000 emission-line galaxies (ELGs) at redshift z ≳ 0.6. We use the data from the pilot observations of this program, including 8620 spectra of SFGs at 0.6 < z < 1.2. The median composite spectra of these SFGs at 2200 Å < λ < 4000 Å feature asymmetric, preferentially blueshifted non-resonant emission, Fe ii*, and blueshifted resonant absorption, e.g., Fe ii and Mg ii, indicating ubiquitous outflows driven by star formation at these redshifts. For the absorption lines, we find a variety of velocity profiles with different degrees of blueshift. Comparing our new observations with the literature, we do not observe the non-resonant emission in the small-aperture (<40 pc) spectra of local star-forming regions with the Hubble Space Telescope, and find the observed line ratios in the SFG spectra to be different from those in the spectra of local star-forming regions, as well as those of quasar absorption-line systems in the same redshift range. We introduce an outflow model that can simultaneously explain the multiple observed properties and suggest that the variety of absorption velocity profiles and the line ratio differences are caused by scattered fluorescent emission filling in on top of the absorption in the large-aperture eBOSS spectra. We develop an observation-driven, model-independent method to correct the emission infill to reveal the true absorption profiles. Finally, we show that the strengths of both the non-resonant emission and the emission-corrected resonant absorption increase with [O ii] λλ3727, 3730 rest equivalent width and luminosity, with a slightly larger dependence on the former. Our results show that the eBOSS and future dark-energy surveys (e.g., Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey and Prime Focus Spectrograph survey) will provide rich data sets of rest-frame NUV spectroscopy for astrophysical applications.},
doi = {10.1088/0004-637x/815/1/48},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 815,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Dec 08 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Tue Dec 08 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
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