Crystallization Mechanism in Spark Plasma Sintered Bulk Metallic Glass Analyzed using Small Angle Neutron Scattering
Abstract
Understanding the thermal stability of metallic glasses is critical to determining their safe temperatures of service. In this paper, the crystallization mechanism in spark plasma sintered Fe48Cr15Mo14Y2C15B6 metallic glass is established by analyzing the crystal size distribution using x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and in-situ small angle neutron scattering. Isothermal annealing at 700 °C and 725 °C for 100 min resulted in the formation of (Fe,Cr)23C6 crystals, measured from transmission electron micrographs, to be from 10 to 30 nm. The small angle neutron scattering intensity measured in-situ, over a Q-range of 0.02 to 0.3 Å-1, during isothermal annealing of the sintered samples, confirmed the presence of (Fe,Cr)23C6 crystals. The measured scattering intensity, fitted by the maximum entropy model, over the Q-range of 0.02 to 0.06 Å-1, revealed that the crystals had radii ranging from 3 to 18 nm. The total volume fraction of crystals were estimated to be 0.13 and 0.22 upon isothermal annealing at 700 °C and 725 °C for 100 min respectively. The mechanism of crystallization in this spark plasma sintered iron based metallic glass was established to be from pre-existing nuclei as confirmed by Avrami exponents of 0.25 ± 0.01 and 0.39 ± 0.01 at the aforesaidmore »
- Authors:
-
[4];
- Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK (United States); Welspun Pipes, Inc., Little Rock, AR (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1660451
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; CMMI-1462602
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Scientific Reports
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 42 ENGINEERING
Citation Formats
Paul, Tanaji, Singh, Ashish, Littrell, Kenneth C., Ilavsky, Jan, and Harimkar, Sandip P. Crystallization Mechanism in Spark Plasma Sintered Bulk Metallic Glass Analyzed using Small Angle Neutron Scattering. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58748-3.
Paul, Tanaji, Singh, Ashish, Littrell, Kenneth C., Ilavsky, Jan, & Harimkar, Sandip P. Crystallization Mechanism in Spark Plasma Sintered Bulk Metallic Glass Analyzed using Small Angle Neutron Scattering. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58748-3
Paul, Tanaji, Singh, Ashish, Littrell, Kenneth C., Ilavsky, Jan, and Harimkar, Sandip P. Thu .
"Crystallization Mechanism in Spark Plasma Sintered Bulk Metallic Glass Analyzed using Small Angle Neutron Scattering". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58748-3. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1660451.
@article{osti_1660451,
title = {Crystallization Mechanism in Spark Plasma Sintered Bulk Metallic Glass Analyzed using Small Angle Neutron Scattering},
author = {Paul, Tanaji and Singh, Ashish and Littrell, Kenneth C. and Ilavsky, Jan and Harimkar, Sandip P.},
abstractNote = {Understanding the thermal stability of metallic glasses is critical to determining their safe temperatures of service. In this paper, the crystallization mechanism in spark plasma sintered Fe48Cr15Mo14Y2C15B6 metallic glass is established by analyzing the crystal size distribution using x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and in-situ small angle neutron scattering. Isothermal annealing at 700 °C and 725 °C for 100 min resulted in the formation of (Fe,Cr)23C6 crystals, measured from transmission electron micrographs, to be from 10 to 30 nm. The small angle neutron scattering intensity measured in-situ, over a Q-range of 0.02 to 0.3 Å-1, during isothermal annealing of the sintered samples, confirmed the presence of (Fe,Cr)23C6 crystals. The measured scattering intensity, fitted by the maximum entropy model, over the Q-range of 0.02 to 0.06 Å-1, revealed that the crystals had radii ranging from 3 to 18 nm. The total volume fraction of crystals were estimated to be 0.13 and 0.22 upon isothermal annealing at 700 °C and 725 °C for 100 min respectively. The mechanism of crystallization in this spark plasma sintered iron based metallic glass was established to be from pre-existing nuclei as confirmed by Avrami exponents of 0.25 ± 0.01 and 0.39 ± 0.01 at the aforesaid temperatures.},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-58748-3},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Feb 06 00:00:00 EST 2020},
month = {Thu Feb 06 00:00:00 EST 2020}
}
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Phase-field modelling of microstructural evolution in primary crystallization
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Microstructure and properties of spark plasma sintered Fe–Cr–Mo–Y–B–C bulk metallic glass
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Effect of Co addition on the shear viscosity of Fe-based bulk metallic glasses
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Crystallization kinetics of Zr 60 Cu 25 Fe 5 Al 10 bulk metallic glass
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Designing in situ and ex situ bulk metallic glass composites via spark plasma sintering in the super cooled liquid state
journal, March 2016
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Electro-spark deposition of Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings
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Characterization of the neutron detector upgrade to the GP-SANS and Bio-SANS instruments at HFIR
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Fe-based bulk metallic glass matrix composite with large plasticity
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The kinetics of devitrification of amorphous alloys: The time–temperature–crystallinity diagram describing the spark plasma sintering of Fe-based metallic glasses
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On Joule heating during spark plasma sintering of metal powders
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- Chawake, Niraj; Pinto, Linford D.; Srivastav, Ajeet K.
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Effect of strain hardening and volume fraction of crystalline phase on strength and ductility of bulk metallic glass composites
journal, November 2016
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Viscous flow activation energy adaptation by isochronal spark plasma sintering
journal, January 2017
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Bulk glasses and ultrahard nanoceramics based on alumina and rare-earth oxides
journal, August 2004
- Rosenflanz, A.; Frey, M.; Endres, B.
- Nature, Vol. 430, Issue 7001
Ductility of bulk nanocrystalline composites and metallic glasses at room temperature
journal, July 2000
- Fan, Cang; Inoue, Akihisa
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 1
Synthesis of iron-based bulk metallic glasses as nonferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys
journal, August 2003
- Ponnambalam, V.; Poon, S. Joseph; Shiflet, Gary J.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 83, Issue 6
Soft magnetic ternary iron-boron-based bulk metallic glasses
journal, April 2005
- Lin, Chih-Yuan; Tien, Hung-Yu; Chin, Tsung-Shune
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 16
New Fe-metalloids based nanocrystalline alloys with high Bs of 1.9T and excellent magnetic softness
journal, April 2009
- Makino, Akihiro; Men, He; Kubota, Takeshi
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 105, Issue 7
Kinetic transition in the growth of Al nanocrystals in Al-Sm alloys
journal, March 2012
- Imhoff, S. D.; Ilavsky, J.; Zhang, F.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 111, Issue 6
Nanocrystallization in spark plasma sintered Fe 48 Cr 15 Mo 14 Y 2 C 15 B 6 bulk amorphous alloy
journal, August 2013
- Singh, Ashish; Katakam, Shravana; Ilavsky, Jan
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 114, Issue 5
Initial stage densification during spark plasma sintering of Fe-based amorphous alloy powder: Analysis of viscous flow
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- Paul, Tanaji; Harimkar, Sandip P.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 120, Issue 13
Under what conditions can a glass be formed?
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Prediction of heating rate controlled viscous flow activation energy during spark plasma sintering of amorphous alloy powders
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- Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 50, Issue 27
Mechanical properties of iron-based bulk metallic glasses
journal, September 2006
- Gu, X. J.; Poon, S. Joseph; Shiflet, Gary J.
- Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 22, Issue 2
Corrosion Resistance of Fe-16%Cr-30%Mo-(C,B,P) Amorphous Coatings Sprayed by HVOF and APS Processes
journal, January 2005
- Otsubo, Fumitaka; Kishitake, Katsuhiko
- MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS, Vol. 46, Issue 1
Soft Magnetic Properties and Wide Supercooled Liquid Region of Fe–P–B–Si Base Amorphous Alloys
journal, January 1996
- Inoue, Akihisa; Park, Rae Eun
- Materials Transactions, JIM, Vol. 37, Issue 11
Thermal and Magnetic Properties of Fe56Co7Ni7Zr10−xNbxB20 Amorphous Alloys with Wide Supercooled Liquid Range
journal, January 1997
- Inoue, Akihisa; Koshiba, Hisato; Zhang, Tao
- Materials Transactions, JIM, Vol. 38, Issue 7
High Corrosion Resistance of Chromium-Bearing Amorphous Iron Alloys in Neutral and Acidic Solutions Containing Chloride
journal, April 1976
- Naka, Masaaki; Hashimoto, Koji; Masumoto, Tsuyoshi
- CORROSION, Vol. 32, Issue 4