Lightwave terahertz quantum manipulation of nonequilibrium superconductor phases and their collective modes
Abstract
We present a gauge-invariant density matrix description of nonequilibrium superconductor (SC) states with spatial and temporal correlations driven by intense terahertz (THz) lightwaves. We derive superconductor Bloch-Maxwell equations of motion that extend Anderson pseudospin models to include the Cooper pair center-of-mass motion and electromagnetic propagation effects. We thus describe quantum control of dynamical phases, collective modes, quasiparticle coherence, and high nonlinearities during cycles of carrier wave oscillations, which relates to our recent experiments. Coherent photogeneration of a nonlinear supercurrent with a dc component, achieved via condensate acceleration by an effective lightwave field, dynamically breaks the equilibrium inversion symmetry. Experimental signatures include high harmonic light emission at equilibrium-symmetry-forbidden frequencies, Rabi-Higgs collective modes and quasiparticle coherence, and nonequilibrium moving condensate states tuned by few-cycle THz fields. We use such lightwaves as an oscillating accelerating force that drives strong nonlinearities and anisotropic quasiparticle populations to control and amplify different classes of collective modes, e.g., damped oscillations, persistent oscillations, and overdamped dynamics via Rabi flopping. Recent phase-coherent nonlinear spectroscopy experiments can be modeled by solving the full nonlinear quantum dynamics including self-consistent light-matter coupling.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1]
- Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, AL (United States)
- Ames Lab., and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States); Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, AL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1658569
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1971739
- Report Number(s):
- IS-J-10,303
Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950; TRN: US2203348
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-07CH11358; SC0019137
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review. B
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 102; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Citation Formats
Mootz, M., Wang, J., and Perakis, I. E. Lightwave terahertz quantum manipulation of nonequilibrium superconductor phases and their collective modes. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1103/physrevb.102.054517.
Mootz, M., Wang, J., & Perakis, I. E. Lightwave terahertz quantum manipulation of nonequilibrium superconductor phases and their collective modes. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.054517
Mootz, M., Wang, J., and Perakis, I. E. Mon .
"Lightwave terahertz quantum manipulation of nonequilibrium superconductor phases and their collective modes". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.102.054517. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1658569.
@article{osti_1658569,
title = {Lightwave terahertz quantum manipulation of nonequilibrium superconductor phases and their collective modes},
author = {Mootz, M. and Wang, J. and Perakis, I. E.},
abstractNote = {We present a gauge-invariant density matrix description of nonequilibrium superconductor (SC) states with spatial and temporal correlations driven by intense terahertz (THz) lightwaves. We derive superconductor Bloch-Maxwell equations of motion that extend Anderson pseudospin models to include the Cooper pair center-of-mass motion and electromagnetic propagation effects. We thus describe quantum control of dynamical phases, collective modes, quasiparticle coherence, and high nonlinearities during cycles of carrier wave oscillations, which relates to our recent experiments. Coherent photogeneration of a nonlinear supercurrent with a dc component, achieved via condensate acceleration by an effective lightwave field, dynamically breaks the equilibrium inversion symmetry. Experimental signatures include high harmonic light emission at equilibrium-symmetry-forbidden frequencies, Rabi-Higgs collective modes and quasiparticle coherence, and nonequilibrium moving condensate states tuned by few-cycle THz fields. We use such lightwaves as an oscillating accelerating force that drives strong nonlinearities and anisotropic quasiparticle populations to control and amplify different classes of collective modes, e.g., damped oscillations, persistent oscillations, and overdamped dynamics via Rabi flopping. Recent phase-coherent nonlinear spectroscopy experiments can be modeled by solving the full nonlinear quantum dynamics including self-consistent light-matter coupling.},
doi = {10.1103/physrevb.102.054517},
journal = {Physical Review. B},
number = 5,
volume = 102,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Aug 24 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Mon Aug 24 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Twisting Anderson pseudospins with light: Quench dynamics in terahertz-pumped BCS superconductors
journal, March 2017
- Chou, Yang-Zhi; Liao, Yunxiang; Foster, Matthew S.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 10
Femtosecond Coherent Dynamics of the Fermi-Edge Singularity and Exciton Hybrid
journal, February 2000
- Shahbazyan, T. V.; Primozich, N.; Perakis, I. E.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 84, Issue 9
Theory of light-induced resonances with collective Higgs and Leggett modes in multiband superconductors
journal, March 2017
- Murotani, Yuta; Tsuji, Naoto; Aoki, Hideo
- Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 10
Coherent band-edge oscillations and dynamic longitudinal-optical phonon mode splitting as evidence for polarons in perovskites
journal, March 2020
- Liu, Z.; Vaswani, C.; Luo, L.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 11
Light control of surface–bulk coupling by terahertz vibrational coherence in a topological insulator
journal, February 2020
- Yang, Xu; Luo, Liang; Vaswani, Chirag
- npj Quantum Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Excitons and Plasmons in Superconductors
journal, February 1961
- Bardasis, A.; Schrieffer, J. R.
- Physical Review, Vol. 121, Issue 4
Light-Induced Superconductivity in a Stripe-Ordered Cuprate
journal, January 2011
- Fausti, D.; Tobey, R. I.; Dean, N.
- Science, Vol. 331, Issue 6014
Real-time observation of interfering crystal electrons in high-harmonic generation
journal, July 2015
- Hohenleutner, M.; Langer, F.; Schubert, O.
- Nature, Vol. 523, Issue 7562
Leggett mode controlled by light pulses
journal, January 2019
- Giorgianni, Flavio; Cea, Tommaso; Vicario, Carlo
- Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 4
Gauge-Invariant Theory of the Dynamical Interaction of Charge Density Waves and Superconductivity
journal, September 1981
- Littlewood, P. B.; Varma, C. M.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 47, Issue 11
Linear and nonlinear optical properties of excitons in semiconductor quantum wells and microcavities
journal, March 1997
- Jahnke, F.; Kira, M.; Koch, S. W.
- Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter, Vol. 104, Issue 3
Dynamical Vanishing of the Order Parameter in a Fermionic Condensate
journal, June 2006
- Yuzbashyan, Emil A.; Dzero, Maxim
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 23
Synchronization in the BCS Pairing Dynamics as a Critical Phenomenon
journal, June 2006
- Barankov, R. A.; Levitov, L. S.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 23
Amplitude Higgs Mode and Admittance in Superconductors with a Moving Condensate
journal, January 2017
- Moor, Andreas; Volkov, Anatoly F.; Efetov, Konstantin B.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 4
Ultrafast manipulation of topologically enhanced surface transport driven by mid-infrared and terahertz pulses in Bi2Se3
journal, February 2019
- Luo, L.; Yang, X.; Liu, X.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Correlating quasiparticle excitations with quantum femtosecond magnetism in photoexcited nonequilibrium states of insulating antiferromagnetic manganites
journal, June 2017
- Lingos, P. C.; Patz, A.; Li, T.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 22
Infrared Activation of the Higgs Mode by Supercurrent Injection in Superconducting NbN
journal, June 2019
- Nakamura, Sachiko; Iida, Yudai; Murotani, Yuta
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 25
Population inversion and dynamical phase transitions in a driven superconductor
journal, December 2018
- Collado, H. P. Ojeda; Lorenzana, José; Usaj, Gonzalo
- Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 21
Ultrafast Coulomb-induced dynamics of quantum well magnetoexcitons
journal, December 2000
- Shahbazyan, T. V.; Primozich, N.; Perakis, I. E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 62, Issue 23
Higgs Mode in Superconductors
journal, September 2019
- Shimano, Ryo; Tsuji, Naoto
- Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Collective Rabi Oscillations and Solitons in a Time-Dependent BCS Pairing Problem
journal, October 2004
- Barankov, R. A.; Levitov, L. S.; Spivak, B. Z.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 16
Raman Scattering by Superconducting-Gap Excitations and Their Coupling to Charge-Density Waves
journal, August 1980
- Sooryakumar, R.; Klein, M. V.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 8
Nonlinear optical response of collective modes in multiband superconductors assisted by nonmagnetic impurities
journal, June 2019
- Murotani, Yuta; Shimano, Ryo
- Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 22
Theory of coherent-oscillations generation in terahertz pump-probe spectroscopy: From phonons to electronic collective modes
journal, October 2019
- Udina, Mattia; Cea, Tommaso; Benfatto, Lara
- Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 16
Gauge-invariant microscopic kinetic theory of superconductivity: Application to the optical response of Nambu-Goldstone and Higgs modes
journal, September 2019
- Yang, F.; Wu, M. W.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 10
Visibility of the amplitude (Higgs) mode in condensed matter
journal, November 2011
- Podolsky, Daniel; Auerbach, Assa; Arovas, Daniel P.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 17
Light-induced collective pseudospin precession resonating with Higgs mode in a superconductor
journal, July 2014
- Matsunaga, R.; Tsuji, N.; Fujita, H.
- Science, Vol. 345, Issue 6201
Possible light-induced superconductivity in K3C60 at high temperature
journal, February 2016
- Mitrano, M.; Cantaluppi, A.; Nicoletti, D.
- Nature, Vol. 530, Issue 7591
Nonequilibrium Pair Breaking in Superconductors: Evidence for Formation of a Photoinduced Excitonic State
journal, December 2018
- Yang, X.; Luo, L.; Mootz, M.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 26
Higgs Amplitude Mode in the BCS Superconductors Induced by Terahertz Pulse Excitation
journal, July 2013
- Matsunaga, Ryusuke; Hamada, Yuki I.; Makise, Kazumasa
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 5
Ultrafast Light-Induced Magnetization Dynamics of Ferromagnetic Semiconductors
journal, February 2006
- Chovan, J.; Kavousanaki, E. G.; Perakis, I. E.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 5
Ultrafast nonthermal terahertz electrodynamics and possible quantum energy transfer in the superconductor
journal, March 2019
- Yang, X.; Zhao, X.; Vaswani, C.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 9
Quasi-Particles and Gauge Invariance in the Theory of Superconductivity
journal, February 1960
- Nambu, Yoichiro
- Physical Review, Vol. 117, Issue 3
The Higgs mode in disordered superconductors close to a quantum phase transition
journal, January 2015
- Sherman, Daniel; Pracht, Uwe S.; Gorshunov, Boris
- Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 2
Lightwave-driven gapless superconductivity and forbidden quantum beats by terahertz symmetry breaking
journal, July 2019
- Yang, X.; Vaswani, C.; Sundahl, C.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 13, Issue 10
Generation of unipolar pulses from nonunipolar optical pulses in a nonlinear medium
journal, August 2011
- Kozlov, Victor V.; Rosanov, Nikolay N.; De Angelis, Costantino
- Physical Review A, Vol. 84, Issue 2
Manipulating femtosecond spin-orbit torques with laser pulse sequences to control magnetic memory states and ringing
journal, May 2015
- Lingos, P. C.; Wang, J.; Perakis, I. E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 19
Amplitude/Higgs Modes in Condensed Matter Physics
journal, March 2015
- Pekker, David; Varma, C. M.
- Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Nonlinear optical study of the Fermi edge singularity: differences from atomic excitons in the virtual excitation regime
journal, January 1996
- Perakis, I. E.; Brener, I.; Knox, W. H.
- Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Vol. 13, Issue 6
Ultrafast probes of nonequilibrium hole spin relaxation in the ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs
journal, April 2015
- Patz, Aaron; Li, Tianqi; Liu, Xinyu
- Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 15
Femtosecond Coherent Control of Spins in (Ga,Mn)As Ferromagnetic Semiconductors Using Light
journal, July 2009
- Kapetanakis, M. D.; Perakis, I. E.; Wickey, K. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, Issue 4
Higgs oscillations in time-resolved optical conductivity
journal, November 2019
- Kumar, A.; Kemper, A. F.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 17
Critical speeding up of nonequilibrium electronic relaxation near nematic phase transition in unstrained Ba( )
journal, April 2017
- Patz, A.; Li, T.; Luo, L.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 16
Electrodynamics of superconductors
journal, June 2004
- Hirsch, J. E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 69, Issue 21
Femtosecond control of the magnetization in ferromagnetic semiconductors
journal, February 2008
- Chovan, J.; Perakis, I. E.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 77, Issue 8
Terahertz Second-Harmonic Generation from Lightwave Acceleration of Symmetry-Breaking Nonlinear Supercurrents
journal, May 2020
- Vaswani, C.; Mootz, M.; Sundahl, C.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 20
Ultrafast terahertz snapshots of excitonic Rydberg states and electronic coherence in an organometal halide perovskite
journal, June 2017
- Luo, Liang; Men, Long; Liu, Zhaoyu
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
A photoinduced metal-like phase of monoclinic VO 2 revealed by ultrafast electron diffraction
journal, October 2014
- Morrison, Vance R.; Chatelain, Robert. P.; Tiwari, Kunal L.
- Science, Vol. 346, Issue 6208
Light-Driven Raman Coherence as a Nonthermal Route to Ultrafast Topology Switching in a Dirac Semimetal
journal, April 2020
- Vaswani, C.; Wang, L. -L.; Mudiyanselage, D. H.
- Physical Review X, Vol. 10, Issue 2
Spin Correlations in Nonlinear Optical Response: Light-Induced Kondo Effect
journal, June 2000
- Shahbazyan, T. V.; Perakis, I. E.; Raikh, M. E.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 84, Issue 25
Phase-resolved Higgs response in superconducting cuprates
journal, April 2020
- Chu, Hao; Kim, Min-Jae; Katsumi, Kota
- Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1
Polarization dependence of the third-harmonic generation in multiband superconductors
journal, March 2018
- Cea, T.; Barone, P.; Castellani, C.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 9
Random-Phase Approximation in the Theory of Superconductivity
journal, December 1958
- Anderson, P. W.
- Physical Review, Vol. 112, Issue 6
Higgs Boson in Superconductors
journal, January 2002
- Varma, C. M.
- Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 126, Issue 3/4, p. 901-909
Coupling of Higgs and Leggett modes in non-equilibrium superconductors
journal, June 2016
- Krull, H.; Bittner, N.; Uhrig, G. S.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Transport Equations for Superconductors
journal, July 1965
- Stephen, M. J.
- Physical Review, Vol. 139, Issue 1A
Amplitude collective modes in superconductors and their coupling to charge-density waves
journal, November 1982
- Littlewood, P. B.; Varma, C. M.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 26, Issue 9
Gauge-invariant theory of quasiparticle and condensate dynamics in response to terahertz optical pulses in superconducting semiconductor quantum wells. I. -wave superconductivity in the weak spin-orbit coupling limit
journal, October 2017
- Yu, T.; Wu, M. W.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 15
Ultrafast observation of critical nematic fluctuations and giant magnetoelastic coupling in iron pnictides
journal, February 2014
- Patz, Aaron; Li, Tianqi; Ran, Sheng
- Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Nonlinear optical effects and third-harmonic generation in superconductors: Cooper pairs versus Higgs mode contribution
journal, May 2016
- Cea, T.; Castellani, C.; Benfatto, L.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 18
Terahertz-light quantum tuning of a metastable emergent phase hidden by superconductivity
journal, June 2018
- Yang, X.; Vaswani, C.; Sundahl, C.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 7
Femtosecond switching of magnetism via strongly correlated spin–charge quantum excitations
journal, April 2013
- Li, Tianqi; Patz, Aaron; Mouchliadis, Leonidas
- Nature, Vol. 496, Issue 7443
Relaxation and Persistent Oscillations of the Order Parameter in Fermionic Condensates
journal, March 2006
- Yuzbashyan, Emil A.; Tsyplyatyev, Oleksandr; Altshuler, Boris L.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 9
Gauge-invariant microscopic kinetic theory of superconductivity in response to electromagnetic fields
journal, September 2018
- Yang, F.; Wu, M. W.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 9
Subcycle observation of lightwave-driven Dirac currents in a topological surface band
journal, September 2018
- Reimann, J.; Schlauderer, S.; Schmid, C. P.
- Nature, Vol. 562, Issue 7727
Sub-cycle control of terahertz high-harmonic generation by dynamical Bloch oscillations
journal, January 2014
- Schubert, O.; Hohenleutner, M.; Langer, F.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Coherent dynamics and pump-probe spectra of BCS superconductors
journal, December 2007
- Papenkort, T.; Axt, V. M.; Kuhn, T.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 22
Lightwave-driven quasiparticle collisions on a subcycle timescale
journal, May 2016
- Langer, F.; Hohenleutner, M.; Schmid, C. P.
- Nature, Vol. 533, Issue 7602
Non-thermal separation of electronic and structural orders in a persisting charge density wave
journal, July 2014
- Porer, M.; Leierseder, U.; Ménard, J. -M.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 9
Possible light-induced superconductivity in K3C60 at high temperature
journal, February 2016
- Mitrano, M.; Cantaluppi, A.; Nicoletti, D.
- Nature, Vol. 530, Issue 7591
Works referencing / citing this record:
Light quantum control of persisting Higgs modes in iron-based superconductors
journal, January 2021
- Vaswani, C.; Kang, J. H.; Mootz, M.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Third harmonic generation from collective modes in disordered superconductors
text, January 2020
- Seibold, G.; Udina, M.; Castellani, C.
- arXiv