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Title: High-throughput experimentation for microstructural design in additively manufactured 316L stainless steel

Abstract

In the present study, a combination of high-throughput (HT) and low-throughput (LT) techniques was used to rapidly determine the processing window and generate processing maps for Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of 316L stainless steel. The HT method includes the fabrication of hundreds of hex nut-shaped specimens, each processed with a unique combination of laser power, scanning speed, and hatch spacing. An easily removable scaffolding permitted rapid sample extraction from the base plate, thus saving machining cost and time. Hardness and immersion density measurements were used for HT characterization to identify a processing window for maximum strength and density. Within the defined processing window, a low-throughput (LT) microstructural interrogation of specimens were performed. The microstructural analysis included quantification at various length scales (i.e., grains size and morphology, texture, primary dendrite arm spacing, and melt pool geometry analysis). Microstructure-based processing maps as a function of volumetric energy density were generated. The combination of HT and LT methods produced a predictive relationship between hardness and primary dendrite arm spacing using a Hall-Petch relationship. A model is proposed to explain the dependence of microstructure on the melt pool geometry. Here, the HT method can be applied for the microstructural design of SLM-fabricated components inmore » other alloys.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1]
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  1. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1644050
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1638315
Grant/Contract Number:  
NA0003921; DMR-1720415
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Materials Science and Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 793; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0921-5093
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; 316L stainless steel; High-throughput experiments; Processing maps

Citation Formats

Agrawal, Ankur Kumar, Meric de Bellefon, Gabriel, and Thoma, Dan. High-throughput experimentation for microstructural design in additively manufactured 316L stainless steel. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2020.139841.
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Agrawal, Ankur Kumar, Meric de Bellefon, Gabriel, & Thoma, Dan. High-throughput experimentation for microstructural design in additively manufactured 316L stainless steel. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.139841
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Agrawal, Ankur Kumar, Meric de Bellefon, Gabriel, and Thoma, Dan. Thu . "High-throughput experimentation for microstructural design in additively manufactured 316L stainless steel". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.139841. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1644050.
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@article{osti_1644050,
title = {High-throughput experimentation for microstructural design in additively manufactured 316L stainless steel},
author = {Agrawal, Ankur Kumar and Meric de Bellefon, Gabriel and Thoma, Dan},
abstractNote = {In the present study, a combination of high-throughput (HT) and low-throughput (LT) techniques was used to rapidly determine the processing window and generate processing maps for Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of 316L stainless steel. The HT method includes the fabrication of hundreds of hex nut-shaped specimens, each processed with a unique combination of laser power, scanning speed, and hatch spacing. An easily removable scaffolding permitted rapid sample extraction from the base plate, thus saving machining cost and time. Hardness and immersion density measurements were used for HT characterization to identify a processing window for maximum strength and density. Within the defined processing window, a low-throughput (LT) microstructural interrogation of specimens were performed. The microstructural analysis included quantification at various length scales (i.e., grains size and morphology, texture, primary dendrite arm spacing, and melt pool geometry analysis). Microstructure-based processing maps as a function of volumetric energy density were generated. The combination of HT and LT methods produced a predictive relationship between hardness and primary dendrite arm spacing using a Hall-Petch relationship. A model is proposed to explain the dependence of microstructure on the melt pool geometry. Here, the HT method can be applied for the microstructural design of SLM-fabricated components in other alloys.},
doi = {10.1016/j.msea.2020.139841},
journal = {Materials Science and Engineering. A, Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing},
number = C,
volume = 793,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jul 02 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Thu Jul 02 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.139841
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