Impact of coolant temperature on piston wall-wetting and smoke generation in a stratified-charge DISI engine operated on E30 fuel
Abstract
A late-injection strategy is typically adopted in stratified-charge direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines to improve combustion stability for lean operation, but this may induce wall wetting on the piston surface and result in high soot emissions. E30 fuel, i.e., gasoline with 30% ethanol, is a potential alternative fuel that can offer a high Research Octane Number. However, the relatively high ethanol content increases the heat of vaporization, potentially exacerbating wall-wetting issues in DISI engines. In this study, the Refractive Index Matching (RIM) technique is used to measure fuel wall films in the piston bowl. The RIM implementation uses a novel LED illumination, integrated in the piston assembly and providing side illumination of the piston-bowl window. This RIM diagnostics in combination with high-speed imaging was used to investigate the impact of coolant temperature on the characteristics of wall wetting and combustion in an optical DISI engine fueled with E30. The experiments reveal that the smoke emissions increase drastically from 0.068 FSN to 1.14 FSN when the coolant temperature is reduced from 90 °C to 45 °C. Consistent with this finding, natural flame luminosity imaging reveals elevated soot incandescence with a reduction of the coolant temperature, indicative of pool fires. Further,more »
- Authors:
-
[3];
- Beijing Inst. of Technology (China); Beijing Electric Vehicle Collaborative Innovation Center (China)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Technische Univ. Darmstadt (Germany)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); German Research Foundation (DFG); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1639075
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2020-6553J
Journal ID: ISSN 1540-7489; 686944
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000; 51476011; NA0003525
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Proceedings of the Combustion Institute
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 37; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 1540-7489
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 42 ENGINEERING; Refractive index matching; Direct injection spark ignition engine; Wall wetting; Combustion; Coolant temperature
Citation Formats
He, Xu, Li, Yankai, Sjöberg, Carl Magnus Goran, Vuilleumier, David, Ding, Carl-Philipp, Liu, Fushui, and Li, Xiangrong. Impact of coolant temperature on piston wall-wetting and smoke generation in a stratified-charge DISI engine operated on E30 fuel. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.proci.2018.07.073.
He, Xu, Li, Yankai, Sjöberg, Carl Magnus Goran, Vuilleumier, David, Ding, Carl-Philipp, Liu, Fushui, & Li, Xiangrong. Impact of coolant temperature on piston wall-wetting and smoke generation in a stratified-charge DISI engine operated on E30 fuel. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.07.073
He, Xu, Li, Yankai, Sjöberg, Carl Magnus Goran, Vuilleumier, David, Ding, Carl-Philipp, Liu, Fushui, and Li, Xiangrong. Mon .
"Impact of coolant temperature on piston wall-wetting and smoke generation in a stratified-charge DISI engine operated on E30 fuel". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.07.073. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1639075.
@article{osti_1639075,
title = {Impact of coolant temperature on piston wall-wetting and smoke generation in a stratified-charge DISI engine operated on E30 fuel},
author = {He, Xu and Li, Yankai and Sjöberg, Carl Magnus Goran and Vuilleumier, David and Ding, Carl-Philipp and Liu, Fushui and Li, Xiangrong},
abstractNote = {A late-injection strategy is typically adopted in stratified-charge direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines to improve combustion stability for lean operation, but this may induce wall wetting on the piston surface and result in high soot emissions. E30 fuel, i.e., gasoline with 30% ethanol, is a potential alternative fuel that can offer a high Research Octane Number. However, the relatively high ethanol content increases the heat of vaporization, potentially exacerbating wall-wetting issues in DISI engines. In this study, the Refractive Index Matching (RIM) technique is used to measure fuel wall films in the piston bowl. The RIM implementation uses a novel LED illumination, integrated in the piston assembly and providing side illumination of the piston-bowl window. This RIM diagnostics in combination with high-speed imaging was used to investigate the impact of coolant temperature on the characteristics of wall wetting and combustion in an optical DISI engine fueled with E30. The experiments reveal that the smoke emissions increase drastically from 0.068 FSN to 1.14 FSN when the coolant temperature is reduced from 90 °C to 45 °C. Consistent with this finding, natural flame luminosity imaging reveals elevated soot incandescence with a reduction of the coolant temperature, indicative of pool fires. Further, the RIM diagnostics show that a lower coolant temperature also leads to increased fuel film thickness, area, and volume, explaining the onset of pool fires and smoke.},
doi = {10.1016/j.proci.2018.07.073},
journal = {Proceedings of the Combustion Institute},
number = 4,
volume = 37,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Mon Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Effect of engine conditions and injection timing on piston-top fuel films for stratified direct-injection spark-ignition operation using E30
journal, September 2019
- Ding, Carl-Philipp; Vuilleumier, David; Kim, Namho
- International Journal of Engine Research, Vol. 21, Issue 2
Experimental study on the boiling criterion of the fuel film formed from spray/wall impingement
journal, November 2019
- Liu, Hong; Wang, Jianxiang; Duan, Huiquan
- Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 60, Issue 12