Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey
Abstract
On 14 August 2019, the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations alerted the astronomical community of a high significance detection of gravitational waves and classified the source as a neutron star - black hole (NSBH) merger, the first event of its kind. In search of an optical counterpart, the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Gravitational Wave Search and Discovery Team performed the most thorough and accurate analysis to date, targeting the entire 90 percent confidence level localization area with Blanco/DECam 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 16 nights after the merger was detected. Objects with varying brightness were detected by the DES Search and Discovery Pipeline and we systematically reduced the list of candidate counterparts through catalog matching, light curve properties, host-galaxy photometric redshifts, SOAR spectroscopic follow-up observations, and machine-learning-based photometric classification. All candidates were rejected as counterparts to the merger. To quantify the sensitivity of our search, we applied our selection criteria to simulations of supernovae and kilonovae as they would appear in the DECam observations. Since there are no explicit light curve models for NSBH mergers, we characterize our sensitivity with binary NS models that are expected to have similar optical signatures as NSBH mergers. We find that if a kilonovamore »
- Authors:
- more »
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Heising-Simons Foundation; David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- Contributing Org.:
- DES Collaboration
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1637635
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1783802
- Report Number(s):
- arXiv:2006.07385; FERMILAB-PUB-20-219-AE
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357; oai:inspirehep.net:1801199; TRN: US2201647
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-07CH11359; NNG17PX03C; AST-1815935; AST-1138766; AST-1536171; SC0019193
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 901; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; Gravitational wave sources; Optical observation; Light curve classification; Astronomical simulations; 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOG
Citation Formats
Morgan, R., Soares-Santos, M., Annis, J., Herner, K., Garcia, A., Palmese, A., Drlica-Wagner, A., Kessler, R., García-Bellido, J., Bachmann, T. G., Sherman, N., Allam, S., Bechtol, K., Bom, C. R., Brout, D., Butler, R. E., Butner, M., Cartier, R., Chen, H., Conselice, C., Cook, E., Davis, T. M., Doctor, Z., Farr, B., Figueiredo, A. L., Finley, D. A., Foley, R. J., Galarza, J. Y., Gill, M. S., Gruendl, R. A., Holz, D. E., Kuropatkin, N., Lidman, C., Lin, H., Malik, U., Mann, A. W., Marriner, J., Marshall, J. L., Martínez-Vázquez, C. E., Meza, N., Neilsen, E., Nicolaou, C., Olivares E., F., Paz-Chinchón, F., Points, S., Quirola-Vásquez, J., Rodriguez, O., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Sobreira, F., Tucker, D. L., Vivas, A. K., Wiesner, M., Wood, M. L., Yanny, B., Zenteno, A., Abbott, T. C., Aguena, M., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costa, L. da, Costanzi, M., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. G., March, M., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. C., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., and Tarle, G. Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abafaa.
Morgan, R., Soares-Santos, M., Annis, J., Herner, K., Garcia, A., Palmese, A., Drlica-Wagner, A., Kessler, R., García-Bellido, J., Bachmann, T. G., Sherman, N., Allam, S., Bechtol, K., Bom, C. R., Brout, D., Butler, R. E., Butner, M., Cartier, R., Chen, H., Conselice, C., Cook, E., Davis, T. M., Doctor, Z., Farr, B., Figueiredo, A. L., Finley, D. A., Foley, R. J., Galarza, J. Y., Gill, M. S., Gruendl, R. A., Holz, D. E., Kuropatkin, N., Lidman, C., Lin, H., Malik, U., Mann, A. W., Marriner, J., Marshall, J. L., Martínez-Vázquez, C. E., Meza, N., Neilsen, E., Nicolaou, C., Olivares E., F., Paz-Chinchón, F., Points, S., Quirola-Vásquez, J., Rodriguez, O., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Sobreira, F., Tucker, D. L., Vivas, A. K., Wiesner, M., Wood, M. L., Yanny, B., Zenteno, A., Abbott, T. C., Aguena, M., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costa, L. da, Costanzi, M., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. G., March, M., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. C., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., & Tarle, G. Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abafaa
Morgan, R., Soares-Santos, M., Annis, J., Herner, K., Garcia, A., Palmese, A., Drlica-Wagner, A., Kessler, R., García-Bellido, J., Bachmann, T. G., Sherman, N., Allam, S., Bechtol, K., Bom, C. R., Brout, D., Butler, R. E., Butner, M., Cartier, R., Chen, H., Conselice, C., Cook, E., Davis, T. M., Doctor, Z., Farr, B., Figueiredo, A. L., Finley, D. A., Foley, R. J., Galarza, J. Y., Gill, M. S., Gruendl, R. A., Holz, D. E., Kuropatkin, N., Lidman, C., Lin, H., Malik, U., Mann, A. W., Marriner, J., Marshall, J. L., Martínez-Vázquez, C. E., Meza, N., Neilsen, E., Nicolaou, C., Olivares E., F., Paz-Chinchón, F., Points, S., Quirola-Vásquez, J., Rodriguez, O., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Sobreira, F., Tucker, D. L., Vivas, A. K., Wiesner, M., Wood, M. L., Yanny, B., Zenteno, A., Abbott, T. C., Aguena, M., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costa, L. da, Costanzi, M., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. G., March, M., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. C., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., and Tarle, G. Thu .
"Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abafaa. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1637635.
@article{osti_1637635,
title = {Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey},
author = {Morgan, R. and Soares-Santos, M. and Annis, J. and Herner, K. and Garcia, A. and Palmese, A. and Drlica-Wagner, A. and Kessler, R. and García-Bellido, J. and Bachmann, T. G. and Sherman, N. and Allam, S. and Bechtol, K. and Bom, C. R. and Brout, D. and Butler, R. E. and Butner, M. and Cartier, R. and Chen, H. and Conselice, C. and Cook, E. and Davis, T. M. and Doctor, Z. and Farr, B. and Figueiredo, A. L. and Finley, D. A. and Foley, R. J. and Galarza, J. Y. and Gill, M. S. and Gruendl, R. A. and Holz, D. E. and Kuropatkin, N. and Lidman, C. and Lin, H. and Malik, U. and Mann, A. W. and Marriner, J. and Marshall, J. L. and Martínez-Vázquez, C. E. and Meza, N. and Neilsen, E. and Nicolaou, C. and Olivares E., F. and Paz-Chinchón, F. and Points, S. and Quirola-Vásquez, J. and Rodriguez, O. and Sako, M. and Scolnic, D. and Smith, M. and Sobreira, F. and Tucker, D. L. and Vivas, A. K. and Wiesner, M. and Wood, M. L. and Yanny, B. and Zenteno, A. and Abbott, T. C. and Aguena, M. and Avila, S. and Bertin, E. and Bhargava, S. and Brooks, D. and Burke, D. L. and Rosell, A. Carnero and Kind, M. Carrasco and Carretero, J. and Costa, L. da and Costanzi, M. and De Vicente, J. and Desai, S. and Diehl, H. T. and Doel, P. and Eifler, T. F. and Everett, S. and Flaugher, B. and Frieman, J. and Gaztanaga, E. and Gerdes, D. W. and Gruen, D. and Gschwend, J. and Gutierrez, G. and Hartley, W. G. and Hinton, S. R. and Hollowood, D. L. and Honscheid, K. and James, D. J. and Kuehn, K. and Lahav, O. and Lima, M. and Maia, M. G. and March, M. and Miquel, R. and Ogando, R. C. and Plazas, A. A. and Roodman, A. and Sanchez, E. and Scarpine, V. and Schubnell, M. and Serrano, S. and Sevilla-Noarbe, I. and Suchyta, E. and Tarle, G.},
abstractNote = {On 14 August 2019, the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations alerted the astronomical community of a high significance detection of gravitational waves and classified the source as a neutron star - black hole (NSBH) merger, the first event of its kind. In search of an optical counterpart, the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Gravitational Wave Search and Discovery Team performed the most thorough and accurate analysis to date, targeting the entire 90 percent confidence level localization area with Blanco/DECam 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 16 nights after the merger was detected. Objects with varying brightness were detected by the DES Search and Discovery Pipeline and we systematically reduced the list of candidate counterparts through catalog matching, light curve properties, host-galaxy photometric redshifts, SOAR spectroscopic follow-up observations, and machine-learning-based photometric classification. All candidates were rejected as counterparts to the merger. To quantify the sensitivity of our search, we applied our selection criteria to simulations of supernovae and kilonovae as they would appear in the DECam observations. Since there are no explicit light curve models for NSBH mergers, we characterize our sensitivity with binary NS models that are expected to have similar optical signatures as NSBH mergers. We find that if a kilonova occurred during this merger, configurations where the ejected matter is greater than 0.07 solar masses, has lanthanide abundance less than 10-8.56, and has a velocity between 0.18c and 0.21c are disfavored at the 2σ level. Furthermore, we estimate that our background reduction methods are capable of associating gravitational wave signals with a detected electromagnetic counterpart at the 4σ level in 95% of future follow-up observations.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/abafaa},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 901,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Sep 24 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Thu Sep 24 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
Works referenced in this record:
possis: predicting spectra, light curves, and polarization for multidimensional models of supernovae and kilonovae
journal, September 2019
- Bulla, M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 489, Issue 4
First Measurement of the Hubble Constant from a Dark Standard Siren using the Dark Energy Survey Galaxies and the LIGO/Virgo Binary–Black-hole Merger GW170814
journal, April 2019
- Soares-Santos, M.; Palmese, A.; Hartley, W.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 876, Issue 1
simsurvey : estimating transient discovery rates for the Zwicky transient facility
journal, October 2019
- Feindt, Ulrich; Nordin, Jakob; Rigault, Mickael
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 10
The Astropy Project: Building an Open-science Project and Status of the v2.0 Core Package
journal, August 2018
- Price-Whelan, A. M.; Sipőcz, B. M.; Günther, H. M.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 156, Issue 3
Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters
journal, February 2020
- Palmese, A.; Annis, J.; Burgad, J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 493, Issue 4
Observational Clues to the Progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae
journal, August 2014
- Maoz, Dan; Mannucci, Filippo; Nelemans, Gijs
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 52, Issue 1
Light curves of the neutron star merger GW170817/SSS17a: Implications for r-process nucleosynthesis
journal, October 2017
- Drout, M. R.; Piro, A. L.; Shappee, B. J.
- Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6370
Results from the Supernova Photometric Classification Challenge
journal, December 2010
- Kessler, Richard; Bassett, Bruce; Belov, Pavel
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 122, Issue 898
THE DETECTION OF A SN IIn IN OPTICAL FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS OF ICECUBE NEUTRINO EVENTS
journal, September 2015
- Aartsen, M. G.; Abraham, K.; Ackermann, M.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 811, Issue 1
The INTEGRAL mission
journal, November 2003
- Winkler, C.; Di Cocco, G.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 411, Issue 1
Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational-wave event
journal, October 2017
- Kasen, Daniel; Metzger, Brian; Barnes, Jennifer
- Nature, Vol. 551, Issue 7678
Automated Transient Identification in the dark Energy Survey
journal, August 2015
- Goldstein, D. A.; D’Andrea, C. B.; Fischer, J. A.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 150, Issue 3
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. VIII. A Comparison to Cosmological Short-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts
journal, October 2017
- Fong, W.; Berger, E.; Blanchard, P. K.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Models and Simulations for the Photometric LSST Astronomical Time Series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC)
journal, July 2019
- Kessler, R.; Narayan, G.; Avelino, A.
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 131, Issue 1003
Light-curve models of black hole – neutron star mergers: steps towards a multi-messenger parameter estimation
journal, May 2019
- Barbieri, C.; Salafia, O. S.; Perego, A.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 625
The Dark Energy Survey Image Processing Pipeline
journal, May 2018
- Morganson, E.; Gruendl, R. A.; Menanteau, F.
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 130, Issue 989
Neutrino-driven winds from neutron star merger remnants
journal, August 2014
- Perego, A.; Rosswog, S.; Cabezon, R. M.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 443, Issue 4
A Brief Overview of Black Hole-Neutron Star Mergers
journal, July 2020
- Foucart, Francois
- Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, Vol. 7
A Search for Optical Emission from Binary Black Hole Merger GW170814 with the Dark Energy Camera
journal, March 2019
- Doctor, Z.; Kessler, R.; Herner, K.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 873, Issue 2
Electromagnetic evidence that SSS17a is the result of a binary neutron star merger
journal, October 2017
- Kilpatrick, C. D.; Foley, R. J.; Kasen, D.
- Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6370
PHOTOMETRIC TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA CANDIDATES FROM THE THREE-YEAR SDSS-II SN SURVEY DATA
journal, August 2011
- Sako, Masao; Bassett, Bruce; Connolly, Brian
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 738, Issue 2
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. VI. Radio Constraints on a Relativistic Jet and Predictions for Late-time Emission from the Kilonova Ejecta
journal, October 2017
- Alexander, K. D.; Berger, E.; Fong, W.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
MegaCam: the new Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope wide-field imaging camera
conference, March 2003
- Boulade, Olivier; Charlot, Xavier; Abbon, P.
- Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. IV. Detection of Near-infrared Signatures of r -process Nucleosynthesis with Gemini-South
journal, October 2017
- Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Kasen, D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Mass Ejection, Electromagnetic Counterparts, and Nucleosynthesis
journal, December 2018
- Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 869, Issue 2
A Comprehensive Study of Detectability and Contamination in deep Rapid Optical Searches for Gravitational wave Counterparts
journal, November 2015
- Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Berger, E.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 814, Issue 1
A Deep CFHT Optical Search for a Counterpart to the Possible Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger GW190814
journal, June 2020
- Vieira, Nicholas; Ruan, John J.; Haggard, Daryl
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 895, Issue 2
Hungary rewards highly cited scientists with bonus grants
journal, November 2017
- Abbott, Alison
- Nature, Vol. 551, Issue 7681
Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment
journal, January 2007
- Hunter, John D.
- Computing in Science & Engineering, Vol. 9, Issue 3
The tidal disruption of neutron stars by black holes in close binaries
journal, November 1976
- Lattimer, J. M.; Schramm, D. N.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 210
A Measurement of the Rate of Type Ia Supernovae at Redshift z ≈ 0.1 from the First Season of the SDSS‐II Supernova Survey
journal, July 2008
- Dilday, Benjamin; Kessler, Richard; Frieman, Joshua A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 682, Issue 1
A Galaxy-targeted Search for the Optical Counterpart of the Candidate NS–BH Merger S190814bv with Magellan
journal, October 2019
- Gomez, S.; Hosseinzadeh, G.; Cowperthwaite, P. S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 2
THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY BURST MONITOR
journal, August 2009
- Meegan, Charles; Lichti, Giselher; Bhat, P. N.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 702, Issue 1
Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
journal, October 2017
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
GROWTH on S190425z: Searching Thousands of Square Degrees to Identify an Optical or Infrared Counterpart to a Binary Neutron Star Merger with the Zwicky Transient Facility and Palomar Gattini-IR
journal, October 2019
- Coughlin, Michael W.; Ahumada, Tomás; Anand, Shreya
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 885, Issue 1
The NumPy Array: A Structure for Efficient Numerical Computation
journal, March 2011
- van der Walt, Stéfan; Colbert, S. Chris; Varoquaux, Gaël
- Computing in Science & Engineering, Vol. 13, Issue 2
The long-term evolution of neutron star merger remnants – II. Radioactively powered transients
journal, January 2014
- Grossman, Doron; Korobkin, Oleg; Rosswog, Stephan
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 439, Issue 1
A luminosity distribution for kilonovae based on short gamma-ray burst afterglows
journal, March 2019
- Ascenzi, Stefano; Coughlin, Michael W.; Dietrich, Tim
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 1
J-GEM observations of an electromagnetic counterpart to the neutron star merger GW170817
journal, October 2017
- Utsumi, Yousuke; Tanaka, Masaomi; Tominaga, Nozomu
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 69, Issue 6
Properties of Kilonovae from Dynamical and Post-merger Ejecta of Neutron Star Mergers
journal, January 2018
- Tanaka, Masaomi; Kato, Daiji; Gaigalas, Gediminas
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 852, Issue 2
Limits on the electromagnetic counterpart to S190814bv
journal, January 2020
- Watson, A. M.; Butler, N. R.; Lee, W. H.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 4
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. II. UV, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves and Comparison to Kilonova Models
journal, October 2017
- Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Berger, E.; Villar, V. A.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
A two per cent Hubble constant measurement from standard sirens within five years
journal, October 2018
- Chen, Hsin-Yu; Fishbach, Maya; Holz, Daniel E.
- Nature, Vol. 562, Issue 7728
The dynamic ejecta of compact object mergers and eccentric collisions
journal, June 2013
- Rosswog, Stephan
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 371, Issue 1992
SExtractor: Software for source extraction
journal, June 1996
- Bertin, E.; Arnouts, S.
- Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, Vol. 117, Issue 2
The decompression of cold neutron star matter
journal, April 1977
- Lattimer, J. M.; Mackie, F.; Ravenhall, D. G.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 213
ANTARES: The first undersea neutrino telescope
journal, November 2011
- Ageron, M.; Aguilar, J. A.; Al Samarai, I.
- Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 656, Issue 1
SUPPLEMENT: “GOING THE DISTANCE: MAPPING HOST GALAXIES OF LIGO AND VIRGO SOURCES IN THREE DIMENSIONS USING LOCAL COSMOGRAPHY AND TARGETED FOLLOW-UP” (2016, ApJL, 829, L15)
journal, September 2016
- Singer, Leo P.; Chen, Hsin-Yu; Holz, Daniel E.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 226, Issue 1
Follow-up of the Neutron Star Bearing Gravitational-wave Candidate Events S190425z and S190426c with MMT and SOAR
journal, July 2019
- Hosseinzadeh, G.; Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Gomez, S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 880, Issue 1
The dark Energy Camera
journal, October 2015
- Flaugher, B.; Diehl, H. T.; Honscheid, K.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 150, Issue 5
SNANA: A Public Software Package for Supernova Analysis
journal, September 2009
- Kessler, Richard; Bernstein, Joseph P.; Cinabro, David
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 121, Issue 883
The Galaxy Hosts and Large‐Scale Environments of Short‐Hard Gamma‐Ray Bursts
journal, May 2006
- Prochaska, J. X.; Bloom, J. S.; Chen, H. ‐W.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 642, Issue 2
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. I. Discovery of the Optical Counterpart Using the Dark Energy Camera
journal, October 2017
- Soares-Santos, M.; Holz, D. E.; Annis, J.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. V. Rising X-Ray Emission from an Off-axis Jet
journal, October 2017
- Margutti, R.; Berger, E.; Fong, W.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Nearby supernova rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search - III. The rate-size relation, and the rates as a function of galaxy Hubble type and colour: Nearby supernova rates from LOSS - III
journal, March 2011
- Li, Weidong; Chornock, Ryan; Leaman, Jesse
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 412, Issue 3
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. VII. Properties of the Host Galaxy and Constraints on the Merger Timescale
journal, October 2017
- Blanchard, P. K.; Berger, E.; Fong, W.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Electromagnetic counterparts of compact object mergers powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei: Transients from compact object mergers
journal, June 2010
- Metzger, B. D.; Martínez-Pinedo, G.; Darbha, S.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 406, Issue 4
Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the optical counterpart to a gravitational wave source
journal, October 2017
- Coulter, D. A.; Foley, R. J.; Kilpatrick, C. D.
- Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6370
Closing in on a Short‐Hard Burst Progenitor: Constraints from Early‐Time Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy of a Possible Host Galaxy of GRB 050509b
journal, February 2006
- Bloom, J. S.; Prochaska, J. X.; Pooley, D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 638, Issue 1
Modeling GW170817 based on numerical relativity and its implications
journal, December 2017
- Shibata, Masaru; Fujibayashi, Sho; Hotokezaka, Kenta
- Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 12
Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
journal, October 2017
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
The Dark Energy Survey: Data Release 1
journal, November 2018
- Abbott, T. M. C.; Abdalla, F. B.; Allam, S.
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 239, Issue 2
Radioactive Heating Rate of r -process Elements and Macronova Light Curve
journal, March 2020
- Hotokezaka, Kenta; Nakar, Ehud
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 891, Issue 2
A dark Energy Camera Search for an Optical Counterpart to the First Advanced ligo Gravitational wave Event Gw150914
journal, May 2016
- Soares-Santos, M.; Kessler, R.; Berger, E.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 823, Issue 2
The Physics of Supernova Explosions
journal, September 1986
- Woosley, S. E.; Weaver, Thomas A.
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 24, Issue 1
Tests of General Relativity with GW170817
journal, July 2019
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 1
Lessons from counterpart searches in LIGO and Virgo’s third observing campaign
journal, June 2020
- Coughlin, Michael W.
- Nature Astronomy, Vol. 4, Issue 6
The Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON)
journal, May 2013
- Smith, M. W. E.; Fox, D. B.; Cowen, D. F.
- Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 45
SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python
journal, February 2020
- Virtanen, Pauli; Gommers, Ralf; Oliphant, Travis E.
- Nature Methods
The GRB coordinates network (GCN): A status report
conference, January 1998
- Barthelmy, S. D.; Butterworth, P.; Cline, T. L.
- GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, Fourth Huntsville gamma-ray burst symposium
Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) Telescope: Steps on the Route to Success
conference, February 2003
- Sebring, Thomas A.; Krabbendam, Victor L.; Heathcote, Steven R.
- Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings
GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
journal, October 2017
- Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 16
The formation of the double pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B
journal, November 2006
- Stairs, I. H.; Thorsett, S. E.; Dewey, R. J.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 373, Issue 1
Remnant baryon mass in neutron star-black hole mergers: Predictions for binary neutron star mimickers and rapidly spinning black holes
journal, October 2018
- Foucart, Francois; Hinderer, Tanja; Nissanke, Samaya
- Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 8
The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. III. Optical and UV Spectra of a Blue Kilonova from Fast Polar Ejecta
journal, October 2017
- Nicholl, M.; Berger, E.; Kasen, D.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
GROWTH on S190814bv: Deep Synoptic Limits on the Optical/Near-infrared Counterpart to a Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger
journal, February 2020
- Andreoni, Igor; Goldstein, Daniel A.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 890, Issue 2
Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A
journal, July 2018
- Collaboration, Icecube; Aartsen, Mark; Ackermann, Markus
- Science, Vol. 361, Issue 6398
The Difference Imaging Pipeline for the Transient Search in the dark Energy Survey
journal, November 2015
- Kessler, R.; Marriner, J.; Childress, M.
- The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 150, Issue 6
Evidence for Dynamically Driven Formation of the GW170817 Neutron Star Binary in NGC 4993
journal, November 2017
- Palmese, A.; Hartley, W.; Tarsitano, F.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 849, Issue 2
Probing Extreme-density Matter with Gravitational-wave Observations of Binary Neutron Star Merger Remnants
journal, June 2017
- Radice, David; Bernuzzi, Sebastiano; Pozzo, Walter Del
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 842, Issue 2
The Supernova Legacy Survey 3-year sample: Type Ia supernovae photometric distances and cosmological constraints
journal, November 2010
- Guy, J.; Sullivan, M.; Conley, A.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 523
Neutron Stars Versus Black Holes: Probing the mass gap with Ligo/Virgo
journal, July 2015
- Littenberg, Tyson B.; Farr, Ben; Coughlin, Scott
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 807, Issue 2
The Gaia mission
journal, November 2016
- Prusti, T.; de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Brown, A. G. A.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 595
Effect of a high Opacity on the Light Curves of Radioactively Powered Transients from Compact Object Mergers
journal, August 2013
- Barnes, Jennifer; Kasen, Daniel
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 775, Issue 1
Prospects for Joint Gravitational-Wave and Electromagnetic Observations of Neutron-Star-Black-Hole Coalescing Binaries
journal, July 2014
- Pannarale, Francesco; Ohme, Frank
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 791, Issue 1
GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 Solar Mass Black Hole with a 2.6 Solar Mass Compact Object
journal, June 2020
- Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abraham, S.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 896, Issue 2
Type Ia Supernova Explosion Models
journal, September 2000
- Hillebrandt, Wolfgang; Niemeyer, Jens C.
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 38, Issue 1
Stringent constraints on neutron-star radii from multimessenger observations and nuclear theory
journal, March 2020
- Capano, Collin D.; Tews, Ingo; Brown, Stephanie M.
- Nature Astronomy, Vol. 4, Issue 6
A Search for Kilonovae in the Dark Energy Survey
journal, March 2017
- Doctor, Z.; Kessler, R.; Chen, H. Y.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 837, Issue 1
Dynamics, nucleosynthesis, and kilonova signature of black hole—neutron star merger ejecta
journal, July 2017
- Fernández, Rodrigo; Foucart, Francois; Kasen, Daniel
- Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 34, Issue 15
The optical afterglow of the short gamma-ray burst associated with GW170817
journal, July 2018
- Lyman, J. D.; Lamb, G. P.; Levan, A. J.
- Nature Astronomy, Vol. 2, Issue 9
DNF – Galaxy photometric redshift by Directional Neighbourhood Fitting
journal, April 2016
- De Vicente, J.; Sánchez, E.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 459, Issue 3
Implications of the search for optical counterparts during the first six months of the Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s third observing run: possible limits on the ejecta mass and binary properties
journal, December 2019
- Coughlin, Michael W.; Dietrich, Tim; Antier, Sarah
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 1
First year performance of the IceCube neutrino telescope
journal, October 2006
- Achterberg, A.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.
- Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 26, Issue 3
A DECam Search for Explosive Optical Transients Associated with IceCube Neutrino Alerts
journal, September 2019
- Morgan, R.; Bechtol, K.; Kessler, R.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 2
Systematics of Dynamical mass Ejection, Nucleosynthesis, and Radioactively Powered Electromagnetic Signals from Neutron-Star Mergers
journal, July 2013
- Bauswein, A.; Goriely, S.; Janka, H. -T.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 773, Issue 1
Searching for soft relativistic jets in core-collapse supernovae with the IceCube optical follow-up program
journal, February 2012
- Abbasi, R.; Abdou, Y.; Abu-Zayyad, T.
- Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 539
Models of Kilonova/Macronova Emission from Black Hole–Neutron star Mergers
journal, June 2016
- Kawaguchi, Kyohei; Kyutoku, Koutarou; Shibata, Masaru
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 825, Issue 1
Numerical simulations of neutron star-black hole binaries in the near-equal-mass regime
journal, May 2019
- Foucart, F.; Duez, M. D.; Kidder, L. E.
- Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 10
INTEGRAL Detection of the First Prompt Gamma-Ray Signal Coincident with the Gravitational-wave Event GW170817
journal, October 2017
- Savchenko, V.; Ferrigno, C.; Kuulkers, E.
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
Characterization of the LIGO detectors during their sixth science run
journal, May 2015
- Aasi, J.; Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.
- Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 32, Issue 11