Redox Heterogeneities Promote Thioarsenate Formation and Release into Groundwater from Low Arsenic Sediments

Kumar, Naresh; Noël, Vincent; Planer-Friedrich, Britta; Besold, Johannes; Lezama-Pacheco, Juan; Bargar, John R.; Brown, Gordon E.; Fendorf, Scott; Boye, Kristin

doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b06502

Title: Redox Heterogeneities Promote Thioarsenate Formation and Release into Groundwater from Low Arsenic Sediments

Abstract

Groundwater contamination by As from natural and anthropogenic sources is a worldwide concern. Redox heterogeneities over space and time are common and can influence the molecular-level speciation of As, and thus, As release/retention but are largely unexplored. Here, we present results from a dual-domain column experiment, with natural organic-rich, fine-grained, and sulfidic sediments embedded as lenses (referred to as “reducing lenses”) within natural aquifer sand. We show that redox interfaces in sulfur-rich, alkaline aquifers may release concerning levels of As, even when sediment As concentration is low (<2 mg/kg), due to the formation of mobile thioarsenates at aqueous sulfide/Fe molar ratios <1. In our experiments, this behavior occurred in the aquifer sand between reducing lenses and was attributed to the spreading of sulfidic conditions and subsequent Fe reductive dissolution. In contrast, inside reducing lenses (and some locations in the aquifer) the aqueous sulfide/Fe molar ratios exceeded 1 and aqueous sulfide/As molar ratios exceeded 100, which partitioned As(III)–S to the solid phase (associated with organics or as realgar (As₄S₄)). These results highlight the importance of thioarsenates in natural sediments and indicate that redox interfaces and sediment heterogeneities could locally degrade groundwater quality, even in aquifers with unconcerning solid-phase As concentrations.

Authors:

Kumar, Naresh ^[1];

^[2];

^[3]; Besold, Johannes ^[3]; Lezama-Pacheco, Juan ^[4];

^[2]; Brown, Gordon E. ^[5];

^[4];

^[2]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Univ. of Vienna (Austria)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Univ. of Bayreuth (Germany)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:: SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1633945

Grant/Contract Number:: PL 302/20-1; EF-0830093; AC02-76SF00515; SC0020205

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Environmental Science and Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 54; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 0013-936X

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats


                    Kumar, Naresh, Noël, Vincent, Planer-Friedrich, Britta, Besold, Johannes, Lezama-Pacheco, Juan, Bargar, John R., Brown, Gordon E., Fendorf, Scott, and Boye, Kristin. Redox Heterogeneities Promote Thioarsenate Formation and Release into Groundwater from Low Arsenic Sediments.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b06502.

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                    Kumar, Naresh, Noël, Vincent, Planer-Friedrich, Britta, Besold, Johannes, Lezama-Pacheco, Juan, Bargar, John R., Brown, Gordon E., Fendorf, Scott, & Boye, Kristin. Redox Heterogeneities Promote Thioarsenate Formation and Release into Groundwater from Low Arsenic Sediments.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b06502

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                    Kumar, Naresh, Noël, Vincent, Planer-Friedrich, Britta, Besold, Johannes, Lezama-Pacheco, Juan, Bargar, John R., Brown, Gordon E., Fendorf, Scott, and Boye, Kristin. Tue .  
"Redox Heterogeneities Promote Thioarsenate Formation and Release into Groundwater from Low Arsenic Sediments".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b06502.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1633945.

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@article{osti_1633945,

  title        = {Redox Heterogeneities Promote Thioarsenate Formation and Release into Groundwater from Low Arsenic Sediments},

  author       = {Kumar, Naresh and Noël, Vincent and Planer-Friedrich, Britta and Besold, Johannes and Lezama-Pacheco, Juan and Bargar, John R. and Brown, Gordon E. and Fendorf, Scott and Boye, Kristin},

  abstractNote = {Groundwater contamination by As from natural and anthropogenic sources is a worldwide concern. Redox heterogeneities over space and time are common and can influence the molecular-level speciation of As, and thus, As release/retention but are largely unexplored. Here, we present results from a dual-domain column experiment, with natural organic-rich, fine-grained, and sulfidic sediments embedded as lenses (referred to as “reducing lenses”) within natural aquifer sand. We show that redox interfaces in sulfur-rich, alkaline aquifers may release concerning levels of As, even when sediment As concentration is low (<2 mg/kg), due to the formation of mobile thioarsenates at aqueous sulfide/Fe molar ratios <1. In our experiments, this behavior occurred in the aquifer sand between reducing lenses and was attributed to the spreading of sulfidic conditions and subsequent Fe reductive dissolution. In contrast, inside reducing lenses (and some locations in the aquifer) the aqueous sulfide/Fe molar ratios exceeded 1 and aqueous sulfide/As molar ratios exceeded 100, which partitioned As(III)–S to the solid phase (associated with organics or as realgar (As4S4)). These results highlight the importance of thioarsenates in natural sediments and indicate that redox interfaces and sediment heterogeneities could locally degrade groundwater quality, even in aquifers with unconcerning solid-phase As concentrations.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acs.est.9b06502},

  journal      = {Environmental Science and Technology},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 54,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Tue Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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Title: Redox Heterogeneities Promote Thioarsenate Formation and Release into Groundwater from Low Arsenic Sediments

Abstract

Citation Formats

ATHENA , ARTEMIS , HEPHAESTUS : data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT journal, June 2005

Spectrophotometric Determination Of Hydrogen Sulfide In Natural Waters journal, May 1969

Identification of Temperature-Dependent Water Quality Changes during a Deep Well Injection Experiment in a Pyritic Aquifer journal, April 2005

Geochemical Triggers of Arsenic Mobilization during Managed Aquifer Recharge journal, June 2015

Pathways of ferrous iron mineral formation upon sulfidation of lepidocrocite surfaces journal, March 2012

Arsenite and arsenate immobilization by preformed and concurrently formed disordered mackinawite (FeS) journal, December 2017

Kinetics of Arsenate Reduction by Dissolved Sulfide journal, November 2000

In situ analysis of thioarsenite complexes in neutral to alkaline arsenic sulphide solutions journal, October 2005

Physico-Chemical Heterogeneity of Organic-Rich Sediments in the Rifle Aquifer, CO: Impact on Uranium Biogeochemistry journal, December 2015

The influence of sulfur and iron on dissolved arsenic concentrations in the shallow subsurface under changing redox conditions journal, September 2004

Reassessing the role of sulfur geochemistry on arsenic speciation in reducing environments journal, May 2011

Thioarsenates in Geothermal Waters of Yellowstone National Park: Determination, Preservation, and Geochemical Importance journal, August 2007

Thermodynamically controlled preservation of organic carbon in floodplains journal, May 2017

Arsenic mobility in the ambient sulfidic environment: Sorption of arsenic(V) and arsenic(III) onto disordered mackinawite journal, July 2005

Monothioarsenate Transformation Kinetics Determining Arsenic Sequestration by Sulfhydryl Groups of Peat journal, May 2018

Arsenic Release and Attenuation Processes in a Groundwater Aquifer During Anaerobic Remediation of TCE with Biostimulation journal, June 2019

Bisulfide Reaction with Natural Organic Matter Enhances Arsenite Sorption: Insights from X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy journal, October 2012

A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters journal, May 2002

Geochemical, mineralogical and microbiological characteristics of sediment from a naturally reduced zone in a uranium-contaminated aquifer journal, August 2012

A Raman spectroscopic study of arsenite and thioarsenite species in aqueous solution at 25 °C journal, February 2002

Thermodynamic model for arsenic speciation in sulfidic waters: A novel use of ab initio computations journal, September 2008

Redox Controls over the Stability of U(IV) in Floodplains of the Upper Colorado River Basin journal, September 2017

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Groundwater Arsenic in South and Southeast Asia journal, May 2010

Arsenic Speciation in Sulfidic Waters: Reconciling Contradictory Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Evidence journal, December 2010

Sorption of Arsenite, Arsenate, and Thioarsenates to Iron Oxides and Iron Sulfides: A Kinetic and Spectroscopic Investigation journal, May 2013

Effects of pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of phosphate and arsenate at the goethite–water interface journal, May 2005

A Critical Investigation of Hydride Generation-Based Arsenic Speciation in Sulfidic Waters journal, July 2009

Monothioarsenate Occurrence in Bangladesh Groundwater and Its Removal by Ferrous and Zero-Valent Iron Technologies journal, April 2018

Thioarsenates in Sulfidic Waters journal, August 2005

Microbial Sulfate Reduction Enhances Arsenic Mobility Downstream of Zerovalent-Iron-Based Permeable Reactive Barrier journal, July 2016

Arsenic Speciation in Solids Using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy journal, January 2014

Imaging geochemical heterogeneities using inverse reactive transport modeling: An example relevant for characterizing arsenic mobilization and distribution journal, February 2016

Arsenic Control During Aquifer Storage Recovery Cycle Tests in the Floridan Aquifer journal, October 2012

Understanding controls on redox processes in floodplain sediments of the Upper Colorado River Basin journal, December 2017

Uranium in Framboidal Pyrite from a Naturally Bioreduced Alluvial Sediment journal, November 2009

Sulfidation mechanisms of Fe( iii )-(oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles: a spectroscopic study journal, January 2018

Sedimentary iron monosulfides: Kinetics and mechanism of formation journal, May 1981

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Microbial sulfidogenesis in ferrihydrite-rich environments: Effects on iron mineralogy and arsenic mobility journal, June 2011

Performance of a zerovalent iron reactive barrier for the treatment of arsenic in groundwater: Part 2. Geochemical modeling and solid phase studies journal, April 2009

Speciation and natural attenuation of arsenic and iron in a tidally influenced shallow aquifer journal, October 2009

Uranium storage mechanisms in wet-dry redox cycled sediments journal, April 2019

Arsenic sequestration by organic sulphur in peat journal, November 2011

Model Predictions of Realgar Precipitation by Reaction of As(III) with Synthetic Mackinawite Under Anoxic Conditions journal, December 2008

Spatial Distribution and Speciation of Arsenic in Peat Studied with Microfocused X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy journal, August 2013

Thioarsenic Species Associated with Increased Arsenic Release during Biostimulated Subsurface Sulfate Reduction journal, November 2014

Thiolated arsenic in natural systems: What is current, what is new and what needs to be known journal, June 2018

A revised scheme for the reactivity of iron (oxyhydr)oxide minerals towards dissolved sulfide journal, September 2004

ATHENA , ARTEMIS , HEPHAESTUS : data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT
journal, June 2005

Spectrophotometric Determination Of Hydrogen Sulfide In Natural Waters
journal, May 1969

Identification of Temperature-Dependent Water Quality Changes during a Deep Well Injection Experiment in a Pyritic Aquifer
journal, April 2005

Geochemical Triggers of Arsenic Mobilization during Managed Aquifer Recharge
journal, June 2015

Pathways of ferrous iron mineral formation upon sulfidation of lepidocrocite surfaces
journal, March 2012

Arsenite and arsenate immobilization by preformed and concurrently formed disordered mackinawite (FeS)
journal, December 2017

Kinetics of Arsenate Reduction by Dissolved Sulfide
journal, November 2000

In situ analysis of thioarsenite complexes in neutral to alkaline arsenic sulphide solutions
journal, October 2005

Physico-Chemical Heterogeneity of Organic-Rich Sediments in the Rifle Aquifer, CO: Impact on Uranium Biogeochemistry
journal, December 2015

The influence of sulfur and iron on dissolved arsenic concentrations in the shallow subsurface under changing redox conditions
journal, September 2004

Reassessing the role of sulfur geochemistry on arsenic speciation in reducing environments
journal, May 2011

Thioarsenates in Geothermal Waters of Yellowstone National Park: Determination, Preservation, and Geochemical Importance
journal, August 2007

Thermodynamically controlled preservation of organic carbon in floodplains
journal, May 2017

Arsenic mobility in the ambient sulfidic environment: Sorption of arsenic(V) and arsenic(III) onto disordered mackinawite
journal, July 2005

Monothioarsenate Transformation Kinetics Determining Arsenic Sequestration by Sulfhydryl Groups of Peat
journal, May 2018

Arsenic Release and Attenuation Processes in a Groundwater Aquifer During Anaerobic Remediation of TCE with Biostimulation
journal, June 2019

Bisulfide Reaction with Natural Organic Matter Enhances Arsenite Sorption: Insights from X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, October 2012

A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters
journal, May 2002

Geochemical, mineralogical and microbiological characteristics of sediment from a naturally reduced zone in a uranium-contaminated aquifer
journal, August 2012

A Raman spectroscopic study of arsenite and thioarsenite species in aqueous solution at 25 °C
journal, February 2002

Thermodynamic model for arsenic speciation in sulfidic waters: A novel use of ab initio computations
journal, September 2008

Redox Controls over the Stability of U(IV) in Floodplains of the Upper Colorado River Basin
journal, September 2017

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Groundwater Arsenic in South and Southeast Asia
journal, May 2010

Arsenic Speciation in Sulfidic Waters: Reconciling Contradictory Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Evidence
journal, December 2010

Sorption of Arsenite, Arsenate, and Thioarsenates to Iron Oxides and Iron Sulfides: A Kinetic and Spectroscopic Investigation
journal, May 2013

Effects of pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of phosphate and arsenate at the goethite–water interface
journal, May 2005

A Critical Investigation of Hydride Generation-Based Arsenic Speciation in Sulfidic Waters
journal, July 2009

Monothioarsenate Occurrence in Bangladesh Groundwater and Its Removal by Ferrous and Zero-Valent Iron Technologies
journal, April 2018

Thioarsenates in Sulfidic Waters
journal, August 2005

Microbial Sulfate Reduction Enhances Arsenic Mobility Downstream of Zerovalent-Iron-Based Permeable Reactive Barrier
journal, July 2016

Arsenic Speciation in Solids Using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, January 2014

Imaging geochemical heterogeneities using inverse reactive transport modeling: An example relevant for characterizing arsenic mobilization and distribution
journal, February 2016

Arsenic Control During Aquifer Storage Recovery Cycle Tests in the Floridan Aquifer
journal, October 2012

Understanding controls on redox processes in floodplain sediments of the Upper Colorado River Basin
journal, December 2017

Uranium in Framboidal Pyrite from a Naturally Bioreduced Alluvial Sediment
journal, November 2009

Sulfidation mechanisms of Fe( iii )-(oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles: a spectroscopic study
journal, January 2018

Sedimentary iron monosulfides: Kinetics and mechanism of formation
journal, May 1981

Arsenic binding to organic and inorganic sulfur species during microbial sulfate reduction: a sediment flow-through reactor experiment
journal, January 2013

Speciation of arsenic in sulfidic waters
journal, March 2003

Microbial sulfidogenesis in ferrihydrite-rich environments: Effects on iron mineralogy and arsenic mobility
journal, June 2011

Performance of a zerovalent iron reactive barrier for the treatment of arsenic in groundwater: Part 2. Geochemical modeling and solid phase studies
journal, April 2009

Speciation and natural attenuation of arsenic and iron in a tidally influenced shallow aquifer
journal, October 2009

Uranium storage mechanisms in wet-dry redox cycled sediments
journal, April 2019

Arsenic sequestration by organic sulphur in peat
journal, November 2011

Model Predictions of Realgar Precipitation by Reaction of As(III) with Synthetic Mackinawite Under Anoxic Conditions
journal, December 2008

Spatial Distribution and Speciation of Arsenic in Peat Studied with Microfocused X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, August 2013

Thioarsenic Species Associated with Increased Arsenic Release during Biostimulated Subsurface Sulfate Reduction
journal, November 2014

Thiolated arsenic in natural systems: What is current, what is new and what needs to be known
journal, June 2018

A revised scheme for the reactivity of iron (oxyhydr)oxide minerals towards dissolved sulfide
journal, September 2004