Morphology controls the thermoelectric power factor of a doped semiconducting polymer
Abstract
The electrical performance of doped semiconducting polymers is strongly governed by processing methods and underlying thin-film microstructure. We report on the influence of different doping methods (solution versus vapor) on the thermoelectric power factor (PF) of PBTTT molecularly p-doped with FnTCNQ (n = 2 or 4). The vapor-doped films have more than two orders of magnitude higher electronic conductivity (s) relative to solution-doped films. On the basis of resonant soft x-ray scattering, vapor-doped samples are shown to have a large orientational correlation length (OCL) (that is, length scale of aligned backbones) that correlates to a high apparent charge carrier mobility (m). The Seebeck coefficient (a) is largely independent of OCL. This reveals that, unlike s, leveraging strategies to improve m have a smaller impact on a. Our best-performing sample with the largest OCL, vapor-doped PBTTT: F4TCNQ thin film, has a s of 670 S/cm and an a of 42 mV/K, which translates to a large PF of 120 mW m-1 K-2. In addition, despite the unfavorable offset for charge transfer, doping by F2TCNQ also leads to a large PF of 70 mW m-1 K-2, which reveals the potential utility of weak molecular dopants. Overall, our work introduces important general processingmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[3];
[3];
[3]
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Materials Research Lab.
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Materials Research Lab.; Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Materials Dept.
- Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Materials Dept.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1625973
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-76SF00515; AC02-05CH11231; DMR 1121053
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Science Advances
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548
- Publisher:
- AAAS
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Science & Technology - Other Topics
Citation Formats
Patel, Shrayesh N., Glaudell, Anne M., Peterson, Kelly A., Thomas, Elayne M., O’Hara, Kathryn A., Lim, Eunhee, and Chabinyc, Michael L. Morphology controls the thermoelectric power factor of a doped semiconducting polymer. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700434.
Patel, Shrayesh N., Glaudell, Anne M., Peterson, Kelly A., Thomas, Elayne M., O’Hara, Kathryn A., Lim, Eunhee, & Chabinyc, Michael L. Morphology controls the thermoelectric power factor of a doped semiconducting polymer. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700434
Patel, Shrayesh N., Glaudell, Anne M., Peterson, Kelly A., Thomas, Elayne M., O’Hara, Kathryn A., Lim, Eunhee, and Chabinyc, Michael L. Fri .
"Morphology controls the thermoelectric power factor of a doped semiconducting polymer". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700434. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1625973.
@article{osti_1625973,
title = {Morphology controls the thermoelectric power factor of a doped semiconducting polymer},
author = {Patel, Shrayesh N. and Glaudell, Anne M. and Peterson, Kelly A. and Thomas, Elayne M. and O’Hara, Kathryn A. and Lim, Eunhee and Chabinyc, Michael L.},
abstractNote = {The electrical performance of doped semiconducting polymers is strongly governed by processing methods and underlying thin-film microstructure. We report on the influence of different doping methods (solution versus vapor) on the thermoelectric power factor (PF) of PBTTT molecularly p-doped with FnTCNQ (n = 2 or 4). The vapor-doped films have more than two orders of magnitude higher electronic conductivity (s) relative to solution-doped films. On the basis of resonant soft x-ray scattering, vapor-doped samples are shown to have a large orientational correlation length (OCL) (that is, length scale of aligned backbones) that correlates to a high apparent charge carrier mobility (m). The Seebeck coefficient (a) is largely independent of OCL. This reveals that, unlike s, leveraging strategies to improve m have a smaller impact on a. Our best-performing sample with the largest OCL, vapor-doped PBTTT: F4TCNQ thin film, has a s of 670 S/cm and an a of 42 mV/K, which translates to a large PF of 120 mW m-1 K-2. In addition, despite the unfavorable offset for charge transfer, doping by F2TCNQ also leads to a large PF of 70 mW m-1 K-2, which reveals the potential utility of weak molecular dopants. Overall, our work introduces important general processing guidelines for the continued development of doped semiconducting polymers for thermoelectrics.},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1700434},
journal = {Science Advances},
number = 6,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jun 16 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Fri Jun 16 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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Conjugated Polymer Blends for Organic Thermoelectrics
journal, January 2019
- Zuo, Guangzheng; Abdalla, Hassan; Kemerink, Martijn
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Solar Harvesting: a Unique Opportunity for Organic Thermoelectrics?
journal, October 2019
- Jurado, José P.; Dörling, Bernhard; Zapata‐Arteaga, Osnat
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 45
Conductivity Tuning via Doping with Electron Donating and Withdrawing Molecules in Perovskite CsPbI 3 Nanocrystal Films
journal, May 2019
- Gaulding, E. Ashley; Hao, Ji; Kang, Hyun Suk
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 27
Electrochemical doping engineering tuning of the thermoelectric performance of a π-conjugated free-standing poly(thiophene-furan) thin-film
journal, January 2020
- Yao, Wenqian; Shen, Lanlan; Liu, Peipei
- Materials Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 4, Issue 2
Doping High‐Mobility Donor–Acceptor Copolymer Semiconductors with an Organic Salt for High‐Performance Thermoelectric Materials
journal, January 2020
- Guo, Jing; Li, Guodong; Reith, Heiko
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 3
Principles of Structural Design of Conjugated Polymers Showing Excellent Charge Transport toward Thermoelectrics and Bioelectronics Applications
journal, March 2019
- Goel, Mahima; Heinrich, C. David; Krauss, Gert
- Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Vol. 40, Issue 10
The Role of Ordering on the Thermoelectric Properties of Blends of Regioregular and Regiorandom Poly(3‐hexylthiophene)
journal, April 2019
- Lim, Eunhee; Glaudell, Anne M.; Miller, Rachel
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Bringing Conducting Polymers to High Order: Toward Conductivities beyond 10 5 S cm −1 and Thermoelectric Power Factors of 2 mW m −1 K −2
journal, May 2019
- Vijayakumar, Vishnu; Zhong, Yuhan; Untilova, Viktoriia
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 24
High‐Performance Organic Thermoelectric Materials: Theoretical Insights and Computational Design
journal, February 2019
- Shi, Wen; Wang, Dong; Shuai, Zhigang
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Progress in Nickel‐Coordinated Polymers as Intrinsically Conducting n‐Type Thermoelectric Materials
journal, February 2019
- Menon, Akanksha K.; Wolfe, Rylan M. W.; Kommandur, Sampath
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Flexible Thermoelectric Materials and Generators: Challenges and Innovations
journal, May 2019
- Wang, Yuan; Yang, Lei; Shi, Xiao‐Lei
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 29
Controlling Molecular Doping in Organic Semiconductors
journal, September 2017
- Jacobs, Ian E.; Moulé, Adam J.
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 42
A Chemically Doped Naphthalenediimide-Bithiazole Polymer for n-Type Organic Thermoelectrics
journal, June 2018
- Wang, Suhao; Sun, Hengda; Erdmann, Tim
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 31
Intrinsic and Extrinsically Limited Thermoelectric Transport within Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks
journal, February 2019
- Blackburn, Jeffrey L.; Kang, Stephen D.; Roos, Michael J.
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Conductive, Solution‐Processed Dioxythiophene Copolymers for Thermoelectric and Transparent Electrode Applications
journal, May 2019
- Ponder, James F.; Menon, Akanksha K.; Dasari, Raghunath R.
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 24
Recent advances in conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate hybrids for thermoelectric applications
journal, January 2018
- Zheng, Yun; Zeng, Huining; Zhu, Qiang
- Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 33
Thermoelectric properties of a semicrystalline polymer doped beyond the insulator-to-metal transition by electrolyte gating
journal, February 2020
- Tanaka, Hisaaki; Kanahashi, Kaito; Takekoshi, Naoya
- Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 7
A new 3-D coordination polymer as a precursor for CuI-based thermoelectric composites
journal, January 2018
- Bai, Shi-Qiang; Wong, Ivy Hoi Ka; Zhang, Nan
- Dalton Transactions, Vol. 47, Issue 45
High thermoelectric power factor from multilayer solution-processed organic films
journal, February 2018
- Zuo, Guangzheng; Andersson, Olof; Abdalla, Hassan
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 8
Effect of Backbone Regiochemistry on Conductivity, Charge Density, and Polaron Structure of n-Doped Donor–Acceptor Polymers
journal, April 2019
- Wang, Suhao; Fazzi, Daniele; Puttisong, Yuttapoom
- Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 9
Closing the Stability–Performance Gap in Organic Thermoelectrics by Adjusting the Partial to Integer Charge Transfer Ratio
journal, January 2020
- Zapata-Arteaga, Osnat; Dörling, Bernhard; Perevedentsev, Aleksandr
- Macromolecules, Vol. 53, Issue 2
Enhanced n-Doping Efficiency of a Naphthalenediimide-Based Copolymer through Polar Side Chains for Organic Thermoelectrics
journal, January 2018
- Kiefer, David; Giovannitti, Alexander; Sun, Hengda
- ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 2
Enhanced Thermoelectric Power Factor of Tensile Drawn Poly(3-hexylthiophene)
journal, December 2018
- Hynynen, Jonna; Järsvall, Emmy; Kroon, Renee
- ACS Macro Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Recent Progress in Thermoelectric Materials Based on Conjugated Polymers
journal, January 2019
- Yao, Chang-Jiang; Zhang, Hao-Li; Zhang, Qichun
- Polymers, Vol. 11, Issue 1