Improved photoresponse with enhanced photoelectric contribution in fully suspended graphene photodetectors
Abstract
Graphene’s unique optoelectronic properties are promising to realize photodetectors with ultrafast photoresponse over a wide spectral range from far-infrared to ultraviolet radiation. The underlying mechanism of the photoresponse has been a particular focus of recent work and was found to be either photoelectric or photo-thermoelectric in nature and enhanced by hot carrier effects. Graphene supported by a substrate was found to be dominated by the photo-thermoelectric effect, which is known to be an order of magnitude slower than the photoelectric effect. Here we demonstrate fully-suspended chemical vapor deposition grown graphene microribbon arrays that are dominated by the faster photoelectric effect. Substrate removal was found to enhance the photoresponse by four-fold compared to substrate-supported microribbons. Furthermore, we show that the light-current input/output curves give valuable information about the underlying photophysical process responsible for the generated photocurrent. These findings are promising towards wafer-scale fabrication of graphene photodetectors approaching THz cut-off frequencies.
- Authors:
-
- Stevens Inst. of Technology Castle Point on the Hudson, Hoboken, NJ (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
- Stevens Inst. of Technology Castle Point on the Hudson, Hoboken, NJ (United States). Dept. of Physics and Engineering Physics
- Stevens Inst. of Technology Castle Point on the Hudson, Hoboken, NJ (United States).
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1624655
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-98CH10886
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Scientific Reports
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; Science & Technology - Other Topics; OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND DEVICES; OPTICAL PHYSICS
Citation Formats
Patil, Vikram, Capone, Aaron, Strauf, Stefan, and Yang, Eui-Hyeok. Improved photoresponse with enhanced photoelectric contribution in fully suspended graphene photodetectors. United States: N. p., 2013.
Web. doi:10.1038/srep02791.
Patil, Vikram, Capone, Aaron, Strauf, Stefan, & Yang, Eui-Hyeok. Improved photoresponse with enhanced photoelectric contribution in fully suspended graphene photodetectors. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep02791
Patil, Vikram, Capone, Aaron, Strauf, Stefan, and Yang, Eui-Hyeok. Fri .
"Improved photoresponse with enhanced photoelectric contribution in fully suspended graphene photodetectors". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep02791. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1624655.
@article{osti_1624655,
title = {Improved photoresponse with enhanced photoelectric contribution in fully suspended graphene photodetectors},
author = {Patil, Vikram and Capone, Aaron and Strauf, Stefan and Yang, Eui-Hyeok},
abstractNote = {Graphene’s unique optoelectronic properties are promising to realize photodetectors with ultrafast photoresponse over a wide spectral range from far-infrared to ultraviolet radiation. The underlying mechanism of the photoresponse has been a particular focus of recent work and was found to be either photoelectric or photo-thermoelectric in nature and enhanced by hot carrier effects. Graphene supported by a substrate was found to be dominated by the photo-thermoelectric effect, which is known to be an order of magnitude slower than the photoelectric effect. Here we demonstrate fully-suspended chemical vapor deposition grown graphene microribbon arrays that are dominated by the faster photoelectric effect. Substrate removal was found to enhance the photoresponse by four-fold compared to substrate-supported microribbons. Furthermore, we show that the light-current input/output curves give valuable information about the underlying photophysical process responsible for the generated photocurrent. These findings are promising towards wafer-scale fabrication of graphene photodetectors approaching THz cut-off frequencies.},
doi = {10.1038/srep02791},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = 1,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2013},
month = {Fri Sep 27 00:00:00 EDT 2013}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Terahertz and infrared photodetection using p-i-n multiple-graphene-layer structures
journal, March 2010
- Ryzhii, V.; Ryzhii, M.; Mitin, V.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 107, Issue 5
Two-Dimensional Phonon Transport in Supported Graphene
journal, April 2010
- Seol, J. H.; Jo, I.; Moore, A. L.
- Science, Vol. 328, Issue 5975
Ultrafast hot-carrier-dominated photocurrent in graphene
journal, January 2012
- Sun, Dong; Aivazian, Grant; Jones, Aaron M.
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Evidence for Extraction of Photoexcited Hot Carriers from Graphene
journal, July 2012
- Liu, Chang-Hua; Dissanayake, Nanditha M.; Lee, Seunghyun
- ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 8
Electronic Cooling in Graphene
journal, May 2009
- Bistritzer, R.; MacDonald, A. H.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 20
Time-resolved ultrafast photocurrents and terahertz generation in freely suspended graphene
journal, January 2012
- Prechtel, Leonhard; Song, Li; Schuh, Dieter
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Intrinsic Response Time of Graphene Photodetectors
journal, July 2011
- Urich, Alexander; Unterrainer, Karl; Mueller, Thomas
- Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 7
Hybrid graphene–quantum dot phototransistors with ultrahigh gain
journal, May 2012
- Konstantatos, Gerasimos; Badioli, Michela; Gaudreau, Louis
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 6
Increased Responsivity of Suspended Graphene Photodetectors
journal, March 2013
- Freitag, Marcus; Low, Tony; Avouris, Phaedon
- Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 4
Cooling of photoexcited carriers in graphene by internal and substrate phonons
journal, July 2012
- Low, Tony; Perebeinos, Vasili; Kim, Raseong
- Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 4
Approaching ballistic transport in suspended graphene
journal, July 2008
- Du, Xu; Skachko, Ivan; Barker, Anthony
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 8, p. 491-495
Imaging of Photocurrent Generation and Collection in Single-Layer Graphene
journal, May 2009
- Park, Jiwoong; Ahn, Y. H.; Ruiz-Vargas, Carlos
- Nano Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 5
Gate-Activated Photoresponse in a Graphene p–n Junction
journal, October 2011
- Lemme, Max C.; Koppens, Frank H. L.; Falk, Abram L.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 10
Graphene photonics and optoelectronics
journal, August 2010
- Bonaccorso, F.; Sun, Z.; Hasan, T.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 4, Issue 9
A graphene-based broadband optical modulator
journal, May 2011
- Liu, Ming; Yin, Xiaobo; Ulin-Avila, Erick
- Nature, Vol. 474, Issue 7349
Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene
journal, June 2008
- Bolotin, K. I.; Sikes, K. J.; Jiang, Z.
- Solid State Communications, Vol. 146, Issue 9-10, p. 351-355
Photocurrent measurements of supercollision cooling in graphene
journal, December 2012
- Graham, Matt W.; Shi, Su-Fei; Ralph, Daniel C.
- Nature Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 2
Regenerative oscillation and four-wave mixing in graphene optoelectronics
journal, July 2012
- Gu, T.; Petrone, N.; McMillan, J. F.
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 8
Gate dependent photocurrents at a graphene p-n junction
journal, November 2010
- Peters, Eva C.; Lee, Eduardo J. H.; Burghard, Marko
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 19
Graphene photodetectors for high-speed optical communications
journal, March 2010
- Mueller, Thomas; Xia, Fengnian; Avouris, Phaedon
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 4, Issue 5
Intrinsic and extrinsic performance limits of graphene devices on SiO2
journal, March 2008
- Chen, Jian-Hao; Jang, Chaun; Xiao, Shudong
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 4, p. 206-209
Graphene plasmonics for tunable terahertz metamaterials
journal, September 2011
- Ju, Long; Geng, Baisong; Horng, Jason
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 6, Issue 10
Ultrafast graphene photodetector
journal, October 2009
- Xia, Fengnian; Mueller, Thomas; Lin, Yu-ming
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 4, Issue 12, p. 839-843
Hot Carrier-Assisted Intrinsic Photoresponse in Graphene
journal, October 2011
- Gabor, N. M.; Song, J. C. W.; Ma, Q.
- Science, Vol. 334, Issue 6056
Single-particle relaxation time versus transport scattering time in a two-dimensional graphene layer
journal, May 2008
- Hwang, E. H.; Das Sarma, S.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 77, Issue 19
Electron-hole generation and recombination rates for Coulomb scattering in graphene
journal, October 2007
- Rana, Farhan
- Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 15
Infrared Photodetectors Based on CVD-Grown Graphene and PbS Quantum Dots with Ultrahigh Responsivity
journal, August 2012
- Sun, Zhenhua; Liu, Zhike; Li, Jinhua
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 43
Photoelectrical Response in Single-Layer Graphene Transistors
journal, September 2009
- Shi, Yumeng; Fang, Wenjing; Zhang, Keke
- Small, Vol. 5, Issue 17
Photoconductivity of biased graphene
journal, December 2012
- Freitag, Marcus; Low, Tony; Xia, Fengnian
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 7, Issue 1
First-principles study of the interaction and charge transfer between graphene and metals
journal, May 2009
- Khomyakov, P. A.; Giovannetti, G.; Rusu, P. C.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 19
Thermal Transport in Suspended and Supported Few-Layer Graphene
journal, January 2011
- Wang, Ziqian; Xie, Rongguo; Bui, Cong Tinh
- Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 1, p. 113-118
Photo-Thermoelectric Effect at a Graphene Interface Junction
journal, February 2010
- Xu, Xiaodong; Gabor, Nathaniel M.; Alden, Jonathan S.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 2
Hot Carrier Transport and Photocurrent Response in Graphene
journal, November 2011
- Song, Justin C. W.; Rudner, Mark S.; Marcus, Charles M.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 11
Photocurrent Imaging and Efficient Photon Detection in a Graphene Transistor
journal, March 2009
- Xia, Fengnian; Mueller, Thomas; Golizadeh-Mojarad, Roksana
- Nano Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 3
In Situ Observation of Electrostatic and Thermal Manipulation of Suspended Graphene Membranes
journal, October 2012
- Bao, Wenzhong; Myhro, Kevin; Zhao, Zeng
- Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 11
Broadband graphene terahertz modulators enabled by intraband transitions
journal, January 2012
- Sensale-Rodriguez, Berardi; Yan, Rusen; Kelly, Michelle M.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Graphene Photonics, Plasmonics, and Broadband Optoelectronic Devices
journal, May 2012
- Bao, Qiaoliang; Loh, Kian Ping
- ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 5
Flexural phonons and thermal transport in graphene
journal, September 2010
- Lindsay, L.; Broido, D. A.; Mingo, Natalio
- Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 11
Thermal Transport in Suspended and Supported Few-Layer Graphene
journal, January 2011
- Wang, Ziqian; Xie, Rongguo; Bui, Cong Tinh
- Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 1, p. 113-118
Hot Carrier Transport and Photocurrent Response in Graphene
journal, November 2011
- Song, Justin C. W.; Rudner, Mark S.; Marcus, Charles M.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 11
Increased Responsivity of Suspended Graphene Photodetectors
journal, March 2013
- Freitag, Marcus; Low, Tony; Avouris, Phaedon
- Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 4
Imaging of Photocurrent Generation and Collection in Single-Layer Graphene
journal, May 2009
- Park, Jiwoong; Ahn, Y. H.; Ruiz-Vargas, Carlos
- Nano Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 5
Photocurrent Imaging and Efficient Photon Detection in a Graphene Transistor
journal, March 2009
- Xia, Fengnian; Mueller, Thomas; Golizadeh-Mojarad, Roksana
- Nano Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 3
Graphene Photonics, Plasmonics, and Broadband Optoelectronic Devices
journal, May 2012
- Bao, Qiaoliang; Loh, Kian Ping
- ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 5
A graphene-based broadband optical modulator
journal, May 2011
- Liu, Ming; Yin, Xiaobo; Ulin-Avila, Erick
- Nature, Vol. 474, Issue 7349
Broadband graphene terahertz modulators enabled by intraband transitions
journal, January 2012
- Sensale-Rodriguez, Berardi; Yan, Rusen; Kelly, Michelle M.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Approaching ballistic transport in suspended graphene
journal, July 2008
- Du, Xu; Skachko, Ivan; Barker, Anthony
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 8, p. 491-495
Terahertz and infrared photodetection using p-i-n multiple-graphene-layer structures
journal, March 2010
- Ryzhii, V.; Ryzhii, M.; Mitin, V.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 107, Issue 5
Relaxation of optically excited carriers in graphene
journal, August 2011
- Kim, Raseong; Perebeinos, Vasili; Avouris, Phaedon
- Physical Review B, Vol. 84, Issue 7
Limits on Charge Carrier Mobility in Suspended Graphene due to Flexural Phonons
journal, December 2010
- Castro, Eduardo V.; Ochoa, H.; Katsnelson, M. I.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 26
First-principles study of the interaction and charge transfer between graphene and metals
text, January 2009
- Khomyakov, P. A.; Giovannetti, G.; Rusu, P. C.
- arXiv
Gate-activated photoresponse in a graphene p-n junction
text, January 2010
- Lemme, M. C.; Koppens, F. H. L.; Falk, A. L.
- arXiv
Intrinsic response time of graphene photodetectors
text, January 2011
- Urich, Alexander; Unterrainer, Karl; Mueller, Thomas
- arXiv
Evidence for Extraction of Photoexcited Hot Carriers from Graphene
preprint, January 2012
- Liu, Chang-Hua; Dissanayake, Nanditha M.; Lee, Seunghyun
- arXiv
Cooling of photoexcited carriers in graphene by internal and substrate phonons
text, January 2012
- Low, Tony; Perebeinos, Vasili; Kim, Raseong
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Radiation effects on two-dimensional materials: Radiation effects on two-dimensional materials
journal, September 2016
- Walker, R. C.; Shi, T.; Silva, E. C.
- physica status solidi (a), Vol. 213, Issue 12
Macroscopic and direct light propulsion of bulk graphene material
journal, June 2015
- Zhang, Tengfei; Chang, Huicong; Wu, Yingpeng
- Nature Photonics, Vol. 9, Issue 7
Design strategies for two‐dimensional material photodetectors to enhance device performance
journal, March 2019
- Wang, Jun; Han, Jiayue; Chen, Xiaoqing
- InfoMat, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Effects of etchants in the transfer of chemical vapor deposited graphene
journal, May 2018
- Wang, M.; Yang, E. H.; Vajtai, R.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 123, Issue 19
Photocurrent generation in lateral graphene p-n junction created by electron-beam irradiation
journal, July 2015
- Yu, Xuechao; Shen, Youde; Liu, Tao
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Nanostructured Photodetectors: From Ultraviolet to Terahertz
journal, November 2015
- Chen, Hongyu; Liu, Hui; Zhang, Zhiming
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 3
High-Performance Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Photodetectors Enhanced by Self-Assembled Monolayer Doping
journal, May 2015
- Kang, Dong-Ho; Kim, Myung-Soo; Shim, Jaewoo
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 27
Graphene-Based Light Sensing: Fabrication, Characterisation, Physical Properties and Performance
journal, September 2018
- De Sanctis, Adolfo; Mehew, Jake; Craciun, Monica
- Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 9
Thermoelectric Photosensor Based on Ultrathin Single-Crystalline Si Films †
journal, March 2019
- Gonçalves Dalkiranis, Gustavo; Ferrando-Villalba, Pablo; Lopeandia-Fernández, Aitor
- Sensors, Vol. 19, Issue 6
All-Optical Cross-Bar Switch Based on a Low-Loss Suspended Graphene Plasmonic Coupler
journal, August 2018
- Bahadori-Haghighi, Shahram; Ghayour, Rahim; Sheikhi, Mohammad Hossein
- Plasmonics, Vol. 14, Issue 2
Enhanced photoresponsivity in graphene-silicon slow-light photonic crystal waveguides
journal, March 2016
- Zhou, Hao; Gu, Tingyi; McMillan, James F.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 11
A High-Performance WSe 2 / h -BN Photodetector using a Triphenylphosphine (PPh 3 )-Based n-Doping Technique
journal, April 2016
- Jo, Seo-Hyeon; Kang, Dong-Ho; Shim, Jaewoo
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 24
High-Performance 2D Rhenium Disulfide (ReS 2 ) Transistors and Photodetectors by Oxygen Plasma Treatment
journal, May 2016
- Shim, Jaewoo; Oh, Aely; Kang, Dong-Ho
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 32
Fast Charge Transfer Confers New Skills on 3D Graphene Sponges: Human Body Induction and Infrared Radiation Induction
journal, January 2019
- Jia, Fengqiu; Chen, Xiuhong; Ding, Wei
- ChemNanoMat, Vol. 5, Issue 4
Rhenium Diselenide (ReSe 2 ) Near‐Infrared Photodetector: Performance Enhancement by Selective p‐Doping Technique
journal, August 2019
- Kim, Jinok; Heo, Keun; Kang, Dong‐Ho
- Advanced Science, Vol. 6, Issue 21
Fabrication and properties of a high-performance chlorine doped graphene quantum dot based photovoltaic detector
journal, January 2015
- Zhao, Jianhong; Tang, Libin; Xiang, Jinzhong
- RSC Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 37
Macroscopic and direct light propulsion of bulk graphene material
preprint, January 2015
- Zhang, Tengfei; Chang, Huicong; Wu, Yingpeng
- arXiv
A proposal of a perfect graphene absorber with enhanced design and fabrication tolerance
journal, July 2017
- Lee, Sangjun; Tran, Thang Q.; Heo, Hyungjun
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
High fabrication-tolerant narrowband perfect graphene absorber based on guided-mode resonance in distributed Bragg reflector
journal, March 2019
- Lee, Sangjun; Heo, Hyungjun; Kim, Sangin
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Graphene perfect absorber of ultra-wide bandwidth based on wavelength-insensitive phase matching in prism coupling
journal, August 2019
- Lee, Sangjun; Heo, Hyungjun; Kim, Sangin
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Photodetector based on Vernier-Enhanced Fabry-Perot Interferometers with a Photo-Thermal Coating
journal, January 2017
- Chen, George Y.; Wu, Xuan; Liu, Xiaokong
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1
Thermoelectric Photosensor Based on Ultrathin Single-Crystalline Si Films †
journal, March 2019
- Gonçalves Dalkiranis, Gustavo; Ferrando-Villalba, Pablo; Lopeandia-Fernández, Aitor
- Sensors, Vol. 19, Issue 6
Extraordinary linear dynamic range in laser-defined functionalized graphene photodetectors
text, January 2017
- De Sanctis, Adolfo; Jones, Gareth F.; Wehenkel, Dominique J.
- arXiv
Graphene-based light sensing: fabrication, characterisation, physical properties and performance
text, January 2018
- De Sanctis, Adolfo; Mehew, Jake D.; Craciun, Monica F.
- arXiv