Configurable topological textures in strain graded ferroelectric nanoplates
Abstract
Topological defects in matter behave collectively to form highly non-trivial structures called topological textures that are characterised by conserved quantities such as the winding number. Here we show that an epitaxial ferroelectric square nanoplate of bismuth ferrite subjected to a large strain gradient (as much as 105m-1) associated with misfit strain relaxation enables five discrete levels for the ferroelectric topological invariant of the entire system because of its peculiar radial quadrant domain texture and its inherent domain wall chirality. The total winding number of the topological texture can be configured from-1 to 3 by selective non-local electric switching of the quadrant domains. By using angle-resolved piezoresponse force microscopy in conjunction with local winding number analysis, we directly identify the existence of vortices and anti-vortices, observe pair creation and annihilation and manipulate the net number of vortices. Our findings offer a useful concept for multi-level topological defect memory.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[5];
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Dept. of Physics, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Korea Inst. of Materials Science, Dept. of Materials Modelling and Characterization, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea; Pusan National Univ., Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- The Pennsylvania State Univ., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Park, PA, 16802, (United States)
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Korea Inst. of Materials Science, Dept. of Materials Modelling and Characterization, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea; POSTECH, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Univ. of California, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering/Dept. of Physics, Berkeley, CA, 94720, (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL), Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Dept. of Physics, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Research Foundation (NRF), Korean Government; Creative Research Initiative Center for Lattice Defectronics; Center for Quantum Coherence in Condensed Matter; Global Frontier R&D Program on Center for Hybrid Interface Materials (HIM), Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning; National Science Foundation (NSF); Penn State MRSEC, Center for Nanoscale Science
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1624072
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-07ER46417
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- Science & Technology - Other Topics
Citation Formats
Kim, Kwang-Eun, Jeong, Seuri, Chu, Kanghyun, Lee, Jin Hong, Kim, Gi-Yeop, Xue, Fei, Koo, Tae Yeong, Chen, Long-Qing, Choi, Si-Young, Ramesh, Ramamoorthy, and Yang, Chan-Ho. Configurable topological textures in strain graded ferroelectric nanoplates. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02813-5.
Kim, Kwang-Eun, Jeong, Seuri, Chu, Kanghyun, Lee, Jin Hong, Kim, Gi-Yeop, Xue, Fei, Koo, Tae Yeong, Chen, Long-Qing, Choi, Si-Young, Ramesh, Ramamoorthy, & Yang, Chan-Ho. Configurable topological textures in strain graded ferroelectric nanoplates. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02813-5
Kim, Kwang-Eun, Jeong, Seuri, Chu, Kanghyun, Lee, Jin Hong, Kim, Gi-Yeop, Xue, Fei, Koo, Tae Yeong, Chen, Long-Qing, Choi, Si-Young, Ramesh, Ramamoorthy, and Yang, Chan-Ho. Fri .
"Configurable topological textures in strain graded ferroelectric nanoplates". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02813-5. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1624072.
@article{osti_1624072,
title = {Configurable topological textures in strain graded ferroelectric nanoplates},
author = {Kim, Kwang-Eun and Jeong, Seuri and Chu, Kanghyun and Lee, Jin Hong and Kim, Gi-Yeop and Xue, Fei and Koo, Tae Yeong and Chen, Long-Qing and Choi, Si-Young and Ramesh, Ramamoorthy and Yang, Chan-Ho},
abstractNote = {Topological defects in matter behave collectively to form highly non-trivial structures called topological textures that are characterised by conserved quantities such as the winding number. Here we show that an epitaxial ferroelectric square nanoplate of bismuth ferrite subjected to a large strain gradient (as much as 105m-1) associated with misfit strain relaxation enables five discrete levels for the ferroelectric topological invariant of the entire system because of its peculiar radial quadrant domain texture and its inherent domain wall chirality. The total winding number of the topological texture can be configured from-1 to 3 by selective non-local electric switching of the quadrant domains. By using angle-resolved piezoresponse force microscopy in conjunction with local winding number analysis, we directly identify the existence of vortices and anti-vortices, observe pair creation and annihilation and manipulate the net number of vortices. Our findings offer a useful concept for multi-level topological defect memory.},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-017-02813-5},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = 1,
volume = 9,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jan 26 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Fri Jan 26 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Thermodynamic potential and phase diagram for multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BiFeO 3 )
journal, May 2017
- Karpinsky, Dmitry V.; Eliseev, Eugene A.; Xue, Fei
- npj Computational Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Direct Observation of Continuous Electric Dipole Rotation in Flux-Closure Domains in Ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3
journal, March 2011
- Jia, C. -L.; Urban, K. W.; Alexe, M.
- Science, Vol. 331, Issue 6023
Discovery of stable skyrmionic state in ferroelectric nanocomposites
journal, October 2015
- Nahas, Y.; Prokhorenko, S.; Louis, L.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Controllability of Vortex Domain Structure in Ferroelectric Nanodot: Fruitful Domain Patterns and Transformation Paths
journal, February 2014
- Wu, C. M.; Chen, W. J.; Zheng, Yue
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1
Switching the curl of polarization vectors by an irrotational electric field
journal, September 2016
- Xue, Fei; Li, Linze; Britson, Jason
- Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 10
The topological theory of defects in ordered media
journal, July 1979
- Mermin, N. D.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 3
Strain dependence of polarization and piezoelectric response in epitaxial BiFeO 3 thin films
journal, March 2012
- Daumont, C.; Ren, W.; Infante, I. C.
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 24, Issue 16
Unusual phase transitions in ferroelectric nanodisks and nanorods
journal, December 2004
- Naumov, Ivan I.; Bellaiche, L.; Fu, Huaxiang
- Nature, Vol. 432, Issue 7018
X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram
journal, January 1953
- Williamson, G. K.; Hall, W. H.
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 1, Issue 1
Aperiodic topological order in the domain configurations of functional materials
journal, March 2017
- Huang, Fei-Ting; Cheong, Sang-Wook
- Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 3
Effect of epitaxial strain on ferroelectric polarization in multiferroic BiFeO[sub 3] films
journal, January 2008
- Kim, Dae Ho; Lee, Ho Nyung; Biegalski, Michael D.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 1
Observation of polar vortices in oxide superlattices
journal, January 2016
- Yadav, A. K.; Nelson, C. T.; Hsu, S. L.
- Nature, Vol. 530, Issue 7589
Very large spontaneous electric polarization in BiFeO3 single crystals at room temperature and its evolution under cycling fields
journal, July 2007
- Lebeugle, D.; Colson, D.; Forget, A.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 2
Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
journal, February 2009
- Muhlbauer, S.; Binz, B.; Jonietz, F.
- Science, Vol. 323, Issue 5916
Strain gradients in epitaxial ferroelectrics
journal, July 2005
- Catalan, G.; Noheda, B.; McAneney, J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 2
Unwinding of a Skyrmion Lattice by Magnetic Monopoles
journal, May 2013
- Milde, P.; Kohler, D.; Seidel, J.
- Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6136
Mesoscale flux-closure domain formation in single-crystal BaTiO3
journal, July 2011
- McQuaid, R. G. P.; McGilly, L. J.; Sharma, P.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 2, Article No. 404
Atomic-scale evolution of modulated phases at the ferroelectric–antiferroelectric morphotropic phase boundary controlled by flexoelectric interaction
journal, January 2012
- Borisevich, A. Y.; Eliseev, E. A.; Morozovska, A. N.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Mixed Bloch-Néel-Ising character of ferroelectric domain walls
journal, August 2009
- Lee, Donghwa; Behera, Rakesh K.; Wu, Pingping
- Physical Review B, Vol. 80, Issue 6
Flexoelectric rotation of polarization in ferroelectric thin films
journal, October 2011
- Catalan, G.; Lubk, A.; Vlooswijk, A. H. G.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 12
Stability of Polar Vortex Lattice in Ferroelectric Superlattices
journal, March 2017
- Hong, Zijian; Damodaran, Anoop R.; Xue, Fei
- Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 4
Flexoelectric Effect in the Reversal of Self-Polarization and Associated Changes in the Electronic Functional Properties of BiFeO 3 Thin Films
journal, July 2013
- Jeon, Byung Chul; Lee, Daesu; Lee, Myang Hwan
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 39
Domains in Ferroelectric Nanodots
journal, September 2009
- Schilling, A.; Byrne, D.; Catalan, G.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 9
Exotic Domain States in Ferroelectrics: Searching for Vortices and Skyrmions
journal, January 2012
- Gregg, J. M.
- Ferroelectrics, Vol. 433, Issue 1
Flexocoupling impact on size effects of piezoresponse and conductance in mixed-type ferroelectric semiconductors under applied pressure
journal, November 2016
- Morozovska, Anna N.; Eliseev, Eugene A.; Genenko, Yuri A.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 17
The quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators
journal, January 2010
- Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, Shou-Cheng
- Physics Today, Vol. 63, Issue 1, p. 33-38
Resolution-function theory in piezoresponse force microscopy: Wall imaging, spectroscopy, and lateral resolution
journal, May 2007
- Morozovska, Anna N.; Eliseev, Eugene A.; Bravina, Svetlana L.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 75, Issue 17
A unified field theory of mesons and baryons
journal, March 1962
- Skyrme, T. H. R.
- Nuclear Physics, Vol. 31
Misfit dislocations in nanoscale ferroelectric heterostructures
journal, May 2005
- Nagarajan, V.; Jia, C. L.; Kohlstedt, H.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 19
Applications of semi-implicit Fourier-spectral method to phase field equations
journal, February 1998
- Chen, L. Q.; Shen, Jie
- Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 108, Issue 2-3
Observation of a periodic array of flux-closure quadrants in strained ferroelectric PbTiO3 films
journal, April 2015
- Tang, Y. L.; Zhu, Y. L.; Ma, X. L.
- Science, Vol. 348, Issue 6234
Exploring Topological Defects in Epitaxial BiFeO 3 Thin Films
journal, January 2011
- Vasudevan, Rama K.; Chen, Yi-Chun; Tai, Hsiang-Hua
- ACS Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Giant Flexoelectric Effect in Ferroelectric Epitaxial Thin Films
journal, July 2011
- Lee, D.; Yoon, A.; Jang, S. Y.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 5
Enhancement of the anisotropic photocurrent in ferroelectric oxides by strain gradients
journal, August 2015
- Chu, Kanghyun; Jang, Byung-Kweon; Sung, Ji Ho
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 11
Enhanced electric conductivity at ferroelectric vortex cores in BiFeO3
journal, November 2011
- Balke, Nina; Winchester, Benjamin; Ren, Wei
- Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Three-dimensional phase-field simulation of domain structures in ferroelectric islands
journal, March 2008
- Zhang, J. X.; Wu, R.; Choudhury, S.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 12
Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
journal, June 2010
- Yu, X. Z.; Onose, Y.; Kanazawa, N.
- Nature, Vol. 465, Issue 7300
Orientations of low-energy domain walls in perovskites with oxygen octahedral tilts
journal, December 2014
- Xue, Fei; Gu, Yijia; Liang, Linyun
- Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 22
Epitaxial BiFeO3 Multiferroic Thin Film Heterostructures
journal, March 2003
- Wang, J.; Neaton, J. B.; Zheng, H.
- Science, Vol. 299, Issue 5613, p. 1719-1722
Topological defects as relics of emergent continuous symmetry and Higgs condensation of disorder in ferroelectrics
journal, November 2014
- Lin, Shi-Zeng; Wang, Xueyun; Kamiya, Yoshitomo
- Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 12
Mechanical Self-Assembly of a Strain-Engineered Flexible Layer: Wrinkling, Rolling, and Twisting
journal, January 2016
- Chen, Zi; Huang, Gaoshan; Trase, Ian
- Physical Review Applied, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Unusual Phase Transitions in Ferroelectric Nanodisks and Nanorods
journal, March 2005
- Naumov, Ivan I.; Bellaiche, L.; Fu, Huaxiang
- ChemInform, Vol. 36, Issue 9
Magnetoelectric coupling of domains, domain walls and vortices in a multiferroic with independent magnetic and electric order
journal, May 2021
- Giraldo, Marcela; Meier, Quintin N.; Bortis, Amadé
- Nature Communications, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Very large spontaneous electric polarization in BiFeO3 single crystals at room temperature and its evolution under cycling fields
text, January 2007
- Lebeugle, D.; Colson, D.; Forget, A.
- arXiv
Effect of epitaxial strain on ferroelectric polarization in multiferroic BiFeO3 films
text, January 2007
- Kim, Dae Ho; Lee, Ho Nyung; Biegalski, Michael D.
- arXiv
The quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators
text, January 2010
- Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, Shou-Cheng
- arXiv
Giant Flexoelectric Effect in Ferroelectric Epitaxial Thin Films
text, January 2011
- Lee, Daesu; Yoon, A.; Jang, S. Y.
- arXiv
Topological defects as relics of emergent continuous symmetry and Higgs condensation of disorder in ferroelectrics
text, January 2015
- Lin, Shi-Zeng; Wang, Xueyun; Kamiya, Yoshitomo
- arXiv
Mechanical Self-Assembly of a Strain-Engineered Flexible Layer: Wrinkling, Rolling, and Twisting
preprint, January 2015
- Chen, Zi; Huang, Gaoshan; Trase, Ian
- arXiv
Aperiodic topological order in the domain configurations of functional materials
text, January 2017
- Huang, Fei-Ting; Cheong, Sang-Wook
- arXiv
Strain Gradients in Epitaxial Ferroelectrics
text, January 2004
- Catalan, G.; Noheda, B.; McAneney, J.
- arXiv
Flexoelectric Effect in the Reversal of Self-Polarization and Associated Changes in the Electronic Functional Properties of BiFeO 3 Thin Films
journal, July 2013
- Jeon, Byung Chul; Lee, Daesu; Lee, Myang Hwan
- Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 39
X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram
journal, January 1953
- Williamson, G. K.; Hall, W. H.
- Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 1, Issue 1
A unified field theory of mesons and baryons
journal, March 1962
- Skyrme, T. H. R.
- Nuclear Physics, Vol. 31
Stability of Polar Vortex Lattice in Ferroelectric Superlattices
journal, March 2017
- Hong, Zijian; Damodaran, Anoop R.; Xue, Fei
- Nano Letters, Vol. 17, Issue 4
Domains in Ferroelectric Nanodots
journal, September 2009
- Schilling, A.; Byrne, D.; Catalan, G.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 9
Exploring Topological Defects in Epitaxial BiFeO 3 Thin Films
journal, January 2011
- Vasudevan, Rama K.; Chen, Yi-Chun; Tai, Hsiang-Hua
- ACS Nano, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Unusual phase transitions in ferroelectric nanodisks and nanorods
journal, December 2004
- Naumov, Ivan I.; Bellaiche, L.; Fu, Huaxiang
- Nature, Vol. 432, Issue 7018
Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
journal, June 2010
- Yu, X. Z.; Onose, Y.; Kanazawa, N.
- Nature, Vol. 465, Issue 7300
Observation of polar vortices in oxide superlattices
journal, January 2016
- Yadav, A. K.; Nelson, C. T.; Hsu, S. L.
- Nature, Vol. 530, Issue 7589
Mesoscale flux-closure domain formation in single-crystal BaTiO3
journal, July 2011
- McQuaid, R. G. P.; McGilly, L. J.; Sharma, P.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 2, Article No. 404
Atomic-scale evolution of modulated phases at the ferroelectric–antiferroelectric morphotropic phase boundary controlled by flexoelectric interaction
journal, January 2012
- Borisevich, A. Y.; Eliseev, E. A.; Morozovska, A. N.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Discovery of stable skyrmionic state in ferroelectric nanocomposites
journal, October 2015
- Nahas, Y.; Prokhorenko, S.; Louis, L.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Enhancement of the anisotropic photocurrent in ferroelectric oxides by strain gradients
journal, August 2015
- Chu, Kanghyun; Jang, Byung-Kweon; Sung, Ji Ho
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 11
Enhanced electric conductivity at ferroelectric vortex cores in BiFeO3
journal, November 2011
- Balke, Nina; Winchester, Benjamin; Ren, Wei
- Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Topological defects as relics of emergent continuous symmetry and Higgs condensation of disorder in ferroelectrics
journal, November 2014
- Lin, Shi-Zeng; Wang, Xueyun; Kamiya, Yoshitomo
- Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 12
Controllability of Vortex Domain Structure in Ferroelectric Nanodot: Fruitful Domain Patterns and Transformation Paths
journal, February 2014
- Wu, C. M.; Chen, W. J.; Zheng, Yue
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1
Effect of epitaxial strain on ferroelectric polarization in multiferroic BiFeO[sub 3] films
journal, January 2008
- Kim, Dae Ho; Lee, Ho Nyung; Biegalski, Michael D.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 1
Three-dimensional phase-field simulation of domain structures in ferroelectric islands
journal, March 2008
- Zhang, J. X.; Wu, R.; Choudhury, S.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 12
The quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators
journal, January 2010
- Qi, Xiao-Liang; Zhang, Shou-Cheng
- Physics Today, Vol. 63, Issue 1, p. 33-38
Strain dependence of polarization and piezoelectric response in epitaxial BiFeO 3 thin films
journal, March 2012
- Daumont, C.; Ren, W.; Infante, I. C.
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 24, Issue 16
Surface Studies of Solids by Total Reflection of X-Rays
journal, July 1954
- Parratt, L. G.
- Physical Review, Vol. 95, Issue 2
Epitaxial BiFeO3 Multiferroic Thin Film Heterostructures
journal, March 2003
- Wang, J.; Neaton, J. B.; Zheng, H.
- Science, Vol. 299, Issue 5613, p. 1719-1722
Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
journal, February 2009
- Muhlbauer, S.; Binz, B.; Jonietz, F.
- Science, Vol. 323, Issue 5916
Direct Observation of Continuous Electric Dipole Rotation in Flux-Closure Domains in Ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3
journal, March 2011
- Jia, C. -L.; Urban, K. W.; Alexe, M.
- Science, Vol. 331, Issue 6023
Observation of a periodic array of flux-closure quadrants in strained ferroelectric PbTiO3 films
journal, April 2015
- Tang, Y. L.; Zhu, Y. L.; Ma, X. L.
- Science, Vol. 348, Issue 6234
Flexocoupling impact on the size effects of piezo- response and conductance in mixed-type ferroelectrics-semiconductors under applied pressure
text, January 2016
- Morozovska, Anna N.; Eliseev, Eugene A.; Genenko, Yuri A.
- arXiv
Aperiodic topological order in the domain configurations of functional materials
text, January 2017
- Huang, Fei-Ting; Cheong, Sang-Wook
- arXiv
Works referencing / citing this record:
Structure, Ferroelectricity, and Magnetism in Self‐Assembled BiFeO 3 –CoFe 2 O 4 Nanocomposites on (110)‐LaAlO 3 Substrates
journal, May 2019
- Tian, Guo; Ojha, Shuchi; Ning, Shuai
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 7
Mechanical-force-induced non-local collective ferroelastic switching in epitaxial lead-titanate thin films
journal, September 2019
- Lu, Xiaoyan; Chen, Zuhuang; Cao, Ye
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Manipulating topological transformations of polar structures through real-time observation of the dynamic polarization evolution
journal, October 2019
- Du, K.; Zhang, M.; Dai, C.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Controllable conductive readout in self-assembled, topologically confined ferroelectric domain walls
journal, July 2018
- Ma, Ji; Ma, Jing; Zhang, Qinghua
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 13, Issue 10
Controllable defect driven symmetry change and domain structure evolution in BiFeO 3 with enhanced tetragonality
journal, January 2019
- Chen, Chao; Wang, Changan; Cai, Xiangbin
- Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 17
Progress in BiFeO 3 -based heterostructures: materials, properties and applications
journal, January 2020
- Yin, Li; Mi, Wenbo
- Nanoscale, Vol. 12, Issue 2
Understanding and predicting geometrical constraint ferroelectric charged domain walls in a BiFeO 3 island via phase-field simulations
journal, November 2018
- Peng, Ren-Ci; Cheng, Xiaoxing; Ma, Ji
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 22
High-resolution angle-resolved lateral piezoresponse force microscopy: Visualization of in-plane piezoresponse vectors
journal, December 2018
- Chu, Kanghyun; Yang, Chan-Ho
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 12
On the correlation between topological defects of polarization field and Euler characteristics of ferroelectric nanostructures
journal, January 2019
- Van Lich, Le; Ton, Quang-Thang; Nguyen, Trong-Giang
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 2
Characterization and control of vortex and antivortex domain defects in quadrilateral ferroelectric nanodots
journal, October 2019
- Ding, L. L.; Ji, Ye; Zhang, X. Y.
- Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 10
Functional Ferroic Domain Walls for Nanoelectronics
journal, September 2019
- Sharma, Pankaj; Schoenherr, Peggy; Seidel, Jan
- Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 18
Functional Ferroic Domain Walls for Nanoelectronics
journal, September 2019
- Sharma, Pankaj; Schoenherr, Peggy; Seidel, Jan
- Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 18