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Title: A Comparison of Cs-137 γ Rays and 320-kV X-Rays in a Mouse Bone Marrow Transplantation Model

Abstract

US homeland security concerns regarding the potential misuse of some radiation sources used in radiobiological research, for example, cesium-137 (137Cs), have resulted in recommendations by the National Research Council to conduct studies into replacing these sources with suitable X-ray instruments. The objective of this research is to compare the effectiveness of an X-RAD 320 irradiator (PXINC 2010) with a 137Cs irradiator (Gammacell-1000 Unit) using an established bone marrow chimeric model. Using measured radiation doses for each instrument, we characterized the dose–response relationships for bone marrow and splenocyte ablation, using a cytotoxicity-hazard model. Our results show that the X-RAD 320 photon energy spectrum was suitable for ablating bone marrow at the 3 exposure levels used, similar to that of 137Cs photons. However, the 320-kV X-rays were not as effective as the much higher energy γ rays at depleting mouse splenocytes. Furthermore, the 3 X-ray levels used were less effective than the higher energy γ rays in allowing the successful engraftment of donor bone marrow, potentially as a result of the incomplete depletion of the spleen cells. More defined studies are warranted for determining whether bone marrow transplantation in mice can be successfully achieved using 320-kV X-rays. A higher X-ray dose thenmore » used is likely needed for transplantation success.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [1]
  1. Lovelace Respiratory Research Inst., Albuquerque, NM (United States)
  2. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
OSTI Identifier:
1618068
Report Number(s):
SAND-2019-15284J
Journal ID: ISSN 1559-3258; 682072; TRN: US2106789
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Dose-Response
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1559-3258
Publisher:
International Hormesis Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.; Cs-137 γ rays; 320-kV X-rays; bone marrow; spleen

Citation Formats

Gott, Katherine M., Potter, Charles A., Doyle-Eisele, Melanie, Lin, Yong, Wilder, Julie, and Scott, Bobby R. A Comparison of Cs-137 γ Rays and 320-kV X-Rays in a Mouse Bone Marrow Transplantation Model. United States: N. p., 2020. Web. doi:10.1177/1559325820916572.
Gott, Katherine M., Potter, Charles A., Doyle-Eisele, Melanie, Lin, Yong, Wilder, Julie, & Scott, Bobby R. A Comparison of Cs-137 γ Rays and 320-kV X-Rays in a Mouse Bone Marrow Transplantation Model. United States. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559325820916572
Gott, Katherine M., Potter, Charles A., Doyle-Eisele, Melanie, Lin, Yong, Wilder, Julie, and Scott, Bobby R. Fri . "A Comparison of Cs-137 γ Rays and 320-kV X-Rays in a Mouse Bone Marrow Transplantation Model". United States. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559325820916572. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1618068.
@article{osti_1618068,
title = {A Comparison of Cs-137 γ Rays and 320-kV X-Rays in a Mouse Bone Marrow Transplantation Model},
author = {Gott, Katherine M. and Potter, Charles A. and Doyle-Eisele, Melanie and Lin, Yong and Wilder, Julie and Scott, Bobby R.},
abstractNote = {US homeland security concerns regarding the potential misuse of some radiation sources used in radiobiological research, for example, cesium-137 (137Cs), have resulted in recommendations by the National Research Council to conduct studies into replacing these sources with suitable X-ray instruments. The objective of this research is to compare the effectiveness of an X-RAD 320 irradiator (PXINC 2010) with a 137Cs irradiator (Gammacell-1000 Unit) using an established bone marrow chimeric model. Using measured radiation doses for each instrument, we characterized the dose–response relationships for bone marrow and splenocyte ablation, using a cytotoxicity-hazard model. Our results show that the X-RAD 320 photon energy spectrum was suitable for ablating bone marrow at the 3 exposure levels used, similar to that of 137Cs photons. However, the 320-kV X-rays were not as effective as the much higher energy γ rays at depleting mouse splenocytes. Furthermore, the 3 X-ray levels used were less effective than the higher energy γ rays in allowing the successful engraftment of donor bone marrow, potentially as a result of the incomplete depletion of the spleen cells. More defined studies are warranted for determining whether bone marrow transplantation in mice can be successfully achieved using 320-kV X-rays. A higher X-ray dose then used is likely needed for transplantation success.},
doi = {10.1177/1559325820916572},
journal = {Dose-Response},
number = 2,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Apr 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Fri Apr 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}

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Figures / Tables:

Table 1 Table 1: Target (Intended) and Measured Absorbed Radiation Doses.

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