Title: Exosomes From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes Promote Autophagy for Myocardial Repair

Abstract

Background. Induced pluripotent stem cells and their differentiated cardiomyocytes (iCMs) have tremendous potential as patient-specific therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy following myocardial infarctions, but difficulties in viable transplantation limit clinical translation. Exosomes secreted from iCMs (iCM-Ex) can be robustly collected in vitro and injected in lieu of live iCMs as a cell-free therapy for myocardial infarction. Methods and Results. iCM-Ex were precipitated from iCM supernatant and characterized by protein marker expression, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and functionalized nanogold transmission electron microscopy. iCM-Ex were then used in in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic injuries. Cardiac function in vivo was evaluated by left ventricular ejection fraction and myocardial viability measurements by magnetic resonance imaging. Cardioprotective mechanisms were studied by JC-1 (tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide) assay, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, transmission electron microscopy, and immunoblotting. iCM-Ex measured ≈140 nm and expressed CD63 and CD9. iCM and iCM-Ex microRNA profiles had significant overlap, indicating that exosomal content was reflective of the parent cell. Mice treated with iCM-Ex demonstrated significant cardiac improvement post–myocardial infarction, with significantly reduced apoptosis and fibrosis. In vitro iCM apoptosis was significantly reduced by hypoxia and exosome biogenesis inhibition and restored by treatment with iCM-Ex or rapamycin. Autophagosome production and autophagymore » flux was upregulated in iCM-Ex groups in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions. iCM-Ex improve post–myocardial infarction cardiac function by regulating autophagy in hypoxic cardiomyoytes, enabling a cell-free, patient-specific therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy.« less

Authors:

Santoso, Michelle R. ^[1]; Ikeda, Gentaro ^[1]; Tada, Yuko ^[1]; Jung, Ji‐Hye ^[1]; Vaskova, Evgeniya ^[1]; Sierra, Raymond G. ^[2]; Gati, Cornelius ^[3]; Goldstone, Andrew B. ^[4]; von Bornstaedt, Daniel ^[3]; Shukla, Praveen ^[1]; Wu, Joseph C. ^[1]; Wakatsuki, Soichi ^[3]; Woo, Y. Joseph ^[4]; Yang, Phillip C.  ^[1]

• Search DOE PAGES for author "Yang, Phillip C."
• Search DOE PAGES for ORCID "0000-0002-6274-895X"

---

+ Show Author Affiliations

1. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). School of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Inst.
2. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Photon Ultrafast Laser Science and Engineering Inst. (PULSE)
3. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). School of Medicine
4. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Medical Center

Publication Date:

Tue Mar 17 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Research Org.:

SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE; National Institutes of Health (NIH)

OSTI Identifier:

1617007

Grant/Contract Number:  

AC02-76SF00515

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Journal of the American Heart Association

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2047-9980

Publisher:

American Heart Association, Inc.

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; autophagy; exosomes; iPSC; ischemic cardiomyopathy