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Title: Reverse Shock Emission Revealed in Early Photometry in the Candidate Short GRB 180418A

Abstract

Here, we present observations of the possible short GRB 180418A in γ-rays, X-rays, and in the optical. Early optical photometry with the TAROT and RATIR instruments shows a bright peak (≈14.2 AB mag) between T + 28 and T + 90 s that we interpret as the signature of a reverse shock. Later observations can be modeled by a standard forward shock model and show no evidence of a jet break, allowing us to constrain the jet collimation to θ j > 7°. Using deep late-time optical observations, we place an upper limit of r > 24 AB mag on any underlying host galaxy. The detection of the afterglow in the Swift UV filters constrains the GRB redshift to z < 1.3 and places an upper bound on the γ-ray isotropic equivalent energy E γ,iso < 3 ×1051 erg. The properties of this GRB (e.g., duration, hardness ratio, energy, and environment) lie at the intersection between short and long bursts, and we cannot conclusively identify its type. We estimate that the probability that it is drawn from the population of short GRBs is 10%-30%.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [1]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [7]; ORCiD logo [8]; ORCiD logo [1];  [9]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [10]; ORCiD logo [11]
  1. Univ. Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City (Mexico)
  2. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)
  3. Inst. de Recherce en Astronophysique et Panetologie, Toulous (France)
  4. Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
  5. Univ. of Alabama, Huntsville, AL (United States)
  6. Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing (China)
  7. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  8. ARTEMIS, Nice (France)
  9. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)
  10. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)
  11. Unidad Academica en Ensenada (Mexico)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología in Mexico (CONACyT); UNAM PA-PIIT; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
OSTI Identifier:
1616087
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; NNX09AH71G; NNX09AT02G; NNX10AI27G; NNX12AE66G; INFR-2009-01-122785; CB-2008-101958; IG100414; IA102917; IA102019; CN 09-283
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 881; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; gamma-ray burst

Citation Formats

Becerra, R. L., Dichiara, S., Watson, A. M., Troja, E., Fraija, N., Klotz, A., Butler, N. R., Lee, W. H., Veres, P., Turpin, D., Bloom, J. S., Boer, M., González, J. J., Kutyrev, A. S., Prochaska, J. X., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., and Richer, M. G. Reverse Shock Emission Revealed in Early Photometry in the Candidate Short GRB 180418A. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab275b.
Becerra, R. L., Dichiara, S., Watson, A. M., Troja, E., Fraija, N., Klotz, A., Butler, N. R., Lee, W. H., Veres, P., Turpin, D., Bloom, J. S., Boer, M., González, J. J., Kutyrev, A. S., Prochaska, J. X., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., & Richer, M. G. Reverse Shock Emission Revealed in Early Photometry in the Candidate Short GRB 180418A. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab275b
Becerra, R. L., Dichiara, S., Watson, A. M., Troja, E., Fraija, N., Klotz, A., Butler, N. R., Lee, W. H., Veres, P., Turpin, D., Bloom, J. S., Boer, M., González, J. J., Kutyrev, A. S., Prochaska, J. X., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., and Richer, M. G. Wed . "Reverse Shock Emission Revealed in Early Photometry in the Candidate Short GRB 180418A". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab275b. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1616087.
@article{osti_1616087,
title = {Reverse Shock Emission Revealed in Early Photometry in the Candidate Short GRB 180418A},
author = {Becerra, R. L. and Dichiara, S. and Watson, A. M. and Troja, E. and Fraija, N. and Klotz, A. and Butler, N. R. and Lee, W. H. and Veres, P. and Turpin, D. and Bloom, J. S. and Boer, M. and González, J. J. and Kutyrev, A. S. and Prochaska, J. X. and Ramirez-Ruiz, E. and Richer, M. G.},
abstractNote = {Here, we present observations of the possible short GRB 180418A in γ-rays, X-rays, and in the optical. Early optical photometry with the TAROT and RATIR instruments shows a bright peak (≈14.2 AB mag) between T + 28 and T + 90 s that we interpret as the signature of a reverse shock. Later observations can be modeled by a standard forward shock model and show no evidence of a jet break, allowing us to constrain the jet collimation to θ j > 7°. Using deep late-time optical observations, we place an upper limit of r > 24 AB mag on any underlying host galaxy. The detection of the afterglow in the Swift UV filters constrains the GRB redshift to z < 1.3 and places an upper bound on the γ-ray isotropic equivalent energy E γ,iso < 3 ×1051 erg. The properties of this GRB (e.g., duration, hardness ratio, energy, and environment) lie at the intersection between short and long bursts, and we cannot conclusively identify its type. We estimate that the probability that it is drawn from the population of short GRBs is 10%-30%.},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab275b},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 881,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Wed Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}

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Cited by: 14 works
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Figures / Tables:

Fig. 1 Fig. 1: Swift/BAT light curve using a binning of 16 ms and observed in the range 15-350 keV. The red lines mark the start and end of the T90 interval.

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Searching for differences in Swift ’s intermediate GRBs
journal, December 2010


The Optical Flare and Afterglow Light Curve of GRB 050904 at Redshift z  = 6.29
journal, January 2006

  • Wei, D. M.; Yan, T.; Fan, Y. Z.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 636, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.1086/500259

The Observed Offset Distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts from Their Host Galaxies: A Robust Clue to the Nature of the Progenitors
journal, March 2002

  • Bloom, J. S.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Djorgovski, S. G.
  • The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 123, Issue 3
  • DOI: 10.1086/338893

Observations of the Naked-Eye grb 080319b: Implications of Nature'S Brightest Explosion
journal, January 2009


A complete reference of the analytical synchrotron external shock models of gamma-ray bursts
journal, December 2013


A study of the prompt and afterglow emission of the short GRB 061201
conference, January 2008

  • Stratta, G.; D'Avanzo, P.; Piranomonte, S.
  • GAMMA-RAY BURSTS 2007: Proceedings of the Santa Fe Conference, AIP Conference Proceedings
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.2943468

GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
other, January 2017

  • Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.
  • College Park : American Physical Society
  • DOI: 10.15488/4798

Different progenitors of short hard gamma-ray bursts
text, January 2007


Swift and Fermi observations of the early afterglow of the short Gamma-Ray Burst 090510
text, January 2009


A snapshot on galaxy evolution occurring in the Great Wall: the role of Nurture at z=0
text, January 2010


Accurate evolutions of inspiralling and magnetized neutron-stars: equal-mass binaries
text, January 2010


Ten per cent polarized optical emission from GRB 090102
text, January 2010


GRB 090426: Discovery of a jet break in a short burst afterglow
text, January 2011


Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift-Fermi Era
text, January 2013


A Comprehensive Radio View of the Extremely Bright Gamma-Ray Burst 130427A
text, January 2014


The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Relativistic Jets
text, January 2014


A detailed study of the optical attenuation of gamma-ray bursts in the Swift era
text, January 2014


Reverse Shock Emission in Gamma-ray Bursts Revisited
text, January 2015


Modeling the early multiwavelength emission in GRB130427A
text, January 2016


Statistical Distributions of Optical Flares from Gamma-Ray Bursts
text, January 2017


GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
text, January 2017


Was GRB 990123 a unique optical flash?
text, January 2001


Jet Breaks in Short Gamma-Ray Bursts. II: The Collimated Afterglow of GRB 051221A
text, January 2006


A New Population of High Redshift Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts
text, January 2006


The Progenitors of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
text, January 2007


Gamma-Ray Bursts as the Death Throes of Massive Binary Stars
text, January 1992


Counts and Colors of Faint Galaxies in the U and R Bands
text, January 1997


Spectra and Light Curves of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
text, January 1997


GRB990123, The Optical Flash and The Fireball Model
text, January 1999


Connection Between Energy-dependent Lags And Peak Luminosity In Gamma-ray Bursts
text, January 1999


Works referencing / citing this record:

Short GRB 160821B: A Reverse Shock, a Refreshed Shock, and a Well-sampled Kilonova
journal, September 2019


GRB 180620A: Evidence for Late-time Energy Injection
journal, December 2019

  • Becerra, R. L.; De Colle, F.; Watson, A. M.
  • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 2
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab5859

Short GRB 160821B: a reverse shock, a refreshed shock, and a well-sampled kilonova
text, January 2019


GRB 180620A: Evidence for late-time energy injection
text, January 2019


Search for very-high-energy photons from Gamma-ray bursts with HAWC
preprint, January 2019