Imaging the energy gap modulations of the cuprate pair-density-wave state
Abstract
The defining characteristic of Cooper pairs with finite center-of-mass momentum is a spatially modulating superconducting energy gap Δ(r). Recently, this concept has been generalized to the pair density wave (PDW) state predicted to exist in cuprates. Although the signature of a cuprate PDW has been detected in Cooperpair tunneling, the distinctive signature in single-electron tunneling of a periodic Δ(r) modulation has never been observed. Here, using a new approach, we discover strong Δ(r) modulations in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ that have eight-unit-cell periodicity or wavevectors Q ≈ (2π/a0)(1/8, 0) and Q ≈ (2π/a0)(0, 1/8). Simultaneous imaging of the localdensity- of-states N(r, E) reveals electronic modulations with wavevectors Q and 2Q, as anticipated when the PDW coexists with superconductivity. Finally, by visualizing the topological defects in these N(r, E) density waves at 2Q, we discover them to be concentrated in areas where the PDW spatial phase changes by !, as predicted by the theory of half-vortices in a PDW state. Overall, this is a compelling demonstration, from multiple single-electron signatures, of a PDW state coexisting with superconductivity in the canonical cuprate Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ.
- Authors:
-
[4];
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
- Seoul National Univ. (Korea, Republic of)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. College Cork (Ireland); Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1615773
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-213873-2020-JAAM
Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836; TRN: US2106381
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature (London)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Nature (London); Journal Volume: 580; Journal Issue: 7801; Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Citation Formats
Du, Zengyi, Li, Hui, Joo, Sang Hyun, Donoway, Elizabeth P., Lee, Jinho, Davis, J. C. Séamus, Gu, Genda, Johnson, Peter D., and Fujita, Kazuhiro. Imaging the energy gap modulations of the cuprate pair-density-wave state. United States: N. p., 2020.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2143-x.
Du, Zengyi, Li, Hui, Joo, Sang Hyun, Donoway, Elizabeth P., Lee, Jinho, Davis, J. C. Séamus, Gu, Genda, Johnson, Peter D., & Fujita, Kazuhiro. Imaging the energy gap modulations of the cuprate pair-density-wave state. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2143-x
Du, Zengyi, Li, Hui, Joo, Sang Hyun, Donoway, Elizabeth P., Lee, Jinho, Davis, J. C. Séamus, Gu, Genda, Johnson, Peter D., and Fujita, Kazuhiro. Wed .
"Imaging the energy gap modulations of the cuprate pair-density-wave state". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2143-x. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1615773.
@article{osti_1615773,
title = {Imaging the energy gap modulations of the cuprate pair-density-wave state},
author = {Du, Zengyi and Li, Hui and Joo, Sang Hyun and Donoway, Elizabeth P. and Lee, Jinho and Davis, J. C. Séamus and Gu, Genda and Johnson, Peter D. and Fujita, Kazuhiro},
abstractNote = {The defining characteristic of Cooper pairs with finite center-of-mass momentum is a spatially modulating superconducting energy gap Δ(r). Recently, this concept has been generalized to the pair density wave (PDW) state predicted to exist in cuprates. Although the signature of a cuprate PDW has been detected in Cooperpair tunneling, the distinctive signature in single-electron tunneling of a periodic Δ(r) modulation has never been observed. Here, using a new approach, we discover strong Δ(r) modulations in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ that have eight-unit-cell periodicity or wavevectors Q ≈ (2π/a0)(1/8, 0) and Q ≈ (2π/a0)(0, 1/8). Simultaneous imaging of the localdensity- of-states N(r, E) reveals electronic modulations with wavevectors Q and 2Q, as anticipated when the PDW coexists with superconductivity. Finally, by visualizing the topological defects in these N(r, E) density waves at 2Q, we discover them to be concentrated in areas where the PDW spatial phase changes by !, as predicted by the theory of half-vortices in a PDW state. Overall, this is a compelling demonstration, from multiple single-electron signatures, of a PDW state coexisting with superconductivity in the canonical cuprate Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ.},
doi = {10.1038/s41586-020-2143-x},
journal = {Nature (London)},
number = 7801,
volume = 580,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020},
month = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2020}
}
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