Quantifying the effect of forest age in annual net forest carbon balance
Abstract
Forests dominate carbon (C) exchanges between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere on land. In the long term, the net carbon flux between forests and the atmosphere has been significantly impacted by changes in forest cover area and structure due to ecological disturbances and management activities. Current empirical approaches for estimating net ecosystem productivity (NEP) rarely consider forest age as a predictor, which represents variation in physiological processes that can respond differently to environmental drivers, and regrowth following disturbance. Here, we conduct an observational synthesis to empirically determine to what extent climate, soil properties, nitrogen deposition, forest age and management influence the spatial and interannual variability of forest NEP across 126 forest eddy-covariance flux sites worldwide. The empirical models explained up to 62% and 71% of spatio-temporal and across-site variability of annual NEP, respectively. An investigation of model structures revealed that forest age was a dominant factor of NEP spatio-temporal variability in both space and time at the global scale as compared to abiotic factors, such as nutrient availability, soil characteristics and climate. These findings emphasize the importance of forest age in quantifying spatio-temporal variation in NEP using empirical approaches.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[5];
[8];
more »
- Max Planck Society, Jena (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry; Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands)
- Max Planck Society, Jena (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry; NOVA Univ. Lisbon (Portugal)
- McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON (Canada)
- Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
- Wageningen Univ. (Netherlands)
- Federal Inst. of Technology, Zurich (Switzerland)
- European Commission, Ispra (Italy). Joint Research Centre
- Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
- Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
- Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA (United States)
- Global Change Research Inst. CAS, Brno (Czech Republic)
- Max Planck Society, Jena (Germany). Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry
- Gottingen Univ. (Germany)
- Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra) (Netherlands)
- Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)
- Lund Univ. (Sweden)
- North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC (United States); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
- CIRAD, Dakar (Senegal); Montpellier Univ. (France)
- Karlsruhe Inst. of Technology (KIT) (Germany)
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow (Russian Federation)
- UCLouvain (Belgium)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1609582
- Grant/Contract Number:
- FG02-04ER63917; FG0204ER63911
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Research Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 13; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1748-9326
- Publisher:
- IOP Publishing
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Citation Formats
Besnard, Simon, Carvalhais, Nuno, Arain, M. Altaf, Black, Andrew, de Bruin, Sytze, Buchmann, Nina, Cescatti, Alessandro, Chen, Jiquan, Clevers, Jan G. P. W., Desai, Ankur R., Gough, Christopher M., Havrankova, Katerina, Herold, Martin, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Jung, Martin, Knohl, Alexander, Kruijt, Bart, Krupkova, Lenka, Law, Beverly E., Lindroth, Anders, Noormets, Asko, Roupsard, Olivier, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Varlagin, Andrej, Vincke, Caroline, and Reichstein, Markus. Quantifying the effect of forest age in annual net forest carbon balance. United States: N. p., 2018.
Web. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaeaeb.
Besnard, Simon, Carvalhais, Nuno, Arain, M. Altaf, Black, Andrew, de Bruin, Sytze, Buchmann, Nina, Cescatti, Alessandro, Chen, Jiquan, Clevers, Jan G. P. W., Desai, Ankur R., Gough, Christopher M., Havrankova, Katerina, Herold, Martin, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Jung, Martin, Knohl, Alexander, Kruijt, Bart, Krupkova, Lenka, Law, Beverly E., Lindroth, Anders, Noormets, Asko, Roupsard, Olivier, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Varlagin, Andrej, Vincke, Caroline, & Reichstein, Markus. Quantifying the effect of forest age in annual net forest carbon balance. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaeaeb
Besnard, Simon, Carvalhais, Nuno, Arain, M. Altaf, Black, Andrew, de Bruin, Sytze, Buchmann, Nina, Cescatti, Alessandro, Chen, Jiquan, Clevers, Jan G. P. W., Desai, Ankur R., Gough, Christopher M., Havrankova, Katerina, Herold, Martin, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Jung, Martin, Knohl, Alexander, Kruijt, Bart, Krupkova, Lenka, Law, Beverly E., Lindroth, Anders, Noormets, Asko, Roupsard, Olivier, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Varlagin, Andrej, Vincke, Caroline, and Reichstein, Markus. Fri .
"Quantifying the effect of forest age in annual net forest carbon balance". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaeaeb. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1609582.
@article{osti_1609582,
title = {Quantifying the effect of forest age in annual net forest carbon balance},
author = {Besnard, Simon and Carvalhais, Nuno and Arain, M. Altaf and Black, Andrew and de Bruin, Sytze and Buchmann, Nina and Cescatti, Alessandro and Chen, Jiquan and Clevers, Jan G. P. W. and Desai, Ankur R. and Gough, Christopher M. and Havrankova, Katerina and Herold, Martin and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Jung, Martin and Knohl, Alexander and Kruijt, Bart and Krupkova, Lenka and Law, Beverly E. and Lindroth, Anders and Noormets, Asko and Roupsard, Olivier and Steinbrecher, Rainer and Varlagin, Andrej and Vincke, Caroline and Reichstein, Markus},
abstractNote = {Forests dominate carbon (C) exchanges between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere on land. In the long term, the net carbon flux between forests and the atmosphere has been significantly impacted by changes in forest cover area and structure due to ecological disturbances and management activities. Current empirical approaches for estimating net ecosystem productivity (NEP) rarely consider forest age as a predictor, which represents variation in physiological processes that can respond differently to environmental drivers, and regrowth following disturbance. Here, we conduct an observational synthesis to empirically determine to what extent climate, soil properties, nitrogen deposition, forest age and management influence the spatial and interannual variability of forest NEP across 126 forest eddy-covariance flux sites worldwide. The empirical models explained up to 62% and 71% of spatio-temporal and across-site variability of annual NEP, respectively. An investigation of model structures revealed that forest age was a dominant factor of NEP spatio-temporal variability in both space and time at the global scale as compared to abiotic factors, such as nutrient availability, soil characteristics and climate. These findings emphasize the importance of forest age in quantifying spatio-temporal variation in NEP using empirical approaches.},
doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aaeaeb},
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
number = 12,
volume = 13,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Dec 07 00:00:00 EST 2018},
month = {Fri Dec 07 00:00:00 EST 2018}
}
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