Large-eddy simulation study on cycle-to-cycle variation of knocking combustion in a spark-ignition engine

Chen, Ceyuan; Pal, Pinaki; Ameen, Muhsin; Feng, Dengquan; Wei, Haiqiao

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114447

Title: Large-eddy simulation study on cycle-to-cycle variation of knocking combustion in a spark-ignition engine

Abstract

The cycle-to-cycle variation in the knock intensity is commonly encountered under abnormal combustion conditions. The severity of these abnormal combustion events can vary significantly, and the efficiency of engines at high loads is limited in practice by heavy knocking phenomena. Since, a thorough analysis of such recurrent but non-cyclic phenomena via experiments alone becomes highly cumbersome, in the present work, a multi-cycle large-eddy simulation study was performed to quantitatively predict cyclic variability in the combustion process and cyclic knock intensity variability in a direct injection spark-ignition engine. To account for the turbulence-chemistry interaction effects on flame propagation, the G-equation combustion model was used. Detailed chemistry was solved outside the flame front with a toluene primary reference fuel skeletal kinetic mechanism. For both the mild knock and heavy knock conditions, the numerical results were validated against experimental measurements. Based on the simulation results, a correlation analysis was performed considering combustion phasing, peak cylinder pressure and maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation. Furthermore, a detailed three-dimensional spatial analysis illustrated the evolution of auto-ignition kernel development and propagation of pressure waves during knocking combustion for three typical cycles with different knock intensities. In this process, it was found that an early occurrence of auto-ignitionmore »« less

Authors:

Chen, Ceyuan ^[1];

^[2]; Ameen, Muhsin ^[2]; Feng, Dengquan ^[2];

^[1]

Tianjin Univ. (China). State Key Lab. of Engines
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2020

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1599164

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1703587

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Applied Energy

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 261; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0306-2619

Publisher:: Elsevier

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING; auto-ignition; cycle-to-cycle variation; engine knock; large-eddy simulation; pressure oscillation

Citation Formats


                    Chen, Ceyuan, Pal, Pinaki, Ameen, Muhsin, Feng, Dengquan, and Wei, Haiqiao. Large-eddy simulation study on cycle-to-cycle variation of knocking combustion in a spark-ignition engine.  United States: N. p., 2020. 
Web.  doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114447.

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                    Chen, Ceyuan, Pal, Pinaki, Ameen, Muhsin, Feng, Dengquan, & Wei, Haiqiao. Large-eddy simulation study on cycle-to-cycle variation of knocking combustion in a spark-ignition engine.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114447

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                    Chen, Ceyuan, Pal, Pinaki, Ameen, Muhsin, Feng, Dengquan, and Wei, Haiqiao. Tue .  
"Large-eddy simulation study on cycle-to-cycle variation of knocking combustion in a spark-ignition engine".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114447.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1599164.

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@article{osti_1599164,

  title        = {Large-eddy simulation study on cycle-to-cycle variation of knocking combustion in a spark-ignition engine},

  author       = {Chen, Ceyuan and Pal, Pinaki and Ameen, Muhsin and Feng, Dengquan and Wei, Haiqiao},

  abstractNote = {The cycle-to-cycle variation in the knock intensity is commonly encountered under abnormal combustion conditions. The severity of these abnormal combustion events can vary significantly, and the efficiency of engines at high loads is limited in practice by heavy knocking phenomena. Since, a thorough analysis of such recurrent but non-cyclic phenomena via experiments alone becomes highly cumbersome, in the present work, a multi-cycle large-eddy simulation study was performed to quantitatively predict cyclic variability in the combustion process and cyclic knock intensity variability in a direct injection spark-ignition engine. To account for the turbulence-chemistry interaction effects on flame propagation, the G-equation combustion model was used. Detailed chemistry was solved outside the flame front with a toluene primary reference fuel skeletal kinetic mechanism. For both the mild knock and heavy knock conditions, the numerical results were validated against experimental measurements. Based on the simulation results, a correlation analysis was performed considering combustion phasing, peak cylinder pressure and maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation. Furthermore, a detailed three-dimensional spatial analysis illustrated the evolution of auto-ignition kernel development and propagation of pressure waves during knocking combustion for three typical cycles with different knock intensities. In this process, it was found that an early occurrence of auto-ignition in the end gas was prone to high knock intensity. Although multiple auto-ignition kernels were observed in different cycles, the degree of coupling between chemical heat release and pressure waves varied, thereby leading to different maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation values.},

  doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114447},

  journal      = {Applied Energy},

  number       = C,

  volume       = 261,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2020},

  month        = {Tue Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2020}

}

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Title: Large-eddy simulation study on cycle-to-cycle variation of knocking combustion in a spark-ignition engine

Abstract

Citation Formats

Developments in internal combustion engines and implications for combustion science and future transport fuels journal, January 2015

Future transportation fuels journal, November 2018

Performance optimization of a spark-ignition turbocharged VVA engine under knock limited operation journal, February 2016

Experimental study on combustion characteristics and emission performance of 2-phenylethanol addition in a downsized gasoline engine journal, November 2018

The engine knock analysis – An overview journal, April 2012

Analysis of pre-ignition to super-knock: Hotspot-induced deflagration to detonation journal, March 2015

The competing chemical and physical effects of transient fuel enrichment on heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine journal, October 2016

Effect of turbulent mixing on the end gas auto-ignition of n-heptane/air mixtures under IC engine-relevant conditions journal, December 2016

Regime classification of an exothermic reaction with nonuniform initial conditions journal, October 1980

Modes of reaction front propagation from hot spots journal, April 2003

Computational characterization of ignition regimes in a syngas/air mixture with temperature fluctuations journal, January 2017

A Regime Diagram for Autoignition of Homogeneous Reactant Mixtures with Turbulent Velocity and Temperature Fluctuations journal, February 2015

Characteristics of Syngas Auto-ignition at High Pressure and Low Temperature Conditions with Thermal Inhomogeneities journal, January 2015

Numerical experiments on reaction front propagation in n-heptane/air mixture with temperature gradient journal, January 2015

Mechanisms of strong pressure wave generation in end-gas autoignition during knocking combustion journal, May 2015

Pressure wave evolution during two hotspots autoignition within end-gas region under internal combustion engine-relevant conditions journal, March 2018

Direct numerical simulations of ignition of a lean n-heptane/air mixture with temperature inhomogeneities at constant volume: Parametric study journal, September 2011

A DNS study of ignition characteristics of a lean iso-octane/air mixture under HCCI and SACI conditions journal, January 2013

Modeling Knock in Spark-Ignition Engines Using a G-equation Combustion Model Incorporating Detailed Chemical Kinetics conference, April 2007

Multidimensional Numerical Simulations of Knocking Combustion in a Cooperative Fuel Research Engine journal, May 2018

Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis journal, February 2018

Numerical Investigation of a Central Fuel Property Hypothesis Under Boosted Spark-Ignition Conditions conference, December 2019

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Numerical Prediction of Cyclic Variability in a Spark Ignition Engine Using a Parallel Large Eddy Simulation Approach journal, March 2018

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Developments in internal combustion engines and implications for combustion science and future transport fuels
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Performance optimization of a spark-ignition turbocharged VVA engine under knock limited operation
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Experimental study on combustion characteristics and emission performance of 2-phenylethanol addition in a downsized gasoline engine
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The engine knock analysis – An overview
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Analysis of pre-ignition to super-knock: Hotspot-induced deflagration to detonation
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The competing chemical and physical effects of transient fuel enrichment on heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine
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Effect of turbulent mixing on the end gas auto-ignition of n-heptane/air mixtures under IC engine-relevant conditions
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Regime classification of an exothermic reaction with nonuniform initial conditions
journal, October 1980

Modes of reaction front propagation from hot spots
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Computational characterization of ignition regimes in a syngas/air mixture with temperature fluctuations
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A Regime Diagram for Autoignition of Homogeneous Reactant Mixtures with Turbulent Velocity and Temperature Fluctuations
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Characteristics of Syngas Auto-ignition at High Pressure and Low Temperature Conditions with Thermal Inhomogeneities
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Numerical experiments on reaction front propagation in n-heptane/air mixture with temperature gradient
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Mechanisms of strong pressure wave generation in end-gas autoignition during knocking combustion
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Pressure wave evolution during two hotspots autoignition within end-gas region under internal combustion engine-relevant conditions
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Direct numerical simulations of ignition of a lean n-heptane/air mixture with temperature inhomogeneities at constant volume: Parametric study
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Modeling Knock in Spark-Ignition Engines Using a G-equation Combustion Model Incorporating Detailed Chemical Kinetics
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Multidimensional Numerical Simulations of Knocking Combustion in a Cooperative Fuel Research Engine
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Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis
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Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics engine knock prediction and evaluation based on detailed chemistry and detonation theory
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Numerical Prediction of Cyclic Variability in a Spark Ignition Engine Using a Parallel Large Eddy Simulation Approach
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journal, January 2015

Multi-Cycle LES Simulations of Flow and Combustion in a PFI SI 4-Valve Production Engine
conference, April 2007

Detailed chemistry-based auto-ignition model including low temperature phenomena applied to 3-D engine calculations
journal, January 2005

LES analysis for auto-ignition induced abnormal combustion based on a downsized SI engine
journal, April 2017

Large-eddy simulation analysis of knock in a direct injection spark ignition engine
journal, December 2018

Coupled Fluid-Solid Simulation for the Prediction of Gas-Exposed Surface Temperature Distribution in a SI Engine
conference, April 2017

A New Droplet Collision Algorithm
journal, October 2000

Assessment of flamelet versus multi-zone combustion modeling approaches for stratified-charge compression ignition engines
journal, February 2015

LES Analysis on Cycle-to-Cycle Variation of Combustion Process in a DISI Engine
conference, January 2019

Dynamic structure subgrid-scale models for large eddy simulation
journal, January 2005