Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures
Abstract
With the discovery of superconductivity at 203 kelvin in H3S, attention returned to conventional superconductors with properties that can be described by the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer and the Migdal–Eliashberg theories. Although these theories predict the possibility of room-temperature superconductivity in metals that have certain favourable properties—such as lattice vibrations at high frequencies—they are not sufficient to guide the design or predict the properties of new superconducting materials. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory have enabled such predictions, and have suggested a new family of superconducting hydrides that possess a clathrate-like structure in which the host atom (calcium, yttrium, lanthanum) is at the centre of a cage formed by hydrogen atoms. For LaH10 and YH10, the onset of superconductivity is predicted to occur at critical temperatures between 240 and 320 kelvin at megabar pressures. In this work, we report superconductivity with a critical temperature of around 250 kelvin within the Fm$$\bar{3}$$m structure of LaH10 at a pressure of about 170 gigapascals. This is, to our knowledge, the highest critical temperature that has been confirmed so far in a superconducting material. Superconductivity was evidenced by the observation of zero resistance, an isotope effect, and a decrease in critical temperature under an external magnetic field, which suggested an upper critical magnetic field of about 136 tesla at zero temperature. Lastly, the increase of around 50 kelvin compared with the previous highest critical temperature is an encouraging step towards the goal of achieving room-temperature superconductivity in the near future.
- Authors:
-
- Max-Planck Institut für Chemie, Mainz (Germany)
- Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). National High Magnetic Field Lab. (MagLab)
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
- Inst. of Physical Chemistry PAS, Warsaw (Poland)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1594454
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1770106
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-19-21534
Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836; TRN: US2101806
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0002613; FG02-94ER14466; AC02-06CH11357; DMR-1644779; EAR-1634415; 89233218CNA000001
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature (London)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Nature (London); Journal Volume: 569; Journal Issue: 7757; Journal ID: ISSN 0028-0836
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; High Magnetic Field Science
Citation Formats
Drozdov, A. P., Kong, P. P., Minkov, V. S., Besedin, S. P., Kuzovnikov, M. A., Mozaffari, S., Balicas, L., Balakirev, F. F., Graf, D. E., Prakapenka, V. B., Greenberg, E., Knyazev, D. A., Tkacz, M., and Eremets, M. I. Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1201-8.
Drozdov, A. P., Kong, P. P., Minkov, V. S., Besedin, S. P., Kuzovnikov, M. A., Mozaffari, S., Balicas, L., Balakirev, F. F., Graf, D. E., Prakapenka, V. B., Greenberg, E., Knyazev, D. A., Tkacz, M., & Eremets, M. I. Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1201-8
Drozdov, A. P., Kong, P. P., Minkov, V. S., Besedin, S. P., Kuzovnikov, M. A., Mozaffari, S., Balicas, L., Balakirev, F. F., Graf, D. E., Prakapenka, V. B., Greenberg, E., Knyazev, D. A., Tkacz, M., and Eremets, M. I. Wed .
"Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1201-8. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1594454.
@article{osti_1594454,
title = {Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures},
author = {Drozdov, A. P. and Kong, P. P. and Minkov, V. S. and Besedin, S. P. and Kuzovnikov, M. A. and Mozaffari, S. and Balicas, L. and Balakirev, F. F. and Graf, D. E. and Prakapenka, V. B. and Greenberg, E. and Knyazev, D. A. and Tkacz, M. and Eremets, M. I.},
abstractNote = {With the discovery of superconductivity at 203 kelvin in H3S, attention returned to conventional superconductors with properties that can be described by the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer and the Migdal–Eliashberg theories. Although these theories predict the possibility of room-temperature superconductivity in metals that have certain favourable properties—such as lattice vibrations at high frequencies—they are not sufficient to guide the design or predict the properties of new superconducting materials. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory have enabled such predictions, and have suggested a new family of superconducting hydrides that possess a clathrate-like structure in which the host atom (calcium, yttrium, lanthanum) is at the centre of a cage formed by hydrogen atoms. For LaH10 and YH10, the onset of superconductivity is predicted to occur at critical temperatures between 240 and 320 kelvin at megabar pressures. In this work, we report superconductivity with a critical temperature of around 250 kelvin within the Fm$\bar{3}$m structure of LaH10 at a pressure of about 170 gigapascals. This is, to our knowledge, the highest critical temperature that has been confirmed so far in a superconducting material. Superconductivity was evidenced by the observation of zero resistance, an isotope effect, and a decrease in critical temperature under an external magnetic field, which suggested an upper critical magnetic field of about 136 tesla at zero temperature. Lastly, the increase of around 50 kelvin compared with the previous highest critical temperature is an encouraging step towards the goal of achieving room-temperature superconductivity in the near future.},
doi = {10.1038/s41586-019-1201-8},
journal = {Nature (London)},
number = 7757,
volume = 569,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed May 22 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Wed May 22 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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