Predictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules in secondary organic aerosols using the Stokes–Einstein and fractional Stokes–Einstein relations
Abstract
Information on the rate of diffusion of organic molecules within secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is needed to accurately predict the effects of SOA on climate and air quality. Diffusion can be important for predicting the growth, evaporation, and reaction rates of SOA under certain atmospheric conditions. Often, researchers have predicted diffusion rates of organic molecules within SOA using measurements of viscosity and the Stokes–Einstein relation ($D∝1/η$, where D is the diffusion coefficient and η is viscosity). However, the accuracy of this relation for predicting diffusion in SOA remains uncertain. Using rectangular area fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (rFRAP), we determined diffusion coefficients of fluorescent organic molecules over 8 orders in magnitude in proxies of SOA including citric acid, sorbitol,and a sucrose–citric acid mixture. These results were combined with literature data to evaluate the Stokes–Einstein relation for predicting the diffusion of organic molecules in SOA. Although almost all the data agree with the Stokes–Einstein relation within a factor of 10, a fractional Stokes–Einstein relation ($D∝1/η^ξ$) with ξ=0.93 is a better model for predicting the diffusion of organic molecules in the SOA proxies studied. In addition, based on the output from a chemical transport model, the Stokes–Einstein relation can overpredict mixing times of organic moleculesmore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
[2];
[6];
[7];
[1]
- Univ. of Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
- Univ. of Bristol (United Kingdom); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
- Max Planck Inst. for Chemistry, Mainz (Germany); National Observatory of Athens, Palea Penteli (Greece)
- Max Planck Inst. for Chemistry, Mainz (Germany); Forschungszentrum Jülich (Germany)
- Max Planck Inst. for Chemistry, Mainz (Germany); The Cyprus Inst., Nicosia (Cyprus)
- Univ. of Bristol (United Kingdom)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1581748
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 19; Journal Issue: 15; Journal ID: ISSN 1680-7324
- Publisher:
- European Geosciences Union
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Citation Formats
Evoy, Erin, Maclean, Adrian M., Rovelli, Grazia, Li, Ying, Tsimpidi, Alexandra P., Karydis, Vlassis A., Kamal, Saeid, Lelieveld, Jos, Shiraiwa, Manabu, Reid, Jonathan P., and Bertram, Allan K. Predictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules in secondary organic aerosols using the Stokes–Einstein and fractional Stokes–Einstein relations. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.5194/acp-19-10073-2019.
Evoy, Erin, Maclean, Adrian M., Rovelli, Grazia, Li, Ying, Tsimpidi, Alexandra P., Karydis, Vlassis A., Kamal, Saeid, Lelieveld, Jos, Shiraiwa, Manabu, Reid, Jonathan P., & Bertram, Allan K. Predictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules in secondary organic aerosols using the Stokes–Einstein and fractional Stokes–Einstein relations. United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10073-2019
Evoy, Erin, Maclean, Adrian M., Rovelli, Grazia, Li, Ying, Tsimpidi, Alexandra P., Karydis, Vlassis A., Kamal, Saeid, Lelieveld, Jos, Shiraiwa, Manabu, Reid, Jonathan P., and Bertram, Allan K. Fri .
"Predictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules in secondary organic aerosols using the Stokes–Einstein and fractional Stokes–Einstein relations". United States. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10073-2019. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1581748.
@article{osti_1581748,
title = {Predictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules in secondary organic aerosols using the Stokes–Einstein and fractional Stokes–Einstein relations},
author = {Evoy, Erin and Maclean, Adrian M. and Rovelli, Grazia and Li, Ying and Tsimpidi, Alexandra P. and Karydis, Vlassis A. and Kamal, Saeid and Lelieveld, Jos and Shiraiwa, Manabu and Reid, Jonathan P. and Bertram, Allan K.},
abstractNote = {Information on the rate of diffusion of organic molecules within secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is needed to accurately predict the effects of SOA on climate and air quality. Diffusion can be important for predicting the growth, evaporation, and reaction rates of SOA under certain atmospheric conditions. Often, researchers have predicted diffusion rates of organic molecules within SOA using measurements of viscosity and the Stokes–Einstein relation ($D∝1/η$, where D is the diffusion coefficient and η is viscosity). However, the accuracy of this relation for predicting diffusion in SOA remains uncertain. Using rectangular area fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (rFRAP), we determined diffusion coefficients of fluorescent organic molecules over 8 orders in magnitude in proxies of SOA including citric acid, sorbitol,and a sucrose–citric acid mixture. These results were combined with literature data to evaluate the Stokes–Einstein relation for predicting the diffusion of organic molecules in SOA. Although almost all the data agree with the Stokes–Einstein relation within a factor of 10, a fractional Stokes–Einstein relation ($D∝1/η^ξ$) with ξ=0.93 is a better model for predicting the diffusion of organic molecules in the SOA proxies studied. In addition, based on the output from a chemical transport model, the Stokes–Einstein relation can overpredict mixing times of organic molecules within SOA by as much as 1 order of magnitude at an altitude of ~3 km compared to the fractional Stokes–Einstein relation with ξ=0.93. These results also have implications for other areas such as in food sciences and the preservation of biomolecules.},
doi = {10.5194/acp-19-10073-2019},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Online)},
number = 15,
volume = 19,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 09 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Fri Aug 09 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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Works referencing / citing this record:
Effect of Bulk Composition on the Heterogeneous Oxidation of Semi-Solid Atmospheric Aerosols
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Liquid–liquid phase separation and viscosity within secondary organic aerosol generated from diesel fuel vapors
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Predicting secondary organic aerosol phase state and viscosity and its effect on multiphase chemistry in a regional-scale air quality model
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