Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO2

Bordelon, Mitchell M.; Kenney, Eric; Liu, Chunxiao; Hogan, Tom; Posthuma, Lorenzo; Kavand, Marzieh; Lyu, Yuanqi; Sherwin, Mark; Butch, N. P.; Brown, Craig; Graf, M. J.; Balents, Leon; Wilson, Stephen D.

doi:10.1038/s41567-019-0594-5

Title: Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO₂

Abstract

Antiferromagnetically coupled S=1/2 spins on an isotropic triangular lattice is the paradigm of frustrated quantum magnetism, but structurally ideal realizations are rare. In this work, we investigate NaYbO₂, which hosts an ideal triangular lattice of J_eff=1/2 moments with no inherent site disorder. No signatures of conventional magnetic order appear down to 50 mK, strongly suggesting a quantum spin liquid ground state. We observe a two-peak specific heat and a nearly quadratic temperature dependence in accord with expectations for a two-dimensional Dirac spin liquid. Application of a magnetic field strongly perturbs the quantum disordered ground state and induces a clear transition into a collinear ordered state consistent with a long-predicted “up-up-down” structure for a triangular lattice XXZ Hamiltonian driven by quantum fluctuations. Moreover, the observation of spin liquid signatures in zero field and quantum-induced ordering in intermediate fields in the same compound demonstrate an intrinsically quantum disordered ground state. We conclude that NaYbO₂ is a model, versatile platform for exploring spin liquid physics with full tunability of field and temperature.

Authors:

^[1]; Kenney, Eric ^[2]; Liu, Chunxiao ^[3]; Hogan, Tom ^[4]; Posthuma, Lorenzo ^[1]; Kavand, Marzieh ^[5]; Lyu, Yuanqi ^[5]; Sherwin, Mark ^[5]; Butch, N. P. ^[6];

^[7];

^[2]; Balents, Leon ^[8];

^[1]

Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Materials Dept.
Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Quantum Design, Inc., San Diego, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Center for Terahertz Science and Technology
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). Center for Neutron Research
National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States). Center for Neutron Research; Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Kavli Inst. for Theoretical Physics

Publication Date:: Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI Identifier:: 1574464

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0017752; FG02-08ER46524

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Nature Physics

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 15; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; quantum spin liquid; neutron scattering; oxides; magnetism

Citation Formats


                    Bordelon, Mitchell M., Kenney, Eric, Liu, Chunxiao, Hogan, Tom, Posthuma, Lorenzo, Kavand, Marzieh, Lyu, Yuanqi, Sherwin, Mark, Butch, N. P., Brown, Craig, Graf, M. J., Balents, Leon, and Wilson, Stephen D. Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO2.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1038/s41567-019-0594-5.

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                    Bordelon, Mitchell M., Kenney, Eric, Liu, Chunxiao, Hogan, Tom, Posthuma, Lorenzo, Kavand, Marzieh, Lyu, Yuanqi, Sherwin, Mark, Butch, N. P., Brown, Craig, Graf, M. J., Balents, Leon, & Wilson, Stephen D. Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO2.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0594-5

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                    Bordelon, Mitchell M., Kenney, Eric, Liu, Chunxiao, Hogan, Tom, Posthuma, Lorenzo, Kavand, Marzieh, Lyu, Yuanqi, Sherwin, Mark, Butch, N. P., Brown, Craig, Graf, M. J., Balents, Leon, and Wilson, Stephen D. Mon .  
"Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO2".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0594-5.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1574464.

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@article{osti_1574464,

  title        = {Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO2},

  author       = {Bordelon, Mitchell M. and Kenney, Eric and Liu, Chunxiao and Hogan, Tom and Posthuma, Lorenzo and Kavand, Marzieh and Lyu, Yuanqi and Sherwin, Mark and Butch, N. P. and Brown, Craig and Graf, M. J. and Balents, Leon and Wilson, Stephen D.},

  abstractNote = {Antiferromagnetically coupled S=1/2 spins on an isotropic triangular lattice is the paradigm of frustrated quantum magnetism, but structurally ideal realizations are rare. In this work, we investigate NaYbO2, which hosts an ideal triangular lattice of Jeff=1/2 moments with no inherent site disorder. No signatures of conventional magnetic order appear down to 50 mK, strongly suggesting a quantum spin liquid ground state. We observe a two-peak specific heat and a nearly quadratic temperature dependence in accord with expectations for a two-dimensional Dirac spin liquid. Application of a magnetic field strongly perturbs the quantum disordered ground state and induces a clear transition into a collinear ordered state consistent with a long-predicted “up-up-down” structure for a triangular lattice XXZ Hamiltonian driven by quantum fluctuations. Moreover, the observation of spin liquid signatures in zero field and quantum-induced ordering in intermediate fields in the same compound demonstrate an intrinsically quantum disordered ground state. We conclude that NaYbO2 is a model, versatile platform for exploring spin liquid physics with full tunability of field and temperature.},

  doi          = {10.1038/s41567-019-0594-5},

  journal      = {Nature Physics},

  number       = 10,

  volume       = 15,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Mon Jul 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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Figure 1: Crystal structure and magnetic (H,T) phase diagram of NaYbO₂. a) Refined NaYbO₂ structure (1.6 K, R-3m) contains equilateral triangular layers of D_3d YbO₆ distorted octahedra separated by 3.346 Å. Na cations refine to full occupation, creating a uniform chemical environment surrounding the triangular layers. b) Low-temperature phase boundarymore »

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Spin liquid state in the disordered triangular lattice Sc₂Ga₂CuO₇ revealed by NMR

Journal Article Khuntia, P. ; Kumar, R. ; Mahajan, A. V. ; ... - Physical Review B

We present microscopic magnetic properties of a two-dimensional triangular lattice Sc₂Ga₂CuO₇, consisting of single and double triangular Cu planes. An antiferromagnetic (AFM) exchange interaction J/k_B ≈ 35 K between Cu²⁺ (S = 1/2) spins in the triangular biplane is obtained from the analysis of intrinsic magnetic susceptibility data. The intrinsic magnetic susceptibility, extracted from ⁷¹Ga NMR shift data, displays the presence of AFM short range spin correlations and remains finite down to 50 mK, suggesting a nonsinglet ground state. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T₁) reveals a slowing down of Cu²⁺ spin fluctuations with decreasing T down to 100 mK.more »« less
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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.140408

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Title: Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO2

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Title: Field-tunable quantum disordered ground state in the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet NaYbO₂

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journal, March 2012

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journal, October 2018

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journal, March 2010

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journal, February 2016

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journal, April 2019

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journal, May 2018

Spin-Glass Ground State in a Triangular-Lattice Compound ${YbZnGaO}_{4}$
journal, February 2018

Magnetic pyrochlore oxides
journal, January 2010

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journal, September 1994

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journal, March 2018

Disorder-Induced Mimicry of a Spin Liquid in ${YbMgGaO}_{4}$
journal, October 2017

Numerical studies of antiferromagnetism on a Kagomé net
journal, November 1990

EXPGUI , a graphical user interface for GSAS
journal, April 2001

Correlated Quantum Phenomena in the Strong Spin-Orbit Regime
journal, March 2014

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journal, July 2016

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journal, December 2018

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journal, November 2016

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journal, December 2016

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journal, January 1998

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journal, March 2007

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journal, November 2015

Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction
journal, October 1993

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journal, April 2017

Continuous excitations of the triangular-lattice quantum spin liquid YbMgGaO4
journal, December 2016

Rare-Earth Triangular Lattice Spin Liquid: A Single-Crystal Study of ${YbMgGaO}_{4}$
journal, October 2015

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journal, August 2011

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journal, October 2007

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journal, March 2008

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journal, April 2006

The rhombohedral Heisenberg antiferromagnet: infinite degeneracy of the ground state and magnetic properties of solid oxygen
journal, July 1986

Resonating valence bonds: A new kind of insulator?
journal, February 1973

Experimental Realization of a Spin- $1 / 2$ Triangular-Lattice Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
journal, January 2012

Absence of Magnetic Thermal Conductivity in the Quantum Spin-Liquid Candidate ${YbMgGaO}_{4}$
journal, December 2016

Triangular Antiferromagnet with Nonmagnetic Impurities
journal, December 2013

EasySpin, a comprehensive software package for spectral simulation and analysis in EPR
journal, January 2006

Muon Spin Relaxation Evidence for the U(1) Quantum Spin-Liquid Ground State in the Triangular Antiferromagnet ${YbMgGaO}_{4}$
journal, August 2016

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journal, October 2008

Magnetic properties of ternary sodium oxides NaLnO2 (Ln=rare earths)
journal, November 2003

Specific heat of quantum Heisenberg model on a triangular lattice with two exchange parameters and its application to ${}^{3}{He}$ adsorbed on graphite
journal, June 1992

The Resonating Valence Bond State in La2CuO4 and Superconductivity
journal, March 1987

An End to the Drought of Quantum Spin Liquids
journal, September 2008

Spin Liquid versus Spin Orbit Coupling on the Triangular Lattice
journal, January 2018

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journal, March 2007

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journal, April 2015

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journal, February 2017

Crystalline Electric-Field Randomness in the Triangular Lattice Spin-Liquid ${YbMgGaO}_{4}$
journal, March 2017

Mermin-Wagner physics, $(H, T)$ phase diagram, and candidate quantum spin-liquid phase in the spin- $\frac{1}{2}$ triangular-lattice antiferromagnet ${Ba}_{8} {CoNb}_{6} O_{24}$
journal, April 2018

U(1) Gauge Theory of the Hubbard Model: Spin Liquid States and Possible Application to $κ − (BEDT − TTF)_{2} {Cu}_{2} (CN)_{3}$
journal, July 2005

Dimer phases in quantum antiferromagnets with orbital degeneracy
text, January 2007

Correlated quantum phenomena in the strong spin-orbit regime
text, January 2013

Quantum Spin Liquid States
text, January 2016

Continuous excitations of the triangular-lattice quantum spin liquid YbMgGaO4
text, January 2016

The effect of spin-orbit coupling on the effective-spin correlation in YbMgGaO4
text, January 2016

Spin Liquid versus Spin Orbit Coupling on the Triangular Lattice
text, January 2017

Coherent Behavior and Nonmagnetic Impurity Effects of the Spin Disordered State in NiGa$_2$S$_4$
text, January 2005

Spin-1/2 Heisenberg-Antiferromagnet on the Kagome Lattice: High Temperature Expansion and Exact Diagonalisation Studies
text, January 1994

Magnetic properties of ternary sodium oxides NaLnO2 (Ln=rare earths)
journal, November 2003

Valence Bonds in Random Quantum Magnets: Theory and Application to YbMgGaO4
text, January 2017

YbMgGaO ₄ : A Triangular‐Lattice Quantum Spin Liquid Candidate
journal, October 2019

Field-induced magnetic transition and spin fluctuations in the quantum spin-liquid candidate ${CsYbSe}_{2}$
journal, December 2019

Anisotropic field-induced ordering in the triangular-lattice quantum spin liquid ${NaYbSe}_{2}$
journal, December 2019

Quantum spin liquid ground state in the disorder free triangular lattice ${NaYbS}_{2}$
journal, December 2019

Dirac Spin Liquid on the Spin- $1 / 2$ Triangular Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
journal, November 2019

Synthesis, magnetization, and heat capacity of triangular lattice materials ${NaErSe}_{2}$ and ${KErSe}_{2}$
journal, November 2019

Quantum spin liquids
journal, January 2020

Frustrated Magnetism in Triangular Lattice TlYbS2 Crystals Grown via Molten Flux
journal, February 2020

Quantum Spin Liquids
text, January 2019

Frustrated Magnetism in Triangular Lattice TlYbS$_2$ Crystals Grown via Molten Flux
text, January 2020