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Title: Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

Abstract

The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is essential to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic ray proton fluxes with kinetic energies from 40 GeV to 100 TeV, with 21/2 years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE). This is the first time that an experiment directly measures the cosmic ray protons up to ~100 TeV with high statistics. The measured spectrum validates the spectral hardening at ~300 GeV found by previous experiments and reveals a softening at ~13.6 TeV, with the spectral index changing from ~2.60 to ~2.85. Our result implies the existence of a new spectral feature of cosmic rays at energies lower than the so-called knee and sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Contributing Org.:
DAMPE Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1572843
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Science Advances
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 9; Related Information: Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC); Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548
Publisher:
AAAS
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Citation Formats

An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, H. T., D’Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Di Santo, M., Ding, M., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D’Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Guo, X. L., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wen, S. C., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., and Zimmer, S. Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite. United States: N. p., 2019. Web. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax3793.
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An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, H. T., D’Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Di Santo, M., Ding, M., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D’Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Guo, X. L., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wen, S. C., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., & Zimmer, S. Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax3793
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An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, H. T., D’Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Di Santo, M., Ding, M., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D’Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Guo, X. L., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wen, S. C., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., and Zimmer, S. Tue . "Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax3793. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1572843.
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@article{osti_1572843,
title = {Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite},
author = {An, Q. and Asfandiyarov, R. and Azzarello, P. and Bernardini, P. and Bi, X. J. and Cai, M. S. and Chang, J. and Chen, D. Y. and Chen, H. F. and Chen, J. L. and Chen, W. and Cui, M. Y. and Cui, T. S. and Dai, H. T. and D’Amone, A. and De Benedittis, A. and De Mitri, I. and Di Santo, M. and Ding, M. and Dong, T. K. and Dong, Y. F. and Dong, Z. X. and Donvito, G. and Droz, D. and Duan, J. L. and Duan, K. K. and D’Urso, D. and Fan, R. R. and Fan, Y. Z. and Fang, F. and Feng, C. Q. and Feng, L. and Fusco, P. and Gallo, V. and Gan, F. J. and Gao, M. and Gargano, F. and Gong, K. and Gong, Y. Z. and Guo, D. Y. and Guo, J. H. and Guo, X. L. and Han, S. X. and Hu, Y. M. and Huang, G. S. and Huang, X. Y. and Huang, Y. Y. and Ionica, M. and Jiang, W. and Jin, X. and Kong, J. and Lei, S. J. and Li, S. and Li, W. L. and Li, X. and Li, X. Q. and Li, Y. and Liang, Y. F. and Liang, Y. M. and Liao, N. H. and Liu, C. M. and Liu, H. and Liu, J. and Liu, S. B. and Liu, W. Q. and Liu, Y. and Loparco, F. and Luo, C. N. and Ma, M. and Ma, P. X. and Ma, S. Y. and Ma, T. and Ma, X. Y. and Marsella, G. and Mazziotta, M. N. and Mo, D. and Niu, X. Y. and Pan, X. and Peng, W. X. and Peng, X. Y. and Qiao, R. and Rao, J. N. and Salinas, M. M. and Shang, G. Z. and Shen, W. H. and Shen, Z. Q. and Shen, Z. T. and Song, J. X. and Su, H. and Su, M. and Sun, Z. Y. and Surdo, A. and Teng, X. J. and Tykhonov, A. and Vitillo, S. and Wang, C. and Wang, H. and Wang, H. Y. and Wang, J. Z. and Wang, L. G. and Wang, Q. and Wang, S. and Wang, X. H. and Wang, X. L. and Wang, Y. F. and Wang, Y. P. and Wang, Y. Z. and Wang, Z. M. and Wei, D. M. and Wei, J. J. and Wei, Y. F. and Wen, S. C. and Wu, D. and Wu, J. and Wu, L. B. and Wu, S. S. and Wu, X. and Xi, K. and Xia, Z. Q. and Xu, H. T. and Xu, Z. H. and Xu, Z. L. and Xu, Z. Z. and Xue, G. F. and Yang, H. B. and Yang, P. and Yang, Y. Q. and Yang, Z. L. and Yao, H. J. and Yu, Y. H. and Yuan, Q. and Yue, C. and Zang, J. J. and Zhang, F. and Zhang, J. Y. and Zhang, J. Z. and Zhang, P. F. and Zhang, S. X. and Zhang, W. Z. and Zhang, Y. and Zhang, Y. J. and Zhang, Y. L. and Zhang, Y. P. and Zhang, Y. Q. and Zhang, Z. and Zhang, Z. Y. and Zhao, H. and Zhao, H. Y. and Zhao, X. F. and Zhou, C. Y. and Zhou, Y. and Zhu, X. and Zhu, Y. and Zimmer, S.},
abstractNote = {The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is essential to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic ray proton fluxes with kinetic energies from 40 GeV to 100 TeV, with 21/2 years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE). This is the first time that an experiment directly measures the cosmic ray protons up to ~100 TeV with high statistics. The measured spectrum validates the spectral hardening at ~300 GeV found by previous experiments and reveals a softening at ~13.6 TeV, with the spectral index changing from ~2.60 to ~2.85. Our result implies the existence of a new spectral feature of cosmic rays at energies lower than the so-called knee and sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays.},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aax3793},
journal = {Science Advances},
number = 9,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Sep 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Tue Sep 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
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