Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis

Pal, Pinaki; Kolodziej, Christopher P.; Choi, Seungmok; Som, Sibendu; Broatch, Alberto; Gomez-Soriano, Josep; Wu, Yunchao; Lu, Tianfeng; See, Yee Chee

doi:10.4271/2018-01-0187

Title: Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis

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Abstract

Knock is a major bottleneck to achieving higher thermal efficiency in spark ignition (SI) engines. The overall tendency to knock is highly dependent on fuel anti-knock quality as well as engine operating conditions. It is, therefore, critical to gain a better understanding of fuel-engine interactions in order to develop robust knock mitigation strategies. In the present work, a numerical model based on three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was developed to capture knock in a Cooperative Fuel Research (CFR) engine. For combustion modeling, a hybrid approach incorporating the G-equation model to track turbulent flame propagation, and a homogeneous reactor multi-zone model to predict end-gas auto-ignition ahead of the flame front and post-flame oxidation in the burned zone, was employed. In addition, a hybrid methodology was implemented wherein a laminar flame speed lookup table generated a priori from a chemical kinetic mechanism could be used to provide flame speed as an input to the G-equation model, instead of using conventional empirical correlations. Multi-cycle Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations were performed for two different spark timings (STs) corresponding to non-knocking and knocking conditions, with other operating conditions kept the same as those of a standard research octane number (RON) test. Isooctane was consideredmore »« less

Authors:

Pal, Pinaki ^[1]; Kolodziej, Christopher P. ^[1]; Choi, Seungmok ^[1]; Som, Sibendu ^[1]; Broatch, Alberto ^[2]; Gomez-Soriano, Josep ^[2]; Wu, Yunchao ^[3]; Lu, Tianfeng ^[3]; See, Yee Chee ^[4]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia (Spain)
Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
Convergent Science Inc., Middleton, WI (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Apr 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

OSTI Identifier:: 1572720

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: SAE International Journal of Engines (Online); Journal Volume: 11; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1946-3944

Publisher:: SAE International

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING; CFR engine; G-equation; computational fluid dynamics; knock; multi-zone; numerical modeling; research octane number; simulation

Citation Formats


                    Pal, Pinaki, Kolodziej, Christopher P., Choi, Seungmok, Som, Sibendu, Broatch, Alberto, Gomez-Soriano, Josep, Wu, Yunchao, Lu, Tianfeng, and See, Yee Chee. Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis.  United States: N. p., 2018. 
Web.  doi:10.4271/2018-01-0187.

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                    Pal, Pinaki, Kolodziej, Christopher P., Choi, Seungmok, Som, Sibendu, Broatch, Alberto, Gomez-Soriano, Josep, Wu, Yunchao, Lu, Tianfeng, & See, Yee Chee. Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0187

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                    Pal, Pinaki, Kolodziej, Christopher P., Choi, Seungmok, Som, Sibendu, Broatch, Alberto, Gomez-Soriano, Josep, Wu, Yunchao, Lu, Tianfeng, and See, Yee Chee. Tue .  
"Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0187.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1572720.

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@article{osti_1572720,

  title        = {Development of a Virtual CFR Engine Model for Knocking Combustion Analysis},

  author       = {Pal, Pinaki and Kolodziej, Christopher P. and Choi, Seungmok and Som, Sibendu and Broatch, Alberto and Gomez-Soriano, Josep and Wu, Yunchao and Lu, Tianfeng and See, Yee Chee},

  abstractNote = {Knock is a major bottleneck to achieving higher thermal efficiency in spark ignition (SI) engines. The overall tendency to knock is highly dependent on fuel anti-knock quality as well as engine operating conditions. It is, therefore, critical to gain a better understanding of fuel-engine interactions in order to develop robust knock mitigation strategies. In the present work, a numerical model based on three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was developed to capture knock in a Cooperative Fuel Research (CFR) engine. For combustion modeling, a hybrid approach incorporating the G-equation model to track turbulent flame propagation, and a homogeneous reactor multi-zone model to predict end-gas auto-ignition ahead of the flame front and post-flame oxidation in the burned zone, was employed. In addition, a hybrid methodology was implemented wherein a laminar flame speed lookup table generated a priori from a chemical kinetic mechanism could be used to provide flame speed as an input to the G-equation model, instead of using conventional empirical correlations. Multi-cycle Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations were performed for two different spark timings (STs) corresponding to non-knocking and knocking conditions, with other operating conditions kept the same as those of a standard research octane number (RON) test. Isooctane was considered as the fuel for the numerical study. Two different reduced kinetic mechanisms were employed to describe end-gas auto-ignition chemistry and to generate the flame speed lookup table. Experimental data, including intake/exhaust boundary conditions, was provided by an isooctane ST sweep study conducted in an in-house CFR engine. Moreover, cylinder wall/valve/port surface temperatures and residual gas fraction (RGF) were estimated using a well-calibrated one-dimensional (1-D) model. On the other hand, a novel methodology was also developed to analyze experimental data for the knocking case and identify the most representative cycle. For the non-knocking case, a good agreement was found between experiment and CFD simulation, with respect to cycle-averaged values of 10% burn point (CA10), 50% burn point (CA50), and peak pressure magnitude/location. The virtual CFR engine model was also demonstrated to be capable of predicting average knock characteristics for the knocking case, such as knock point, knock intensity, and energy of resonance, with good accuracy.},

  doi          = {10.4271/2018-01-0187},

  journal      = {SAE International Journal of Engines (Online)},

  number       = 6,

  volume       = 11,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Apr 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018},

  month        = {Tue Apr 03 00:00:00 EDT 2018}

}

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