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Title: Global climate evolution during the last deglaciation

Abstract

Deciphering the evolution of global climate from the end of the Last Glacial Maximum approximately 19 ka to the early Holocene 11 ka presents an outstanding opportunity for understanding the transient response of Earth’s climate system to external and internal forcings. During this interval of global warming, the decay of ice sheets caused global mean sea level to rise by approximately 80 m; terrestrial and marine ecosystems experienced large disturbances and range shifts; perturbations to the carbon cycle resulted in a net release of the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere; and changes in atmosphere and ocean circulation affected the global distribution and fluxes of water and heat. Here we summarize a major effort by the paleoclimate research community to characterize these changes through the development of well-dated, high-resolution records of the deep and intermediate ocean as well as surface climate. Here, our synthesis indicates that the superposition of two modes explains much of the variability in regional and global climate during the last deglaciation, with a strong association between the first mode and variations in greenhouse gases, and between the second mode and variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [1];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [1];  [11];  [12];  [13];  [14];  [15];  [16];  [17];  [1] more »;  [18];  [19];  [20];  [21];  [18];  [22];  [8];  [23];  [2];  [24];  [25] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States). College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences
  2. Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences
  3. Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States). Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences
  4. Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States). Dept. of Geography
  5. Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States). Dept. of Geography
  6. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Geoscience; Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Center for Climatic Research
  7. Xi’an Jiaotong Univ., Xi’an (China); Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Geology and Geophysics
  8. Northern Arizona Univ., Flagstaff, AZ (United States). School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability
  9. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Center for Climatic Research; Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Lab. for Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, School of Physics
  10. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Inst. of Arctic and Alpine Research
  11. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center, Boulder, CO (United States)
  12. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States). Climate and Global Dynamics Division
  13. Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States). Dept. of Geology and Geophysics
  14. Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States). Dept. of Geological Sciences
  15. Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States). Dept. of Earth Sciences
  16. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
  17. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Center for Climatic Research; Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Geography
  18. Univ. of Minnesota, Duluth, MN (United States). Large Lakes Observatory and Dept. Geological Sciences
  19. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA (United States). Dept. of Geology and Geophysics
  20. Univ. of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL (United States). College of Marine Science
  21. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Center for Climatic Research
  22. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
  23. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY (United States)
  24. Univ. de Chile, Santiago (Chile). Inst. of Ecology and Biodiversity and Dept. of Ecological Sciences
  25. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Geography
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1564867
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 109; Journal Issue: 19; Journal ID: ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher:
National Academy of Sciences
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Science & Technology - Other Topics

Citation Formats

Clark, Peter U., Shakun, Jeremy D., Baker, Paul A., Bartlein, Patrick J., Brewer, Simon, Brook, Ed, Carlson, Anders E., Cheng, Hai, Kaufman, Darrell S., Liu, Zhengyu, Marchitto, Thomas M., Mix, Alan C., Morrill, Carrie, Otto-Bliesner, Bette L., Pahnke, Katharina, Russell, James M., Whitlock, C., Adkins, Jess F., Blois, Jessica L., Clark, Jorie, Colman, Steven M., Curry, William B., Flower, B. P., He, Feng, Johnson, Thomas C., Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean, Markgraf, Vera, McManus, Jerry, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Moreno, Patricio I., and Williams, John W. Global climate evolution during the last deglaciation. United States: N. p., 2012. Web. doi:10.1073/pnas.1116619109.
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Clark, Peter U., Shakun, Jeremy D., Baker, Paul A., Bartlein, Patrick J., Brewer, Simon, Brook, Ed, Carlson, Anders E., Cheng, Hai, Kaufman, Darrell S., Liu, Zhengyu, Marchitto, Thomas M., Mix, Alan C., Morrill, Carrie, Otto-Bliesner, Bette L., Pahnke, Katharina, Russell, James M., Whitlock, C., Adkins, Jess F., Blois, Jessica L., Clark, Jorie, Colman, Steven M., Curry, William B., Flower, B. P., He, Feng, Johnson, Thomas C., Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean, Markgraf, Vera, McManus, Jerry, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Moreno, Patricio I., & Williams, John W. Global climate evolution during the last deglaciation. United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1116619109
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Clark, Peter U., Shakun, Jeremy D., Baker, Paul A., Bartlein, Patrick J., Brewer, Simon, Brook, Ed, Carlson, Anders E., Cheng, Hai, Kaufman, Darrell S., Liu, Zhengyu, Marchitto, Thomas M., Mix, Alan C., Morrill, Carrie, Otto-Bliesner, Bette L., Pahnke, Katharina, Russell, James M., Whitlock, C., Adkins, Jess F., Blois, Jessica L., Clark, Jorie, Colman, Steven M., Curry, William B., Flower, B. P., He, Feng, Johnson, Thomas C., Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean, Markgraf, Vera, McManus, Jerry, Mitrovica, Jerry X., Moreno, Patricio I., and Williams, John W. Mon . "Global climate evolution during the last deglaciation". United States. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1116619109. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1564867.
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@article{osti_1564867,
title = {Global climate evolution during the last deglaciation},
author = {Clark, Peter U. and Shakun, Jeremy D. and Baker, Paul A. and Bartlein, Patrick J. and Brewer, Simon and Brook, Ed and Carlson, Anders E. and Cheng, Hai and Kaufman, Darrell S. and Liu, Zhengyu and Marchitto, Thomas M. and Mix, Alan C. and Morrill, Carrie and Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. and Pahnke, Katharina and Russell, James M. and Whitlock, C. and Adkins, Jess F. and Blois, Jessica L. and Clark, Jorie and Colman, Steven M. and Curry, William B. and Flower, B. P. and He, Feng and Johnson, Thomas C. and Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean and Markgraf, Vera and McManus, Jerry and Mitrovica, Jerry X. and Moreno, Patricio I. and Williams, John W.},
abstractNote = {Deciphering the evolution of global climate from the end of the Last Glacial Maximum approximately 19 ka to the early Holocene 11 ka presents an outstanding opportunity for understanding the transient response of Earth’s climate system to external and internal forcings. During this interval of global warming, the decay of ice sheets caused global mean sea level to rise by approximately 80 m; terrestrial and marine ecosystems experienced large disturbances and range shifts; perturbations to the carbon cycle resulted in a net release of the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere; and changes in atmosphere and ocean circulation affected the global distribution and fluxes of water and heat. Here we summarize a major effort by the paleoclimate research community to characterize these changes through the development of well-dated, high-resolution records of the deep and intermediate ocean as well as surface climate. Here, our synthesis indicates that the superposition of two modes explains much of the variability in regional and global climate during the last deglaciation, with a strong association between the first mode and variations in greenhouse gases, and between the second mode and variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.1116619109},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
number = 19,
volume = 109,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Feb 13 00:00:00 EST 2012},
month = {Mon Feb 13 00:00:00 EST 2012}
}
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