Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of 182Hg, 184Hg, 186Hg and 188Hg

Wrzosek-Lipska, K.; Rezynkina, K.; Bree, N.; Zielińska, M.; Gaffney, L. P.; Petts, A.; Andreyev, A.; Bastin, B.; Bender, M.; Blazhev, A.; Bruyneel, B.; Butler, P. A.; Carpenter, M. P.; Cederkäll, J.; Clément, E.; Cocolios, T. E.; Deacon, A. N.; Diriken, J.; Ekström, A.; Fitzpatrick, C.; Fraile, L. M.; Fransen, Ch.; Freeman, S. J.; García-Ramos, J. E.; Geibel, K.; Gernhäuser, R.; Grahn, T.; Guttormsen, M.; Hadinia, B.; Hadyńska-Klȩk, K.; Hass, M.; Heenen, P. -H.; Herzberg, R. -D.; Hess, H.; Heyde, K.; Huyse, M.; Ivanov, O.; Jenkins, D. G.; Julin, R.; Kesteloot, N.; Kröll, Th.; Krücken, R.; Larsen, A. C.; Lutter, R.; Marley, P.; Napiorkowski, P. J.; Orlandi, R.; Page, R. D.; Pakarinen, J.; Patronis, N.; Peura, P. J.; Piselli, E.; Próchniak, L.; Rahkila, P.; Rapisarda, E.; Reiter, P.; Robinson, A. P.; Scheck, M.; Siem, S.; Chakkal, K. Singh; Smith, J. F.; Srebrny, J.; Stefanescu, I.; Tveten, G. M.; Van Duppen, P.; Van de Walle, J.; Voulot, D.; Warr, N.; Wiens, A.; Wood, J. L.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12815-2

Title: Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of ¹⁸²Hg, ¹⁸⁴Hg, ¹⁸⁶Hg and ¹⁸⁸Hg

Abstract

The neutron-deficient mercury isotopes serve as a classical example of shape coexistence, whereby at low energy near-degenerate nuclear states characterized by different shapes appear. The electromagnetic structure of even-mass ^182-188Hg isotopes was studied using safe-energy Coulomb excitation of neutron-deficient mercury beams delivered by the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. The population of 0⁺_1,2, 2⁺_1,2 and 4⁺₁ states was observed in all nuclei under study. Reduced E2 matrix elements coupling populated yrast and non-yrast states were extracted, including their relative signs. These are a sensitive probe of shape coexistence and may be used to validate nuclear models. The experimental results are discussed in terms of mixing of two different configurations and are compared with three different model calculations: the Beyond Mean Field model, the Interacting Boson Model with configuration mixing and the General Bohr Hamiltonian. Partial agreement with experiment was observed, hinting to missing ingredients in the theoretical descriptions.

Authors:

Wrzosek-Lipska, K. ^[1]; Rezynkina, K. ^[2]; Bree, N. ^[3]; Zielińska, M. ^[4]; Gaffney, L. P. ^[5]; Petts, A. ^[6]; Andreyev, A. ^[7]; Bastin, B. ^[8]; Bender, M. ^[9]; Blazhev, A. ^[10]; Bruyneel, B. ^[10]; Butler, P. A. ^[6]; Carpenter, M. P. ^[11]; Cederkäll, J. ^[12]; Clément, E. ^[13]; Cocolios, T. E. ^[14]; Deacon, A. N. ^[15]; Diriken, J. ^[16]; Ekström, A. ^[17]; Fitzpatrick, C. ^[15] more »

Univ. of Warsaw, Warsaw (Poland); KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); Univ. de Strasbourg, Strasbourg (France)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium)
Univ. of Warsaw, Warsaw (Poland); Univ. Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
Univ. of Liverpool, Liverpool (United Kingdom); KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland); Univ. of the West Scotland, Paisley (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Liverpool, Liverpool (United Kingdom)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); Univ. of York, York (United Kingdom)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); GANIL CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, Caen (France)
Univ. de Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex (France)
Univ. zu Köln, Köln (Germany)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of Lund, Lund (Sweden); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
GANIL CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, Caen (France); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland); Univ. of Manchester, Manchester (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Manchester, Manchester (United Kingdom)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol (Belgium)
Univ. of Lund, Lund (Sweden)
Univ. Complutense de Madrid, Madrid (Spain)
Univ. de Huelva, Huelva (Spain)
Technische Univ. München, Garching (Germany)
Univ. of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla (Finland); Univ. of Helsinki, Helsinki (Finland)
Univ. of Oslo, Oslo (Norway)
Univ. of the West of Scotland, Paisley (United Kingdom); Univ. of Guelph, Guelph (Canada)
Univ. of Warsaw, Warsaw (Poland)
Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot (Israel)
Univ. Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles (Belgium)
Ghent Univ., Gent (Belgium)
Univ. of York, York (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla (Finland)
Technische Univ. Darmstadt, Darmstadt (Germany)
Ludwig Maximilian Univ. München, Garching (Germany)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); Univ. of the West of Scotland, Paisley (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä (Finland); Univ. of Helsinki, Helsinki (Finland)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); The Univ. of Ioannina, Ioannina (Greece)
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
Paul Scherrer Inst. (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)
Univ. of York, York (United Kingdom); National Physical Lab, Teddington (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Liverpool, Liverpool (United Kingdom); Univ. of the West of Scotland, Paisley (United Kingdom)
Univ. of the West of Scotland, Paisley (United Kingdom)
KU Leuven, Leuven (Belgium); Technische Univ. München, Garching (Germany)
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: European Commission, Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS), Seventh Framework Programme (FP7); National Science Centre (Poland); United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

OSTI Identifier:: 1558287

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: European Physical Journal. A

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 55; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1434-6001

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Citation Formats


                    Wrzosek-Lipska, K., Rezynkina, K., Bree, N., Zielińska, M., Gaffney, L. P., Petts, A., Andreyev, A., Bastin, B., Bender, M., Blazhev, A., Bruyneel, B., Butler, P. A., Carpenter, M. P., Cederkäll, J., Clément, E., Cocolios, T. E., Deacon, A. N., Diriken, J., Ekström, A., Fitzpatrick, C., Fraile, L. M., Fransen, Ch., Freeman, S. J., García-Ramos, J. E., Geibel, K., Gernhäuser, R., Grahn, T., Guttormsen, M., Hadinia, B., Hadyńska-Klȩk, K., Hass, M., Heenen, P. -H., Herzberg, R. -D., Hess, H., Heyde, K., Huyse, M., Ivanov, O., Jenkins, D. G., Julin, R., Kesteloot, N., Kröll, Th., Krücken, R., Larsen, A. C., Lutter, R., Marley, P., Napiorkowski, P. J., Orlandi, R., Page, R. D., Pakarinen, J., Patronis, N., Peura, P. J., Piselli, E., Próchniak, L., Rahkila, P., Rapisarda, E., Reiter, P., Robinson, A. P., Scheck, M., Siem, S., Chakkal, K. Singh, Smith, J. F., Srebrny, J., Stefanescu, I., Tveten, G. M., Van Duppen, P., Van de Walle, J., Voulot, D., Warr, N., Wiens, A., and Wood, J. L. Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of 182Hg, 184Hg, 186Hg and 188Hg.  United States: N. p., 2019. 
Web.  doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12815-2.

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                    Wrzosek-Lipska, K., Rezynkina, K., Bree, N., Zielińska, M., Gaffney, L. P., Petts, A., Andreyev, A., Bastin, B., Bender, M., Blazhev, A., Bruyneel, B., Butler, P. A., Carpenter, M. P., Cederkäll, J., Clément, E., Cocolios, T. E., Deacon, A. N., Diriken, J., Ekström, A., Fitzpatrick, C., Fraile, L. M., Fransen, Ch., Freeman, S. J., García-Ramos, J. E., Geibel, K., Gernhäuser, R., Grahn, T., Guttormsen, M., Hadinia, B., Hadyńska-Klȩk, K., Hass, M., Heenen, P. -H., Herzberg, R. -D., Hess, H., Heyde, K., Huyse, M., Ivanov, O., Jenkins, D. G., Julin, R., Kesteloot, N., Kröll, Th., Krücken, R., Larsen, A. C., Lutter, R., Marley, P., Napiorkowski, P. J., Orlandi, R., Page, R. D., Pakarinen, J., Patronis, N., Peura, P. J., Piselli, E., Próchniak, L., Rahkila, P., Rapisarda, E., Reiter, P., Robinson, A. P., Scheck, M., Siem, S., Chakkal, K. Singh, Smith, J. F., Srebrny, J., Stefanescu, I., Tveten, G. M., Van Duppen, P., Van de Walle, J., Voulot, D., Warr, N., Wiens, A., & Wood, J. L. Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of 182Hg, 184Hg, 186Hg and 188Hg.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12815-2

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                    Wrzosek-Lipska, K., Rezynkina, K., Bree, N., Zielińska, M., Gaffney, L. P., Petts, A., Andreyev, A., Bastin, B., Bender, M., Blazhev, A., Bruyneel, B., Butler, P. A., Carpenter, M. P., Cederkäll, J., Clément, E., Cocolios, T. E., Deacon, A. N., Diriken, J., Ekström, A., Fitzpatrick, C., Fraile, L. M., Fransen, Ch., Freeman, S. J., García-Ramos, J. E., Geibel, K., Gernhäuser, R., Grahn, T., Guttormsen, M., Hadinia, B., Hadyńska-Klȩk, K., Hass, M., Heenen, P. -H., Herzberg, R. -D., Hess, H., Heyde, K., Huyse, M., Ivanov, O., Jenkins, D. G., Julin, R., Kesteloot, N., Kröll, Th., Krücken, R., Larsen, A. C., Lutter, R., Marley, P., Napiorkowski, P. J., Orlandi, R., Page, R. D., Pakarinen, J., Patronis, N., Peura, P. J., Piselli, E., Próchniak, L., Rahkila, P., Rapisarda, E., Reiter, P., Robinson, A. P., Scheck, M., Siem, S., Chakkal, K. Singh, Smith, J. F., Srebrny, J., Stefanescu, I., Tveten, G. M., Van Duppen, P., Van de Walle, J., Voulot, D., Warr, N., Wiens, A., and Wood, J. L. Thu .  
"Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of 182Hg, 184Hg, 186Hg and 188Hg".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12815-2.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1558287.

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@article{osti_1558287,

  title        = {Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of 182Hg, 184Hg, 186Hg and 188Hg},

  author       = {Wrzosek-Lipska, K. and Rezynkina, K. and Bree, N. and Zielińska, M. and Gaffney, L. P. and Petts, A. and Andreyev, A. and Bastin, B. and Bender, M. and Blazhev, A. and Bruyneel, B. and Butler, P. A. and Carpenter, M. P. and Cederkäll, J. and Clément, E. and Cocolios, T. E. and Deacon, A. N. and Diriken, J. and Ekström, A. and Fitzpatrick, C. and Fraile, L. M. and Fransen, Ch. and Freeman, S. J. and García-Ramos, J. E. and Geibel, K. and Gernhäuser, R. and Grahn, T. and Guttormsen, M. and Hadinia, B. and Hadyńska-Klȩk, K. and Hass, M. and Heenen, P. -H. and Herzberg, R. -D. and Hess, H. and Heyde, K. and Huyse, M. and Ivanov, O. and Jenkins, D. G. and Julin, R. and Kesteloot, N. and Kröll, Th. and Krücken, R. and Larsen, A. C. and Lutter, R. and Marley, P. and Napiorkowski, P. J. and Orlandi, R. and Page, R. D. and Pakarinen, J. and Patronis, N. and Peura, P. J. and Piselli, E. and Próchniak, L. and Rahkila, P. and Rapisarda, E. and Reiter, P. and Robinson, A. P. and Scheck, M. and Siem, S. and Chakkal, K. Singh and Smith, J. F. and Srebrny, J. and Stefanescu, I. and Tveten, G. M. and Van Duppen, P. and Van de Walle, J. and Voulot, D. and Warr, N. and Wiens, A. and Wood, J. L.},

  abstractNote = {The neutron-deficient mercury isotopes serve as a classical example of shape coexistence, whereby at low energy near-degenerate nuclear states characterized by different shapes appear. The electromagnetic structure of even-mass 182-188Hg isotopes was studied using safe-energy Coulomb excitation of neutron-deficient mercury beams delivered by the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. The population of 0+1,2, 2+1,2 and 4+1 states was observed in all nuclei under study. Reduced E2 matrix elements coupling populated yrast and non-yrast states were extracted, including their relative signs. These are a sensitive probe of shape coexistence and may be used to validate nuclear models. The experimental results are discussed in terms of mixing of two different configurations and are compared with three different model calculations: the Beyond Mean Field model, the Interacting Boson Model with configuration mixing and the General Bohr Hamiltonian. Partial agreement with experiment was observed, hinting to missing ingredients in the theoretical descriptions.},

  doi          = {10.1140/epja/i2019-12815-2},

  journal      = {European Physical Journal. A},

  number       = 8,

  volume       = 55,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2019},

  month        = {Thu Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2019}

}

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The SPEDE spectrometer
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Papadakis, P.; Cox, D. M.; O’Neill, G. G.
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Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 180
journal, May 2015

McCutchan, E. A.
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Shape coexistence in ${}^{178}{Hg}$
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Works referencing / citing this record:

Coexistence and mixing in ${}^{182, 184}{Hg}$
journal, October 2019

Fortune, H. T.
Physical Review C, Vol. 100, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.100.044303

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Crossing of near-spherical and deformed bands in $sup 186$ $sup 188$Hg and new isotopes $sup 186$ $sup 188$Tl

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Two complementary experimental programs have taken place to investigate the origin and evolution of shape coexistence in the light mercury region. Recoil Distance Doppler-shift measurements were performed at the University of Jyvaeskylae utilizing the Koeln plunger device in conjunction with the JUROGAM+RITU+GREAT setup. In addition, Coulomb excitation measurements of {sup 184,186,188}Hg were performed at REX-ISOLDE using the MINIBALL Ge-detector array. The results of the lifetime measurements of the yrast states up to I{sup {pi}} = 10{sup +} in {sup 182}Hg are reported. Preliminary analysis of the Coulomb excitation data is also discussed.
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The decay of the isotope /sup 188/Tl (T/sub 1/2/ = 71 +- 1 s) was studied via conversion-electron, gamma, gamma-gamma, and gamma-conversion-electron measurements. Levels of /sup 188/Hg were deduced. Two bands with quite different deformation were established. One band is built on a near spherical ground state and the other band is built on a well-deformed shape with an excited 0/sub 2//sup +/ band head at 824.5 keV. The bands cross and coexist above and below the crossing point. Their crossing explains the unusual behavior of the moment of inertia of the yrast cascade.
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Lifetimes of yrast states in {sup 180}Hg up to the 8{sup +} state and of the 9{sup -} state have been extracted from recoil-decay tagged {gamma}-ray spectra by using the recoil distance Doppler-shift method. In addition, lifetimes of yrast states up to the 10{sup +} state in {sup 182}Hg have been extracted from recoil-gated {gamma}{gamma}-coincidence spectra. The present study addresses the evolution of collectivity of two competing shapes in neutron-deficient Hg nuclei as a function of A and the configuration mixing at low spin.
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Recent experimental results in /sup 182/-/sup 188/Hg are presented. The levels in /sup 182/Hg are identified for the first time. Presently available theoretical interpretations are discussed. The results indicate that there are multiple competing nuclear structures along the yrast line. We interpret that the gradual upbend of I/sub x/ in the deformed band and the next super band are the result of aligning two h/sub 9/2/ or i/sub 13/2/ protons. 33 references.

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Title: Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of 182Hg, 184Hg, 186Hg and 188Hg

Abstract

Citation Formats

Dark coupling and gauge invariance journal, November 2010

Shape evolution and the role of intruder configurations in Hg isotopes within the interacting boson model based on a Gogny energy density functional journal, June 2013

Nuclear shape isomerism in 185Hg detected by laser spectroscopy journal, March 1979

Shape coexistence in 180 Hg studied through the β decay of 180 Tl journal, September 2011

Quadrupole collective states within the Bohr collective Hamiltonian journal, October 2009

Analysis methods of safe Coulomb-excitation experiments with radioactive ion beams using the GOSIA code journal, April 2016

Electric monopole transitions from low energy excitations in nuclei journal, May 1999

Shape coexistence in Hg 186 and the decay of Tl 186 journal, November 1977

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 188 journal, February 2002

Nuclear Shapes Studied by Coulomb Excitation journal, December 1986

Intrinsic Quadrupole Moments and Shapes of Nuclear Ground States and Excited States journal, January 1972

Shape coexistence studied in ${}^{\mathrm{182,184}}$Hg via the β decay of ${}^{\mathrm{182,184}}$Tl journal, May 2017

A Review, Bibliography, and Tabulation of K , L , and Higher Atomic Shell X‐Ray Fluorescence Yields journal, March 1994

Sudden change in the nuclear charge distribution of very light mercury isotopes journal, March 1972

Electromagnetic properties of 100 Mo: Experimental results and theoretical description of quadrupole degrees of freedom journal, December 2012

The structure of high spin states in 184Hg and 186Hg journal, February 1986

Lifetimes in the Ground-State Band of Hg 184 journal, December 1973

Quantitative description of configuration mixing in the interacting boson model journal, March 1982

Electric monopole transitions between 0+ states for nuclei throughout the periodic table journal, January 2005

Nuclear shape coexistence: A study of the even-even Hg isotopes using the interacting boson model with configuration mixing journal, January 2014

Evolution of collectivity in Hg 180 and Hg 182 journal, July 2009

Low-energy Coulomb excitation of Sr 96 , 98 beams journal, November 2016

Study of 2 0 0 , 2 0 2 Po through β + and electron-capture decay and the manifestation of shape coexistence in the lighter Po isotopes journal, August 1998

Shape coexistence in atomic nuclei journal, November 2011

Shape coexistence in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes studied via lifetime measurements in Hg 184 , 186 and two-state mixing calculations journal, February 2014

Accelerated radioactive beams from REX-ISOLDE journal, May 2003

Ground state shaoe and crossing of near spherical and deformed bands in 182Hg journal, May 1984

Crossing of Near-Spherical and Deformed Bands in Hg 1 8 6 , 1 8 8 and New Isotopes Tl 1 8 6 , 1 8 8 journal, September 1975

Decay of TI 188 and observed shape coexistence in the bands of Hg 188 journal, October 1984

Shape Coexistence in the Neutron-Deficient Even-Even Hg 182 − 188 Isotopes Studied via Coulomb Excitation journal, April 2014

The Miniball spectrometer journal, March 2013

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 186 journal, May 2003

Characterization of the shape-staggering effect in mercury nuclei journal, October 2018

Systematics of low-lying states of even-even nuclei in the neutron-deficient lead region from a beyond-mean-field calculation journal, March 2013

CD: A double sided silicon strip detector for radioactive nuclear beam experiments journal, March 2002

Lifetimes of odd-spin yrast states in Hg 182 journal, January 2010

Shape coexistence in the microscopically guided interacting boson model journal, January 2016

Phenomenological Analysis of Ground-State Bands in Even-Even Nuclei journal, February 1969

Evaluation of theoretical conversion coefficients using BrIcc journal, May 2008

Behavior of the Excited Deformed Band and Search for Shape Isomerism in Hg 184 journal, November 1976

Band crossing in 186Hg journal, July 1977

Unique and complementary information on shape coexistence in the neutron-deficient Pb region derived from Coulomb excitation journal, January 2016

Intruder states in very neutron-deficient Hg, Pb and Po nuclei journal, June 2001

X-ray production with heavy post-accelerated radioactive-ion beams in the lead region of interest for Coulomb-excitation measurements journal, October 2015

Mixing of intruder and normal states in Pb nuclei journal, March 1990

The SPEDE spectrometer journal, March 2018

Nuclear deformations in 186Hg from lifetime measurements journal, January 1974

Self-consistent mean-field models for nuclear structure journal, January 2003

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 180 journal, May 2015

Shape coexistence in Hg 178 journal, May 2019

LIFETIMES OF THE $0_2^ + $ CONFIGURATION IN 186 Hg AND 188 Hg journal, June 1994

Electric-Monopole Transitions in Atomic Nuclei journal, August 1956

Combined in-beam electron and γ -ray spectroscopy of Hg 184 , 186 journal, March 2011

Consequences of the center–of–mass correction in nuclear mean–field models journal, April 2000

Deformation and mixing of coexisting shapes in neutron-deficient polonium isotopes journal, November 2015

Configuration mixing in the interacting boson model journal, April 1981

Collectivity in 196,198 Pb isotopes probed in Coulomb-excitation experiments at REX-ISOLDE journal, May 2017

Coexistence and mixing in Hg 182 , 184 journal, October 2019

Title: Electromagnetic properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes: Coulomb excitation of ¹⁸²Hg, ¹⁸⁴Hg, ¹⁸⁶Hg and ¹⁸⁸Hg

Dark coupling and gauge invariance
journal, November 2010

Shape evolution and the role of intruder configurations in Hg isotopes within the interacting boson model based on a Gogny energy density functional
journal, June 2013

Nuclear shape isomerism in 185Hg detected by laser spectroscopy
journal, March 1979

Shape coexistence in $^{180}$ Hg studied through the $β$ decay of $^{180}$ Tl
journal, September 2011

Quadrupole collective states within the Bohr collective Hamiltonian
journal, October 2009

Analysis methods of safe Coulomb-excitation experiments with radioactive ion beams using the GOSIA code
journal, April 2016

Electric monopole transitions from low energy excitations in nuclei
journal, May 1999

Shape coexistence in ${}^{186}{Hg}$ and the decay of ${}^{186}{Tl}$
journal, November 1977

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 188
journal, February 2002

Nuclear Shapes Studied by Coulomb Excitation
journal, December 1986

Intrinsic Quadrupole Moments and Shapes of Nuclear Ground States and Excited States
journal, January 1972

Shape coexistence studied in ${}^{\mathrm{182,184}}$Hg via the β decay of ${}^{\mathrm{182,184}}$Tl
journal, May 2017

A Review, Bibliography, and Tabulation of K , L , and Higher Atomic Shell X‐Ray Fluorescence Yields
journal, March 1994

Sudden change in the nuclear charge distribution of very light mercury isotopes
journal, March 1972

Electromagnetic properties of $^{100}$ Mo: Experimental results and theoretical description of quadrupole degrees of freedom
journal, December 2012

The structure of high spin states in 184Hg and 186Hg
journal, February 1986

Lifetimes in the Ground-State Band of ${}^{184}{Hg}$
journal, December 1973

Quantitative description of configuration mixing in the interacting boson model
journal, March 1982

Electric monopole transitions between 0+ states for nuclei throughout the periodic table
journal, January 2005

Nuclear shape coexistence: A study of the even-even Hg isotopes using the interacting boson model with configuration mixing
journal, January 2014

Evolution of collectivity in ${}^{180}{Hg}$ and ${}^{182}{Hg}$
journal, July 2009

Low-energy Coulomb excitation of ${}^{96, 98}{Sr}$ beams
journal, November 2016

Study of $^{200, 202} Po$ through $β^{+}$ and electron-capture decay and the manifestation of shape coexistence in the lighter Po isotopes
journal, August 1998

Shape coexistence in atomic nuclei
journal, November 2011

Shape coexistence in neutron-deficient Hg isotopes studied via lifetime measurements in ${}^{184, 186}{Hg}$ and two-state mixing calculations
journal, February 2014

Accelerated radioactive beams from REX-ISOLDE
journal, May 2003

Ground state shaoe and crossing of near spherical and deformed bands in 182Hg
journal, May 1984

Crossing of Near-Spherical and Deformed Bands in ${}^{186, 188}{Hg}$ and New Isotopes ${}^{186, 188}{Tl}$
journal, September 1975

Decay of ${}^{188}{TI}$ and observed shape coexistence in the bands of ${}^{188}{Hg}$
journal, October 1984

Shape Coexistence in the Neutron-Deficient Even-Even ${}^{182 - 188}{Hg}$ Isotopes Studied via Coulomb Excitation
journal, April 2014

The Miniball spectrometer
journal, March 2013

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 186
journal, May 2003

Characterization of the shape-staggering effect in mercury nuclei
journal, October 2018

Systematics of low-lying states of even-even nuclei in the neutron-deficient lead region from a beyond-mean-field calculation
journal, March 2013

CD: A double sided silicon strip detector for radioactive nuclear beam experiments
journal, March 2002

Lifetimes of odd-spin yrast states in ${}^{182}{Hg}$
journal, January 2010

Shape coexistence in the microscopically guided interacting boson model
journal, January 2016

Phenomenological Analysis of Ground-State Bands in Even-Even Nuclei
journal, February 1969

Evaluation of theoretical conversion coefficients using BrIcc
journal, May 2008

Behavior of the Excited Deformed Band and Search for Shape Isomerism in ${}^{184}{Hg}$
journal, November 1976

Band crossing in 186Hg
journal, July 1977

Unique and complementary information on shape coexistence in the neutron-deficient Pb region derived from Coulomb excitation
journal, January 2016

Intruder states in very neutron-deficient Hg, Pb and Po nuclei
journal, June 2001

X-ray production with heavy post-accelerated radioactive-ion beams in the lead region of interest for Coulomb-excitation measurements
journal, October 2015

Mixing of intruder and normal states in Pb nuclei
journal, March 1990

The SPEDE spectrometer
journal, March 2018

Nuclear deformations in 186Hg from lifetime measurements
journal, January 1974

Self-consistent mean-field models for nuclear structure
journal, January 2003

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 180
journal, May 2015

Shape coexistence in ${}^{178}{Hg}$
journal, May 2019

LIFETIMES OF THE $0_2^ + $ CONFIGURATION IN ¹⁸⁶ Hg AND ¹⁸⁸ Hg
journal, June 1994

Electric-Monopole Transitions in Atomic Nuclei
journal, August 1956

Combined in-beam electron and $γ$ -ray spectroscopy of ${}^{184, 186}{Hg}$
journal, March 2011

Consequences of the center–of–mass correction in nuclear mean–field models
journal, April 2000

Deformation and mixing of coexisting shapes in neutron-deficient polonium isotopes
journal, November 2015

Configuration mixing in the interacting boson model
journal, April 1981

Collectivity in ^196,198 Pb isotopes probed in Coulomb-excitation experiments at REX-ISOLDE
journal, May 2017

Coexistence and mixing in ${}^{182, 184}{Hg}$
journal, October 2019