Topological Phases in Graphene Nanoribbons: Junction States, Spin Centers, and Quantum Spin Chains
Abstract
We show that semiconducting graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) of different width, edge, and end termination (synthesizable from molecular precursors with atomic precision) belong to different electronic topological classes. The topological phase of GNRs is protected by spatial symmetries and dictated by the terminating unit cell. We have derived explicit formulas for their topological invariants and shown that localized junction states developed between two GNRs of distinct topology may be tuned by lateral junction geometry. The topology of a GNR can be further modified by dopants, such as a periodic array of boron atoms. In a superlattice consisting of segments of doped and pristine GNRs, the junction states are stable spin centers, forming a Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 chain with tunable exchange interaction. Furthermore, the discoveries here not only are of scientific interest for studies of quasi-one-dimensional systems, but also open a new path for design principles of future GNR-based devices through their topological characters.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1544373
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1375501
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review Letters
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 119; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
- Publisher:
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS
Citation Formats
Cao, Ting, Zhao, Fangzhou, and Louie, Steven G. Topological Phases in Graphene Nanoribbons: Junction States, Spin Centers, and Quantum Spin Chains. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.076401.
Cao, Ting, Zhao, Fangzhou, & Louie, Steven G. Topological Phases in Graphene Nanoribbons: Junction States, Spin Centers, and Quantum Spin Chains. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.076401
Cao, Ting, Zhao, Fangzhou, and Louie, Steven G. Wed .
"Topological Phases in Graphene Nanoribbons: Junction States, Spin Centers, and Quantum Spin Chains". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.076401. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1544373.
@article{osti_1544373,
title = {Topological Phases in Graphene Nanoribbons: Junction States, Spin Centers, and Quantum Spin Chains},
author = {Cao, Ting and Zhao, Fangzhou and Louie, Steven G.},
abstractNote = {We show that semiconducting graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) of different width, edge, and end termination (synthesizable from molecular precursors with atomic precision) belong to different electronic topological classes. The topological phase of GNRs is protected by spatial symmetries and dictated by the terminating unit cell. We have derived explicit formulas for their topological invariants and shown that localized junction states developed between two GNRs of distinct topology may be tuned by lateral junction geometry. The topology of a GNR can be further modified by dopants, such as a periodic array of boron atoms. In a superlattice consisting of segments of doped and pristine GNRs, the junction states are stable spin centers, forming a Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 chain with tunable exchange interaction. Furthermore, the discoveries here not only are of scientific interest for studies of quasi-one-dimensional systems, but also open a new path for design principles of future GNR-based devices through their topological characters.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.076401},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 7,
volume = 119,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 16 00:00:00 EDT 2017},
month = {Wed Aug 16 00:00:00 EDT 2017}
}
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Figures / Tables:
Table. 1: Categorization of topology of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs). The nanoribbons are identified according the type of termination (labelled in first row) and width. Schematics of AGNR structure with different termination types is defined and plotted in the second row. The bracket denotes a specific termination of an infinitelymore »
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