Empowered communities: The rise of community choice aggregation in the United States
Abstract
Community choice aggregation (CCA) is a new model of energy procurement that allows local governmental entities to procure electricity on behalf of retail electricity customers. Through CCA, local governments can control local electricity portfolios while investor-owned utilities remain responsible for transmission and distribution. In this article, we use a combination of publicly-available data, data obtained directly from CCAs, and stakeholder interviews to explore the rise of CCAs, the current and potential future impacts of CCAs on demand for renewable energy, and the factors that will determine future CCA expansion. We believe that CCAs procured about 42 million megawatt-hours of electricity on behalf of about 5 million customers in the United States in 2017. We estimate that CCAs already procure about 8.9 million megawatt-hours more renewable energy than required by state mandates, and that CCAs could procure as much as 28.9 million megawatt-hours of voluntary renewable energy if the CCA model is permitted in more states. The ongoing expansion of CCAs could significantly affect electricity markets, electricity portfolios, and the future role of utilities. We investigate various challenges associated with the further expansion of CCAs.
- Authors:
-
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Clean Kilowatts, LLC, New York, NY (United States)
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1543127
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 2325510
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-6A20-72726
Journal ID: ISSN 0301-4215
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Energy Policy
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 132; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0301-4215
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY; community choice aggregation; retail choice; electricity markets; deregulation; renewable energy
Citation Formats
O'Shaughnessy, Eric, Heeter, Jenny, Gattaciecca, Julien, Sauer, Jenny, Trumbull, Kelly, and Chen, Emily. Empowered communities: The rise of community choice aggregation in the United States. United States: N. p., 2019.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2019.07.001.
O'Shaughnessy, Eric, Heeter, Jenny, Gattaciecca, Julien, Sauer, Jenny, Trumbull, Kelly, & Chen, Emily. Empowered communities: The rise of community choice aggregation in the United States. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.07.001
O'Shaughnessy, Eric, Heeter, Jenny, Gattaciecca, Julien, Sauer, Jenny, Trumbull, Kelly, and Chen, Emily. Tue .
"Empowered communities: The rise of community choice aggregation in the United States". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.07.001. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1543127.
@article{osti_1543127,
title = {Empowered communities: The rise of community choice aggregation in the United States},
author = {O'Shaughnessy, Eric and Heeter, Jenny and Gattaciecca, Julien and Sauer, Jenny and Trumbull, Kelly and Chen, Emily},
abstractNote = {Community choice aggregation (CCA) is a new model of energy procurement that allows local governmental entities to procure electricity on behalf of retail electricity customers. Through CCA, local governments can control local electricity portfolios while investor-owned utilities remain responsible for transmission and distribution. In this article, we use a combination of publicly-available data, data obtained directly from CCAs, and stakeholder interviews to explore the rise of CCAs, the current and potential future impacts of CCAs on demand for renewable energy, and the factors that will determine future CCA expansion. We believe that CCAs procured about 42 million megawatt-hours of electricity on behalf of about 5 million customers in the United States in 2017. We estimate that CCAs already procure about 8.9 million megawatt-hours more renewable energy than required by state mandates, and that CCAs could procure as much as 28.9 million megawatt-hours of voluntary renewable energy if the CCA model is permitted in more states. The ongoing expansion of CCAs could significantly affect electricity markets, electricity portfolios, and the future role of utilities. We investigate various challenges associated with the further expansion of CCAs.},
doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2019.07.001},
journal = {Energy Policy},
number = C,
volume = 132,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Jul 09 00:00:00 EDT 2019},
month = {Tue Jul 09 00:00:00 EDT 2019}
}
Web of Science
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