Streamlined approach to mapping the magnetic induction of skyrmionic materials
Abstract
Recently, Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) has helped researchers advance the emerging field of magnetic skyrmions. These magnetic quasi-particles, composed of topologically non-trivial magnetization textures, have a large potential for application as information carriers in low-power memory and logic devices. LTEM is one of a very few techniques for direct, real-space imaging of magnetic features at the nanoscale. For Fresnel-contrast LTEM, the transport of intensity equation (TIE) is the tool of choice for quantitative reconstruction of the local magnetic induction through the sample thickness. Typically, this analysis requires collection of at least three images. Here in this paper, we show that for uniform, thin, magnetic films, which includes many skyrmionic samples, the magnetic induction can be quantitatively determined from a single defocused image using a simplified TIE approach.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States)
- Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1530286
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1398540
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; SC0010466; SC0003678
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Ultramicroscopy
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 177; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0304-3991
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Citation Formats
Chess, Jordan J., Montoya, Sergio A., Harvey, Tyler R., Ophus, Colin, Couture, Simon, Lomakin, Vitaliy, Fullerton, Eric E., and McMorran, Benjamin J. Streamlined approach to mapping the magnetic induction of skyrmionic materials. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.02.004.
Chess, Jordan J., Montoya, Sergio A., Harvey, Tyler R., Ophus, Colin, Couture, Simon, Lomakin, Vitaliy, Fullerton, Eric E., & McMorran, Benjamin J. Streamlined approach to mapping the magnetic induction of skyrmionic materials. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.02.004
Chess, Jordan J., Montoya, Sergio A., Harvey, Tyler R., Ophus, Colin, Couture, Simon, Lomakin, Vitaliy, Fullerton, Eric E., and McMorran, Benjamin J. Tue .
"Streamlined approach to mapping the magnetic induction of skyrmionic materials". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.02.004. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1530286.
@article{osti_1530286,
title = {Streamlined approach to mapping the magnetic induction of skyrmionic materials},
author = {Chess, Jordan J. and Montoya, Sergio A. and Harvey, Tyler R. and Ophus, Colin and Couture, Simon and Lomakin, Vitaliy and Fullerton, Eric E. and McMorran, Benjamin J.},
abstractNote = {Recently, Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) has helped researchers advance the emerging field of magnetic skyrmions. These magnetic quasi-particles, composed of topologically non-trivial magnetization textures, have a large potential for application as information carriers in low-power memory and logic devices. LTEM is one of a very few techniques for direct, real-space imaging of magnetic features at the nanoscale. For Fresnel-contrast LTEM, the transport of intensity equation (TIE) is the tool of choice for quantitative reconstruction of the local magnetic induction through the sample thickness. Typically, this analysis requires collection of at least three images. Here in this paper, we show that for uniform, thin, magnetic films, which includes many skyrmionic samples, the magnetic induction can be quantitatively determined from a single defocused image using a simplified TIE approach.},
doi = {10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.02.004},
journal = {Ultramicroscopy},
number = C,
volume = 177,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Feb 28 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Tue Feb 28 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal
Cited by: 9 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Figures / Tables:
Figure 1: (a) and (c) Selected under-focused Lorentz TEM images from a field sweep performed on a FeGd multilayered thin film with (a, b) 180 mT and (c, d) 70 mT field applied perpendicular to the film. Scale bar is 1 µm. (b), (d), The magnetic induction calculated using ourmore »
All figures and tables
(2 total)
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Topological properties and dynamics of magnetic skyrmions
journal, December 2013
- Nagaosa, Naoto; Tokura, Yoshinori
- Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 12
Magnetic skyrmion transistor: skyrmion motion in a voltage-gated nanotrack
journal, June 2015
- Zhang, Xichao; Zhou, Yan; Ezawa, Motohiko
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Skyrmion-skyrmion and skyrmion-edge repulsions in skyrmion-based racetrack memory
journal, January 2015
- Zhang, Xichao; Zhao, G. P.; Fangohr, Hans
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Skyrmionics gets hot
journal, April 2016
- Krause, Stefan; Wiesendanger, Roland
- Nature Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 5
Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
journal, February 2009
- Muhlbauer, S.; Binz, B.; Jonietz, F.
- Science, Vol. 323, Issue 5916
Real-space observation of a two-dimensional skyrmion crystal
journal, June 2010
- Yu, X. Z.; Onose, Y.; Kanazawa, N.
- Nature, Vol. 465, Issue 7300
Skyrmion lattice in the doped semiconductor
journal, January 2010
- Münzer, W.; Neubauer, A.; Adams, T.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 4
Near room-temperature formation of a skyrmion crystal in thin-films of the helimagnet FeGe
journal, December 2010
- Yu, X. Z.; Kanazawa, N.; Onose, Y.
- Nature Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 2
Magnetic stripes and skyrmions with helicity reversals
journal, May 2012
- Yu, X.; Mostovoy, M.; Tokunaga, Y.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 23
Biskyrmion states and their current-driven motion in a layered manganite
journal, January 2014
- Yu, X. Z.; Tokunaga, Y.; Kaneko, Y.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1
Lorentz transmission electron microscopy on nanometric magnetic bubbles and skyrmions in bilayered manganites La 1.2 Sr 1.8 (Mn 1−y Ru y ) 2 O 7 with controlled magnetic anisotropy
journal, November 2015
- Morikawa, D.; Yu, X. Z.; Kaneko, Y.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 21
Synthesizing skyrmion bound pairs in Fe-Gd thin films
journal, July 2016
- Lee, J. C. T.; Chess, J. J.; Montoya, S. A.
- Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 2
Aberration corrected Lorentz scanning transmission electron microscopy
journal, May 2015
- McVitie, S.; McGrouther, D.; McFadzean, S.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 152
Three-Dimensional Study of the Vector Potential of Magnetic Structures
journal, June 2010
- Phatak, Charudatta; Petford-Long, Amanda K.; De Graef, Marc
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 25
Deterministic phase retrieval: a Green’s function solution
journal, January 1983
- Teague, Michael Reed
- Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 73, Issue 11
Towards full-resolution inline electron holography
journal, August 2014
- Koch, Christoph T.
- Micron, Vol. 63
In situ Lorentz TEM magnetization studies on a Fe–Pd–Co martensitic alloy
journal, October 2011
- Budruk, A.; Phatak, C.; Petford-Long, A. K.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 59, Issue 17
In situ lorentz TEM magnetization study of a Ni–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy
journal, July 2011
- Budruk, A.; Phatak, C.; Petford-Long, A. K.
- Acta Materialia, Vol. 59, Issue 12
Propagation of magnetic charge monopoles and Dirac flux strings in an artificial spin-ice lattice
journal, May 2012
- Pollard, S. D.; Volkov, V.; Zhu, Y.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 85, Issue 18
Direct dynamic imaging of non-adiabatic spin torque effects
journal, January 2012
- Pollard, S. D.; Huang, L.; Buchanan, K. S.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
4D Lorentz Electron Microscopy Imaging: Magnetic Domain Wall Nucleation, Reversal, and Wave Velocity
journal, September 2010
- Park, Hyun Soon; Baskin, J. Spencer; Zewail, Ahmed H.
- Nano Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 9
Skyrmion flow near room temperature in an ultralow current density
journal, January 2012
- Yu, X. Z.; Kanazawa, N.; Zhang, W. Z.
- Nature Communications, Vol. 3, Issue 1
Determination of magnetic vortex polarity from a single Lorentz Fresnel image
journal, February 2009
- Phatak, C.; Tanase, M.; Petford-Long, A. K.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 109, Issue 3
Automated phase retrieval of a single-material object using a single out-of-focus image
journal, January 2011
- Eastwood, Samuel A.; Paganin, David M.; Liu, Amelia C. Y.
- Optics Letters, Vol. 36, Issue 10
A flux-preserving non-linear inline holography reconstruction algorithm for partially coherent electrons
journal, January 2008
- Koch, Christoph T.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 108, Issue 2
Tailoring magnetic energies to form dipole skyrmions and skyrmion lattices
journal, January 2017
- Montoya, S. A.; Couture, S.; Chess, J. J.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 2
Direct exit-wave reconstruction from a single defocused image
journal, August 2011
- Morgan, A. J.; Martin, A. V.; D'Alfonso, A. J.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 111, Issue 9-10
Direct retrieval of a complex wave from its diffraction pattern
journal, October 2008
- Martin, A. V.; Allen, L. J.
- Optics Communications, Vol. 281, Issue 20
Practical implementation of a direct method for coherent diffractive imaging
journal, June 2011
- Martin, A. V.; Bishop, A. I.; Paganin, D. M.
- Ultramicroscopy, Vol. 111, Issue 7
Significance of Electromagnetic Potentials in the Quantum Theory
journal, August 1959
- Aharonov, Y.; Bohm, D.
- Physical Review, Vol. 115, Issue 3
Quantitative noninterferometric Lorentz microscopy
journal, June 2001
- De Graef, Marc; Zhu, Yimei
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 89, Issue 11
Hard x-ray quantitative non-interferometric phase-contrast microscopy
journal, January 1999
- Gureyev, T. E.; Raven, C.; Snigirev, A.
- Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 32, Issue 5
A new symmetrized solution for phase retrieval using the transport of intensity equation
journal, January 2002
- Volkov, V. V.; Zhu, Y.; De Graef, M.
- Micron, Vol. 33, Issue 5
Transport of Intensity Phase Retrieval of Arbitrary Wave Fields Including Vortices
journal, October 2013
- Lubk, Axel; Guzzinati, Giulio; Börrnert, Felix
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 17
FastMag: Fast micromagnetic simulator for complex magnetic structures (invited)
journal, April 2011
- Chang, R.; Li, S.; Lubarda, M. V.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 7
Computation of electron diffraction patterns in Lorentz electron microscopy of thin magnetic films
journal, February 1991
- Mansuripur, M.
- Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 69, Issue 4
Phase retrieval with the transport-of-intensity equation II Orthogonal series solution for nonuniform illumination
journal, January 1996
- Gureyev, T. E.; Nugent, K. A.
- Journal of the Optical Society of America A, Vol. 13, Issue 8
Works referencing / citing this record:
A transmission electron microscope study of Néel skyrmion magnetic textures in multilayer thin film systems with large interfacial chiral interaction
journal, April 2018
- McVitie, S.; Hughes, S.; Fallon, K.
- Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Quantitative imaging of hybrid chiral spin textures in magnetic multilayer systems by Lorentz microscopy
journal, December 2019
- Fallon, K.; McVitie, S.; Legrand, W.
- Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 21
Quantitative imaging of hybrid chiral spin textures in magnetic multilayer systems by Lorentz microscopy
text, January 2019
- Fallon, K.; McVitie, S.; Legrand, W.
- arXiv
Figures/Tables have been extracted from DOE-funded journal article accepted manuscripts.